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PubMed2003

Immunohistochemical analysis of B-cell lymphoma using tissue microarrays identifies particular phenotypic profiles of B-cell lymphomas.

AIMS: To validate the applicability of tissue microarray (TM) in immunohistochemical profiling of B-cell lymphoma and to identify particular phenotypic profiles of B-cell neoplasms. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-two diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBL), 54 follicular lymphomas (FL) and 74 mantle cell lymphomas (MCL) were arrayed. Immunohistochemical stains of TM were compared with immunostains of conventional, formalin-fixed and frozen material sections. Concordant staining results were obtained in more than 88% of cases for CD20, CD3, CD5, CD10, CD23, Bcl-2, IgD, secretory differentiation, p53 and p21 expression. Prognostically relevant hot-spot expression of Ki67 yielded concordant results in 71%. Applying TM for characterization of p27KIP1 expression, both typical and blastoid MCL only rarely showed p27KIP1 expression (9% and 15%), whereas 32% of nodal DLBL were p27KIP1-positive, irrespective of high proliferative activity. Among 22 B-cell lymphomas investigated genetically, a p53 + p21- immunophenotype in >20% of tumour cells correlated with p53 locus deletion. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphoma TM allows for immunohistochemical profiling of human B-cell lymphoma with a comparable accuracy to immunohistochemical studies performed on conventional tissue sections. Nodal DLBLs showed significantly more frequent expression of IgD and p27KIP1 than extranodal DLBL. MCL and DLBL frequently showed aberrant p27KIP1 expression. A p53 + p21- immunophenotype in >20% of tumour cells in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma correlates with p53 gene deletion.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1997

Regression of gastric MALT lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori is predicted by endosonographic staging. MALT Lymphoma Study Group.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Recent studies suggest that eradication of Helicobacter pylori may result in complete regression of low-grade lymphoma of the gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Which patients benefit from this treatment is unknown. The aim of this study was to prospectively study whether staging by echoendoscopy predicts the outcome of treatment of MALT lymphoma by eradication of H. pylori. METHODS: Twenty-two patients positive for H. pylori with low-grade gastric B-cell MALT lymphoma were examined by echoendoscopy at the time of diagnosis. Treatment for H. pylori consisted of a 2-week course of oral omeprazole and amoxicillin. Patients were followed up by endoscopy and biopsy. RESULTS: H. pylori was eradicated in all patients. Complete regression of MALT lymphoma was observed in 12 patients (54%), partial regression in 5 patients (23%), and no response in 5 patients (23%) during follow-up. Twelve of 14 patients with lymphoma restricted to the mucosa or submucosa (stage E-I1) at echoendoscopy, but none of the 10 patients with higher stage (P < 0.01), showed complete regression of MALT lymphoma. In stage E-I1 patients, the probability of complete regression of lymphoma was 60% at 6, 79% at 12, and reached 100% at 14 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Staging of gastric low-grade MALT lymphomas by endoscopic ultrasonography allows prediction of the response to therapy by eradication of H. pylori.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Differential mobilization of CD34+ cells and lymphoma cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients mobilized with different growth factors.

Co-mobilization of CD34(+) cells and tumor has been documented in patients with different types of cancer undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Conflicting reports were published regarding the role of various growth factors in tumor cells mobilization, hence we studied the extent of CD34(+) cells and lymphoma cell mobilization in 35 non-Hodgkin's (NHL) patients primed by cyclophosphamide (Cy) in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) (A, 13 patients), granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF (B, 10 patients), or GM-CSF followed by G-CSF (C, 12 patients). CD34(+) cells were quantitated by flow cytometry and lymphoma cells by the TaqMan Real Time PCR for bcl-2 gene rearrangement. Successful collection in 4 days of > or = 2 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg needed for prompt engraftment was obtained in 76%, 60%, and 58% of patients in arms A, B, and C, respectively. Lymphoma cell mobilization was detected in 35% patients tested, 78% of which had follicular lymphoma. Lymphoma cell mobilization was similar in the three arms of the study, however, presence of lymphoma cells was prevalent in patients who failed to mobilize the amount of 0.4 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg in 2 days ("poor mobilizers") and reached 42%, compared to 17% in the "successful mobilizers" group of patients. Lymphoma cell contamination in PBSCs was detected proportionately in the peripheral blood and in the bone marrow. We conclude that bcl-2 gene rearrangement is prevalent in patients with follicular histology, and, in these patients, an inverse relationship was observed between mobilization of CD34(+) cells and lymphoma cells. Our results explain the high relative risk (1.98) for mobilization in patients with follicular histology.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy--type of T-cell lymphoma with a high content of epithelioid cells. Histopathology and comparison with lymphoepithelioid cell lymphoma.

A peripheral T-cell lymphoma with a high content of epithelioid cells--an entity that reveals morphologic and clinical characteristics resembling those seen in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD)--was separated from lymphoepithelioid cell lymphoma (Lennert's lymphoma, or LeL); it was considered a variant of the AILD type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (AILD-PTCLep). A histologic evaluation of 135 lymph node biopsies from 98 patients with AILD-PTCLep showed that AILD-PTCLep and LeL share certain features, but there are also differences between the two. A finding common to both lymphomas was the mixture of neoplastic T-lymphocytes and a large number of epithelioid cells, which accumulated mostly in small, poorly defined clusters. Additionally, typical Sternberg-Reed and Hodgkin cells as well as giant cells resembling them were observed only rarely in either of these lymphomas. In contrast to LeL, AILD-PTCLep showed a great increase in follicular dendritic cells, which were sometimes identifiable in routine slides as so-called burned-out germinal centers. In AILD-PTCLep, the number of small vessels (predominantly epithelioid venules) and fibers is also usually greatly increased, whereas in LeL this is not the case, or the increase is only slight. Hypocellular and lymphocyte-depleted areas and PAS-positive intercellular material were seen in AILD-PTCLep (18% and 34%, respectively), but not in LeL. Large numbers of eosinophils, plasma cells and plasma cell precursors, and diffuse neoplastic infiltration of the capsule and extranodal tissue were observed much more commonly in AILD-PTCLep. Corresponding to these differences in the histologic pictures are differences in the clinical pictures. Hyperimmune phenomena (pruritus, skin rash, hemolytic anemia, allergy to antibiotics) and hypergammaglobulinemia were much more common in AILD-PTCLep than in LeL. Allergy to chemotherapeutic agents was observed only in AILD-PTCLep patients. Carcinomas were observed as a second neoplasm in 11% of the patients with AILD-PTCLep, but not at all in LeL. The similarities between the two lymphomas include the age and sex distribution (peak in the seventh decade and slight predominance of the male sex) and a similar median survival time. Another similarity is the possibility that the disease will develop into a large-cell malignant lymphoma. This was observed in 13% of the cases of AILD-PTCLep and 8% of the cases of LeL.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1992

Demonstration of clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in cutaneous B-cell lymphomas and pseudo-B-cell lymphomas: differential diagnostic and pathogenetic aspects.

Twenty-five patients with a benign or malignant cutaneous B-cell lymphoproliferative disease, including seven cutaneous pseudo-B-cell lymphomas, eight primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCL), and 10 secondary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, were investigated for the presence of clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements using Southern blot hybridization analysis. The selection of pseudo-B-cell lymphomas was based on the presence of polyclonal light-chain expression with immunohistochemical analysis. All cases of CBCL demonstrated monotypic light-chain expression or absence of detectable Ig on CD20+ B cells. Clonal rearrangements of one or more Ig genes were demonstrated in four of seven cases of cutaneous pseudo-B-cell lymphomas, six of eight cases of primary CBCL, and in all cases of secondary CBCL. The observation that cutaneous pseudo-B-cell lymphomas as defined by immunohistochemical criteria often contain occult monoclonal B-cell populations implies that differentiating between pseudo-B-cell lymphomas and CBCL is not always possible by means of gene-rearrangement analysis. These findings may support the concept that cutaneous pseudo-B-cell lymphomas and primary CBCL are part of a continuous and progressive spectrum of B-cell lymphoproliferative skin disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Role of selectins in the triggering, growth, and dissemination of T-lymphoma cells: implication of L-selectin in the growth of thymic lymphoma.

We previously showed that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression by the host is essential for lymphoma dissemination. Because selectins usually act in a coordinated fashion with ICAM-1 in the recruitment of circulating normal cells, we investigated their implication in lymphomagenesis and metastasis. Using selectin-deficient mice, we found that though the absence of E-, P-, or L-selectins did not affect the triggering of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma, the absence of L-selectin on lymphoma cells reduced their capacity to grow in the thymus. This defect, however, was overcome by altering the integrity of the L-selectin-mediated interactions in the thymus, as shown in L-selectin-deficient mice and by adoptive transfer experiments. We also found that lack of selectin expression by the host significantly delayed the dissemination of lymphomas to peripheral tissues. This resistance of selectin-deficient mice to lymphoma metastasis was dependent on the intrinsic properties of lymphoma cells because highly tumorigenic variants were insensitive to the absence of selectins. Observations that lymphoma cells disseminate with the same efficiency in normal and selectin-deficient mice suggest that selectins exert their influence at the posthoming stage of metastasis, as does ICAM-1. These results provide definitive evidence that selectins play a significant role at different steps of T-cell lymphoma development.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Bone marrow involvement by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the clinical significance of morphologic discordance between the lymph node and bone marrow. Nebraska Lymphoma Study Group.

Bone marrow specimens from 317 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) obtained at initial staging were evaluated for the presence of lymphoma or benign lymphoid aggregates. Thirty-two percent (102 patients) had lymphoma in their bone marrow, and 9% had benign lymphoid aggregates. Bone marrow lymphoma was present in 39% of low-grade, 36% of intermediate-grade, and 18% of high-grade lymphomas. The bone marrow was involved in 25% of patients with diffuse large-cell or immunoblastic NHL (ie, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma of Rappaport). Bone marrow involvement did not affect survival of patients with low-grade NHL, but survival was significantly shorter (P = .03) for patients with intermediate- and high-grade NHL with bone marrow involvement. Bone marrow involvement was equally common in B-cell and T-cell NHL (31% v 32%). However, patients with T-cell NHL and bone marrow involvement had shorter survival than B-cell NHL with marrow involvement (P = .02) or T-cell NHL without marrow involvement (P = .05). A high incidence of morphologic discordance between lymph node and bone marrow was observed (ie, 40%), always with a more aggressive subtype in the lymph node than in the bone marrow. Presence of large-cell lymphoma in the bone marrow predicted for short survival. Survival for patients with small-cell lymphoma in their bone marrow did not differ significantly from patients with negative bone marrows. We conclude that bone marrow involvement in large-cell NHL, especially in those of T-cell origin, portends a poor prognosis. However, the subgroup of patients with an aggressive histologic subtype of NHL in a lymph node biopsy and small-cell NHL in the bone marrow do not have a poorer outlook than those without bone marrow involvement.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2004

Primary B-cell lymphoma of the skin: the Sheffield Lymphoma Group Experience (1984-2003).

The clinical presentation, treatment and outcome were retrospectively evaluated in a series of 66 patients with primary B-cell lymphoma of the skin, referred to the Sheffield lymphoma group (SLG) between 1984 and 2003. This is the largest series reported from the UK. The lymphoma database was searched and clinical records were reviewed. Absence of any detectable extracutaneous lesion and the expression of B-cell restricted antigens by neoplastic cells were the essential criteria for selection of cases. The cohort included 37 (56%) males and 29 (44%) females with a mean age of 59 years. The most commonly involved site was the trunk and the disorder typically showed non-aggressive clinical behaviour; the majority of the patients presented with stage I (82%) disease with a tendency to remain localised to a limited area of the skin. Follicular lymphoma was the most common histologic subtype (35%), the next most frequent was the diffuse large cell lymphoma (32%) whereas marginal zone lymphoma constituted 15%. The majority (47%) of patients were treated with radiotherapy for localised disease whereas chemotherapy was given in 20% of patients, with single agent chlorambucil being most frequently used. Surgical excision as the sole modality of treatment was adequate in 33%. Disease-free survival (DFS) was 91% at 1 year, 82% at 2 years and 60% at 5 years. DFS was significantly lower with older age (>45 years), leg lesions, generalised and multiple lesions, and for those treated with chemotherapy. The survival at 5 and 10 years was 80%. The histologic grade, leg involvement and the number of lesions were the most significant variables affecting overall survival. Only 7 patients died of lymphoma. In conclusion, primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma represents a specific entity concerning clinical behaviour, response to treatment, and overall prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Composite lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus: a case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of a 65-year-old black man with combined Hodgkin lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma. The patient presented with diffuse lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Subsequent biopsy of an axillary lymph node revealed a composite lymphoma composed of classic Hodgkin lymphoma and a peripheral T-cell lymphoma. A needle biopsy of the liver also showed involvement by the composite lymphoma. In situ hybridization studies revealed positive Epstein-Barr virus in Reed-Sternberg cells. Development of T-cell lymphoma following chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma has been reported, but synchronous composite occurrence of both lesions is very rare. Furthermore, this is the first report of such occurrence in a black patient. We present a review of the literature and a discussion of the potential pathophysiologic role of Epstein-Barr virus in the early stages of T-cell lymphomagenesis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

EMMPRIN (CD 147) is expressed in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. An immunohistochemical study of 60 cases.

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in tumor invasion and metastatic spread. Expression of metalloproteinases is induced by the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). Their activity can be inhibited by several tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP1-to-4). Whereas TIMP-1 expression is described for high-grade malignant lymphomas and seems to be correlated with unfavourable prognosis, there are no data on the expression of EMMPRIN in malignant lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated 60 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma for TIMP-1 and EMMPRIN expression using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: EMMPRIN was expressed in all but four cases. EMMPRIN and TIMP-1 were co-expressed in two-thirds of the Hodgkin's lymphomas and anaplastic large cell lymphomas. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the expression of EMMPRIN in malignant lymphoma. We speculate that EMMPRIN and TIMP-1 may be important in the pathogenesis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with sarcoidosis (the sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome)].

A-31-year-old man with right cervical and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy was admitted in March, 1991. He was diagnosed as having muscular sarcoidosis at the age 8 year, and was treated with corticosteroids. Since age 18, his skin was erythematous and ulcerous, and later his skin became gradually atrophic. Lymph node biopsy revealed diffused large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Lymphoma cells showed TCR-beta gene rearrangement by Southern blot hybridization. His lymphoma was refractory to CHOP and CHOP-Bleo regimens. Complete remission was achieved with cisplatin and etoposide. However, early relapse occurred, and he died of pulmonary hemorrhage 4 months after the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's T-cell lymphoma. The so called "sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome" is uncommon in Japan. In 9 of 10 cases previously reported, malignant lymphoma occurred during the course of sarcoidosis. Most of the sarcoidosis cases were chronic active type, and required systemic administration of corticosteroids. Hodgkin's disease coexistent with sarcoidosis as reported in other countries, was not found in Japan. These findings suggest that the low incidence of sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome in our country is due to the relative rareness of Hodgkin's disease. The sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome possibly appears as a consequence of immunological abnormalities observed in sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a relatively common type of T-cell lymphoma in Sjögren's syndrome.

An increased risk of developing lymphoma has been indicated in Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and the lymphomas in SS are usually B-cell type in origin. Interestingly, despite the rather low frequency of T-cell lymphoma in SS, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILD) constitute the majority of T-cell lymphomas associated with SS. To the best of our knowledge, including our case, at least 11 out of 23 (48%) cases of T-cell lymphoma reported in association with SS, were AILD. The fact that the development of B-cell lymphoma in SS is much more frequent than that of T-cell lymphoma, might be explained by differences in the situation between B and T cells, although the exact mechanism still remains uncertain.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

[Early combined carcinoma and malignant lymphoma in the stomach associated with tonsillar malignant lymphoma--report of a case].

This report deals with a histologic demonstration of a combined tumor of early signet ring cell carcinoma and lymphoma of the stomach in a 52-year-old Japanese man. The Gastric carcinoma was found by a systemic work up for a tonsillar lymphoma. The relationship between the malignant lymphomas of the stomach and of the tonsil is not clear in this case. The carcinoma and lymphoma of the stomach were both small, and the depth of invasion was localized to the mucosa and submucosa, respectively. The lymphoma was observed just beneath the cancer and was a diffuse, large cell type, and of the same histologic typing as the tonsillar lymphoma. Based on the broader size of the carcinoma, it is considered that the carcinoma probably induced the lymphoma in the stomach. This of an early combined tumor of carcinoma and lymphoma of the stomach is, to our knowledge, the first to be reported in the literature.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1988

An established CD4+ T lymphoma cell line derived from a patient with so-called Lennert's lymphoma: possible roles of cytokines in histopathogenesis.

A T lymphoma cell line, KT-3, was established from the peripheral blood of a patient with so-called Lennert's lymphoma when the patient developed leukemic lymphoma. The KT-3 cells stain positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, PAS, and acid phosphatase. The surface phenotype is E rosette-positive, CD1-, CD2+, CD3-, CD4+, CD5+, CD8-, CD11-, CD20-, CD25 (anti-Tac)+, OKla-1+, HNK-1-, J-5-, and My9-, and the surface membrane immunoglobulin is negative, which is almost the same phenotype as the leukemic cells studied when the culture was started. Southern blot analysis showed rearrangement in both beta and gamma T cell receptor genes. Although KT-3 cells proliferate spontaneously and form clusters, they cease proliferating when they are cultured at low cell densities. They proliferate vigorously in response to macrophages, macrophage-derived factor, or recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) added to the culture. Furthermore, they secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) spontaneously, and the secretion is augmented when they are stimulated with macrophage-derived factor. The macrophage-derived factor enhancing KT-3 cell growth is different from IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, or IFN-gamma. To our knowledge, this is the first tumor cell line established from a patient with Lennert's lymphoma. The results conclusively confirmed that, at the least, Lennert's lymphoma included CD4+ T lymphoma and also suggested that cytokines or factors secreted by T lymphoma cells and epithelioid histiocytes play an important role in the histopathogenesis of Lennert's lymphoma.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

Leu 7 (CD57) reactivity distinguishes nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease from nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease, T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma.

Several recent reports have suggested that nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease (NLPHD) may be distinct from other forms of Hodgkin's disease and may be more closely related to B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This is primarily based on immunophenotypic studies that have shown that the L & H cells in NLPHD demonstrate a B-cell phenotype. In 1989, Poppema reported that the T cells in NLPHD differ from T cells in other forms of Hodgkin's disease in that they demonstrate reactivity for Leu 7 (CD57). In this study we tested the hypothesis that Leu 7 (CD57) reactivity of small lymphocytes in NLPHD is an immunophenotypic feature that distinguishes NLPHD from nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease and from certain B-cell lymphomas that may histologically simulate NLPHD, namely T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Using an image analysis method, we found Leu 7 (CD57) reactivity in an average of 18.9% of the small lymphocytes in the nodules of NLPHD compared with 3.9% in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease, 4.3% in T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma, and 2.1% in follicular lymphoma. Moreover, Leu 7 (CD57)-reactive small lymphocytes often showed a distinctive pattern in NLPHD, forming a ring of cells around the large L & H cells. While scattered Leu 7 (CD57)-reactive lymphocytes were found in the other disorders, the percentage of reactive cells and the pattern of reactivity were significantly different in NLPHD. These results suggest that Leu 7 (CD57) reactivity may be used as an additional immunophenotypic criterion in distinguishing NLPHD from nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease, T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma. The clinical and biological significance of Leu 7 (CD57) reactivity of small lymphocytes in NLPHD merits further investigation.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1996

Prednimustine, mitoxantrone (PmM) vs cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone (COP) for the treatment of advanced low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group.

The current study was initiated to compare the anti-lymphoma activity and side-effects of prednimustine/mitoxantrone (PmM) vs cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone (COP) in patients with advanced low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in way of a prospective randomized multicenter trial. Two hundred and forty-six patients with stage III or IV centroblastic-centrocytic (CB-CC (Kiel-classification)) or follicle center lymphoma (FCL (REAL classification)) and centrocytic (CC) or mantle-cell-lymphoma (MCL) were randomized for therapy with either PmM or COP and are fully evaluable for response and toxicity. PmM consisted of prednimustine 100 mg/m2/day on days 1-5 and mitoxantrone 8 mg/m2 /day days 1 and 2, while COP comprised cyclophosphamide 400 mg/m2/day on days 1-5, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2/day on day 1 and prednisone 100 mg/m2/day on days 1-5. Both regimens were repeated for a total of six cycles followed by an additional two courses for consolidation in responding cases and a subsequent second randomization for interferon alpha maintenance vs observation only. Overall response rates were comparable with 83% complete and partial remissions after COP and 84% remissions after PmM. PmM revealed a significantly higher rate of complete remissions (36 vs 18%, P < 0.006), the majority being achieved after four courses. The more rapid and possibly also more effective reduction of the lymphoma cell mass by PmM resulted in a tendency to a longer event-free interval for patients achieving remissions after PmM as compared to COP with estimated median event-free intervals of 31 vs 14 months, respectively (P=0.04). Separate analysis of lymphoma subtypes showed a tendency to a lower rate of complete remission in CC or MCL as compared to CB-CC or FCL (16 vs 30%, P=0.12, NS) while overall response rates were in a similar range (81 vs 85%). In both subtypes, PmM induced a higher rate of complete remission while overall response rates were comparable after PmM or COP. Treatment associated side-effects comprised predominantly myelosuppression and granulocytopenia in particular which was more frequently observed after PmM than COP (43 vs 31 %, P < 0.0001). This difference was clinically irrelevant, however, since serious infectious complications were encountered in less than 3% of cycles after both regimens. COP therapy was associated with a significantly higher incidence and degree of hair loss and complete alopecia (31 vs 2%) as well as of peripheral neurotoxicity (23 vs 2%). These data show that both PmM and COP reveal a high anti-lymphoma activity in patients with advanced stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PmM appears advantageous with a higher rate of complete remissions and a better tolerability with regard to secondary side-effects. A longer follow-up is needed to assess the long-term effects of initial treatment on disease-free and overall survival and the impact on additional maintenance therapy with interferon alpha.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Activity of menogaril against various malignant lymphoma cell lines and a human lymphoma xenograft in mice.

Menogaril is an antitumor agent different from other anthracyclines in that it is active after oral administration; therefore, extravasation is not a side effect. In this basic study, we examined the antitumor activity of menogaril against malignant lymphoma. We compared its activity towards experimental malignant lymphoma with that of Adriamycin, epirubicin, pirarubicin, vincristine, and etoposide, treating mice with each drug at the dose schedule usually used for patients. Menogaril rapidly penetrated lymphoma cells and remained there at least 3 hours after the drug was washed out. Menogaril cleaved more double-stranded DNA in lymphoma cells than Adriamycin, epirubicin, pirarubicin, or etoposide. Menogaril had stronger antitumor activity against experimental malignant lymphoma in mice than Adriamycin, epirubicin, vincristine, and etoposide. Menogaril significantly lengthened the life span of mice bearing one of three lymphoma cell lines resistant to cisplatin, vincristine, or cyclophosphamide. Menogaril had stronger antitumor activity against the human malignant lymphoma xenograft LM-3 than Adriamycin. The strength of the cytotoxic activity of Menogaril might arise from its ready penetration into cells and its cleavage of double-stranded DNA. Therefore, Menogaril might become a useful drug for the treatment of patients with malignant lymphoma by oral administration; 7 days of administration was effective in the in vivo experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

[Follicular and mantle cell lymphoma. Extranodal involvement of primarily nodal indolent B-cell lymphomas].

Indolent (low-grade) B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, such as follicular and mantle cell lymphomas, are primarily nodal lymphomas in which lymph node involvement is the dominant clinical feature. The frequency of extranodal manifestations of these primarily nodal lymphomas is often underestimated. The typical growth pattern of nodal lymphomas can be absent or not evaluable because the biopsy specimens are often small in cases with extranodal involvement. Therefore, the immunophenotype of the lymphoma cells is of great importance for the diagnosis of indolent lymphomas with extranodal localizations.

Biopsy↗