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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Testing of seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seed and disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed-borne fungi].

OBJECTIVE: To study the dominant seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seeds which were from different producing area and compare the disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seed. METHOD: Petri-dish testing was used to determine the external and internal seed-borne fungi and the disinfection effect of fungicides. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The result showed that the amount of spore on the surface of one Glycyrrihiza seed varied from 0.3% to 37.0% among samples. Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. were the two major dominant fungi and there was few differences in the type of the fungi among producing areas but differences in the isolation frequency of the furgi; Penicillium spp. , Rhizopus spp. , Aspergillus spp. and Alternaria spp. were the internally dominant seed-borne fungi, including seed capsule and the internal tissue of seed and their fungi-carrying percentage was 8.0%-48.3% and 3.5%-42.0% respectively. There were differences in fungi percentage and dominant seed borne fungi among different producing areas. The disinfection effect of both mancozeb and thriam was up to 89.0%, so it is suggested to use them to disinfect Glycyrrihiza seed.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1991

Radiotracer study on mancozeb residues in tomato plants.

A study on the persistence, residues and residue distribution of mancozeb in tomato plant-soil system, as well as effects of cooking on transformation of residual mancozeb were carried out with radiotracer technique. Half-life values for total mancozeb residues on tomato leaves and in soil were observed to be 9.5 and 7.6 days, respectively. The results also suggested that mancozeb residues in soil were readily uptaken by plants and leach to soil layer as deep as 28cm within two weeks, although over 90% of the residues remained in the upper layer (0-6cm) of the soil. Translocation of the residues of mancozeb, especially the water soluble metabolites including ETU, throughout the plants could be one of the factors responsible for the contamination of tomato fruits. Deposit of sprayed mancozeb on the fruit skin was another important factor leading to the contamination of fruits. Fruit skin contained higher levels of residues than the pulp. Washing with water could remove more than 50% of the residues on the skin. It was also found that 20-30% of the residual mancozeb degraded to ETU during cooking process. The tomatoes should be washed to reduce the residues of the fungicide and ETU in food.

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antidiuretic activity of dithiocarbamic acid derivatives].

Chemically pure dithiocarbamates, thiuramsulphides and ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamates display a well-marked antidiuretic action. They materially reduce diuresis, natri- and kaliuresis in rats (1/5 LD(50) per 1 kg into the stomach) and in dogs (sodium N, N-diethyl-dithiocarbamate-into renal artery). Without changing the tubular reabsorption DEDTC inhibits the glomerular filtration of the dogs' kidneys. Furosemide (lasix) prevents the development of the an antidiuletic anidiuretic effect and reduction of the sodium and potassium excretion provoked in rats with DEDTC, zinc N, N', N"-tetraethylthiuram-disulphide and ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate. Furosemide is recommended for the treatment of acute poisonings with dithiocarbaminic acid derivatives.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Subchronic toxic effect of the grain fungicide PF-70 on the electrolyte barrier of the gastric mucosa in rats].

The fungicide for corn PF-70 contains 21% of sulphur, 8.4% of mancozeb, and 0.6% of triadimefon . The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the fungicide on the gastric mucosa electrolyte barrier in rats. Mucosa lesion is known to be one of the risk factors of chronic peptic ulcer disease. The experiments were carried out on 80 rats of Wistar strain. The animals were divided into 5 groups--males and females, separately. The fungicide was given for 13 weeks, at the following doses: 100, 400, 1600, and 6400 mg of active substance per 1 kg of fodder. The gastric mucosa electrolyte barrier was examined by determining the transmural electric potential differences (PD) in mucosa before and after treatment with 150 mmlo of hydrochloric acid and 40 mmol of acetylsalicylic acid solutions. No changes in general condition of the animals were observed. An increase in fodder consumption was observed in males receiving the fungicide at doses of 1600 and 6400 mg per 1 kg of fodder. Females exhibited a decrease in body mass after intoxication at concentration of 6400 mg/kg fodder. A decrease in PD was found in all groups intoxicated with the fungicide, irrespective of the animal sex.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Effect of mancozeb on hydrolytic metabolism of xenobiotics.

The present investigation reports the effect of chronic oral administration of mancozeb, a fungicide, on hepatic microsomal carboxylesterases/amidases or B-esterases responsible for hydrolytic metabolism of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) at pH 5.5 and 7.4, 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), acetanilide and p-nitrophenylacetate (NPA) and cholinesterase in rat. Oral administration of mancozeb (250 mg/kg/day) for 30 days caused significant stimulation of ASA esterase I (pH 5.5), ASA esterase II (pH 7.4), AAF N-deacetylase and acetanilide N-deacetylase in liver. However, the activities of NPA esterase and cholinesterase remained unaffected. Evaluation of induction kinetics demonstrated that the pattern and magnitude of responses of these microsomal hydrolases to mancozeb treatment for 7 days were comparable to those obtained after treatment for 30 days. The activities of hydrolases were not altered in animals killed 4 hr after an oral dose of mancozeb. Mancozeb did not affect these hydrolases in vitro.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1990

[The estrogenic effect of the fungicide Novozír MN 80 on the uterus in neonatal rats].

The estrogenic effect of the ethylenebisdithiocarbamate fungicide Novozír MN 80 (Duslo, Sal') was studied by means of the screening method determining the reproductive risk of chemical substances, recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency. Compared to intact controls, a significant increase in relative uterine weight was recorded in the group of animals which received 1/25 of the maximal tolerable concentration of Novozír MN 80. Compared to negative controls (Tween 80), the relative uterine weight was increased significantly after administration of 1/25 and 1/50 of the maximal tolerable concentration of Novozír MN 80. On histologic examination the cuboidal epithelium of the mucous membrane was found to be changed into columnar epithelium, with uneven distribution of enlarged nuclei in the vacuolized cytoplasm. At 1/25 maximal tolerable concentration thickening of the uterine wall was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The response of Fusarium oxysporum to dithane M-45 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The interaction of the fungicide Dithane M-45 (active ingredient mancozeb), with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain not sensitive to the compound, was studied. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced a fungicidal compound inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. Simultaneously Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded the EBIS (ethyleneisothiocyaniane) formed from the spontaneous decomposition of the fungicide which is highly toxic for Fusarium oxysporum. When the fungicide was used as seed dressing together with the bacteria the inhibition of the fungus was reduced to the interaction of both fungicidal compounds.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1988

Failure of phenobarbitone to potentiate the adverse effects of two ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides.

The effects of Mancozeb and Zineb, two dithiocarbamate fungicides used to protect vegetables, on rat thyroid and liver function were studied in an acute and a chronic trial. These compounds may be spontaneously or metabolically transformed to ethylene thiourea, a goitrogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic molecule. Sex linked differences in sensitivity and the possibility that toxicity might be potentiated through induction of the microsomal drug metabolising system by phenobarbitone were investigated. When compared with the findings of Ugazio et al. (1985) on the toxicity of ethylene thiourea, the results obtained in this study, bearing in mind the doses employed and the fact that no potentiation by phenobarbitone was observed, suggest that the risks associated with exposure to these two fungicides are less severe than had been supposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Microorganisms growing on the inner surfaces of prefabricated houses and their control].

Microorganisms which isolated from the plasters of prefabricated houses, constructed by Yübetaş company in Oran Ankara Were examined. As a result of isolations, Alternaria, Penicillium and Stemphylium species of fungi were founded on the plasters. The growth of the fungi was tested on Agrisan megess and Dyo Sadosan make plastic wall paints and it was found that these fungi showed a profuse growth in the former make paint, but not in the second one. When mancozeb (Dithan-M-45) in 0.2% and copper oxychloride (Mavi Bakir Sandoz) in 0.5% were added to the plaster the growth of the fungi were completely prevented, but Wettable powder sulfur in 0.4% did not prevent their growth but stimulated it.

Alternaria↗