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Results for “Manual Communication”

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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Analysis and synthesis of the three-dimensional movements of the head, face, and hand of a speaker using cued speech.

In this paper we present efforts for characterizing the three dimensional (3-D) movements of the right hand and the face of a French female speaker during the audiovisual production of cued speech. The 3-D trajectories of 50 hand and 63 facial flesh points during the production of 238 utterances were analyzed. These utterances were carefully designed to cover all possible diphones of the French language. Linear and nonlinear statistical models of the articulations and the postures of the hand and the face have been developed using separate and joint corpora. Automatic recognition of hand and face postures at targets was performed to verify a posteriori that key hand movements and postures imposed by cued speech had been well realized by the subject. Recognition results were further exploited in order to study the phonetic structure of cued speech, notably the phasing relations between hand gestures and sound production. The hand and face gestural scores are studied in reference with the acoustic segmentation. A first implementation of a concatenative audiovisual text-to-cued speech synthesis system is finally described that employs this unique and extensive data on cued speech in action.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1984

Apraxia and aphasia for a visual-gestural language.

Since signed languages utilize visual-gestural channels, their study allows a unique opportunity for insight into the ways language and gesture may be represented in the brain. The separability of apraxia and aphasia for sign language was examined in four deaf signers who had unilateral brain damage, three to the left hemisphere and one to the right hemisphere. These patients were administered various tests for apraxia and a test of pantomime recognition. The patient with damage to the right hemisphere was not apraxic as we would expect. For the patients with damage to the left hemisphere, all of whom were aphasic for sign language, strong dissociations emerged between their capacities for sign language and their nonlinguistic motor skills. The language deficits of these patients seemed related to specific linguistic components of sign language rather than to an underlying motor disorder or an underlying disorder in the capacity to express and comprehend symbols of any kind. This separation between linguistic and nonlinguistic function is all the more striking, because sign language and gesture are transmitted in the same modality.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Deaf versus hearing subjects' recall of words on a distraction task as a function of the signability of the words.

Subjects, including 17 deaf and 10 hearing students in Grades 11 and 12, completed a test for memory of lists of 6 words (presented visually for 10 sec.). Subjects recalled the words in writing after a distracting task of adding pairs of digits for 10 sec. Word lists are categorized as signable with a single sign, compound or combination of signs, or finger-spelling signs only. Hearing subjects recalled significantly more words in each category than did deaf subjects. Deaf subjects recalled significantly more single-signed words than either of the other two categories. Deaf subjects did not recall more compound/combination signed words than words that could only be finger-spelled. Hearing subjects also recalled significantly more single-signed words than either of the other two categories and were not superior in either of the other categories.

Adolescent↗