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The distribution of T. granifera in bodies of sweet water in Sancti Spiritus municipality is studied. It was found that it is widely distributed and that it occupies very varied biotopes, except in places with a high organic contamination.
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By means of scanning and transmissive electron microscopy, osphradial structure has been studied in the freshwater herbivorous mollusc Viviparus sp. Ciliary supporting and microvillous cells are described; they do not form any specific for the osphradium zones on its surface. The number of the villi, belonging to one supporting cell, is within 20-40. Peripheral processes of the receptory subepithelial cells have microvilli and 1-2 kinocilia on their apical surface. Central processes of the primary sensitive receptor cells go into the neuropil of the osphradial ganglion, that is situated in the center of the osphradial torus. Among uni- and multipolar ganglionic cells typical neurosecretory cells with electron opaque granules 200 nm in diameter are revealed. Release of neurosecretion takes place in the neuropil and in the connective tissue of the osphradial ganglion. A suggestion is made on modulating role of neuropeptides in the osphradial ganglion, that enables to change sensitivity of this receptor organ depending on physiological state of the animal and on the environment.
Laboratory observations were made on the effects of two metal salts, FeCl3 and CuCl2, on the life of a terrestrial predatory snail, Zonitoides nitidus. These effects were studied, either by direct dipping of predators in the salts with the study of their predation on living lymnaeid snails during the 10 days after dipping, or by exposure of intoxicated, living snails to predators during 28 days. The number of eaten preys and the number of egg laids steadily decreased in the Z. nitidus groups dipped in the toxics during more and more long times. The same results were observed in the Z. nitidus groups eating intoxicated preys after day 7 of experiment. More toxic effects were obtained in all the egg laids of predators in contact with CuCl2 than with FeCl3. The significance of these results is discussed in relation with the joint and alternate control of L. truncatula by chemical and biological means.
A list of Cuban ground mollusks is presented in a systematic order. The number of species and sub-specific types of each one is pointed out. An alphabetic index enabling the rapid determination of the taxonomic location of a given genus is also depicted.
There are two types of metallic accumulations. The first type is constant in localisation and composition. The second type is casually encountered, included in hemocyte nodules, changing with environment and some of its components are incorporated in inorganic particles.
By means of scanning and transmissive electron microscopic methods osphradium of Siphonaria grisea has been studied. The osphradium of the animal is presented as a small torulus formed by supporting ciliated cells. Among them bodies of receptory cells are situated; they are of smaller size and decorated with a bundle of microvilli. Central processes of the receptory cells, penetrating through a thick layer of the connective tissue, reach the subepithelial neural trunk. Concentration of the neural cells in the periphery of the trunk is small, and in the central area no chemical synapses are revealed. The data presented demonstrate a primitive structure of the osphradial chemoreceptory organ in Siphonaria.
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