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PubMed2003

1927 reference in the new millennium: where is the Automat?

James Ballard, director at the Boston Medical Library, tracked questions he received at the reference desk in 1927 to recognize the trend of queries and to record the information for future use. He presented a paper on reference services that listed sixty of his reference questions at the Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Medical Library Association (MLA) in 1927. During a two-month period in 2001, the authors examined Ballard's questions by attempting to answer them with print sources from the 1920s and with the Internet. The searchers answered 85% of the questions with the Internet and 80% with 1920s reference sources. The authors compared Internet and 1920s print resources for practical use. When answering the questions with 1920s resources, the searchers rediscovered a time in health sciences libraries when there was no Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, no standardized subject headings, and no comprehensive listings of available books. Yet, the authors found many of the 1920s reference materials to be quite useful and often multifunctional. The authors recorded observations regarding the impact of automation on answering reference questions. Even though the Internet has changed the outward appearance of reference services, many things remain the same.

History, 20th Century↗

PubMed2002

Medical informatics education: an alternative pathway for training informationists.

Recognition of the growing complexity of health information needs has led to a call for the creation of a new health care professional, the informationist. Controversy exists as to the role of such individuals and what their training should be. A library science degree, augmented with clinical background or experience, is one pathway. Another to consider is training in medical informatics. With the right coursework, individuals trained in medical informatics should be equally well qualified to assume the role of informationists.

Career Choice↗

PubMed1983

Penetrating the information maze.

Advances in library science have led to efficient and expedient methodologies for the acquisition of medical/basic scientific information. These advances provide an opportunity for physicians and librarians to strengthen their bonds of communality so that ultimately technology will serve to link them ever more firmly. This opportunity will be realized only if physicians and librarians continue to maintain open communication channels. In this technological age, social scientists are promulgating the message that, in this era of accelerated changes, the beneficiaries of technology are well advised to emphasize interpersonal relations to the utmost.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMed1990

Medical information for Alabama rural physicians.

Physicians practicing outside of Alabama's urban medical centers often have difficulty obtaining medical information for patient care. This article describes how Alabama's rural physicians may gain access to the biomedical literature needed for patient care using personal collections, communications technology, and libraries. A table in the paper lists health sciences libraries in the state which may provide consultative and information services.

Alabama↗

PubMed2001

Raising the bar: the importance of hospital library standards in the continuing medical education accreditation process.

The Connecticut State Medical Society (CSMS) reviews and accredits the continuing medical education (CME) programs offered by Connecticut's hospitals. As part of the survey process, the CSMS assesses the quality of the hospitals' libraries. In 1987, the CSMS adopted the Medical Library Association's (MLA's) "Minimum Standards for Health Sciences Libraries in Hospitals." In 1990, professional librarians were added to the survey team and, later, to the CSMS CME Committee. Librarians participating in this effort are recruited from the membership of the Connecticut Association of Health Sciences Librarians (CAHSL). The positive results of having a qualified librarian on the survey team and the invaluable impact of adherence to the MLA standards are outlined. As a direct result of this process, hospitals throughout the state have added staffing, increased space, and added funding for resources during an era of cutbacks. Some hospital libraries have been able to maintain a healthy status quo, while others have had proposed cuts reconsidered by administrators for fear of losing valuable CME accreditation status. Creating a relationship with an accrediting agency is one method by which hospital librarians elsewhere may strengthen their efforts to ensure adequate library resources in an era of downsizing. In addition, this collaboration has provided a new and important role for librarians to play on an accreditation team.

Accreditation↗

PubMed1994

Physician-patient communication from the perspective of library and information science.

The physician-patient communication process has received little attention from library and information science (LIS) professionals. A limited review of other literature on this topic was undertaken to gain some understanding of the information exchange from an LIS perspective. The authors were interested in four issues, including how information is defined; how information-seeking behavior is portrayed; what barriers to information exist in the exchange process; and what role, if any, information plays in health outcomes. Studies have been conducted by researchers in various disciplines who have defined communication as a giving and seeking activity between the physician and the patient. Barriers to good communication, erected by either party or by both, prevent the participants from experiencing a satisfactory encounter. Because information can play a role in health outcomes, various strategies have been tried to improve the communication process. These studies provide a better understanding of the physician-patient encounter and suggest new areas of patient-centered research for LIS professionals.

Canada↗

PubMed2001

Designing a library: everyone on the same page?

Excerpts are presented from an interview by the Bulletin of the Medical Library Association buildings projects editor with four academic health sciences library directors: one who had recently completed a major library building project and three who were involved in various stages of new building projects. They share their experiences planning for and implementing library-building programs. The interview explores driving forces leading to new library buildings, identifies who should be involved, recalls the most difficult and exciting moments of the building projects, relates what they wished they had known before starting the project, assesses the impact of new library facilities on clients and services, reviews what they would change, and describes forces impacting libraries today and attributes of the twenty-first century library.

Architecture↗

PubMed1994

Reorganization: premises, processes, and pitfalls.

As the technological environment changes and libraries assume new and more active roles in their institutions, the traditional library hierarchy ceases to be an effective organizational structure. Guided by theories that emphasize teamwork, quality, and employee empowerment and participation, libraries are developing flatter, more networked organizations. The Health Sciences Library at Columbia University in New York, New York, recently underwent a reorganization in an effort to become a more resilient, more flexible organization. The process was beneficial overall. While some errors and confusion occurred, these are seen as opportunities for learning and evidence of the library's new atmosphere of creativity and experimentation.

Hospital Restructuring↗

PubMed1987

The contribution of hospital library information services to clinical care: a study in eight hospitals.

Hospital health sciences libraries represent, for the vast majority of health professionals, the most accessible source for library information and services. Most health professionals do not have available the specialized services of a clinical medical librarian, and rely instead upon general information services for their case-related information needs. The ability of the hospital library to meet these needs and the impact of the information on quality patient care have not been previously examined. A study was conducted in eight hospitals in the Chicago area as a quality assurance project. A total of 176 physicians, nurses, and other health professionals requested information from their hospital libraries related to a current case or clinical situation. They then assessed the quality of information received, its cognitive value, its contribution to patient care, and its impact on case management. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents asserted that they would definitely or probably handle their cases differently as a result of the information provided by the library. Almost all rated the libraries' performance and response highly. An overview of the context and purpose of the study, its methods, selected results, limitations, and conclusions are presented here, as is a review of selected earlier research.

Allied Health Personnel↗

PubMed2000

The Research Funding Service: a model for expanded library services.

Traditionally, libraries have provided a modest amount of information about grants and funding opportunities to researchers in need of research funding. Ten years ago, the University of Washington (UW) Health Sciences Libraries and Information Center joined in a cooperative effort with the School of Medicine to develop a complete, library-based grant and funding service for health sciences researchers called the Research Funding Service. The library provided space, access to the library collection, equipment, and electronic resources, and the School of Medicine funded staff and operations. The range of services now includes individual consultation appointments, an extensive Web site, classes on funding database searching and writing grant applications, a discussion series that frequently hosts guest speakers, a monthly newsletter with funding opportunities of interest to the six health sciences schools, extensive files on funding sources, and referral services.

Libraries, Medical↗

PubMed1989

The vertical file enters the electronic age.

Vertical files are revered institutions in many libraries. The reference staff at the Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library at the University of Utah automated their vertical file and made the information in it accessible via the Library's Integrated Library System. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were applied to vertical files and simple records leading to them were entered in the Library's online catalog. Electronic access to the vertical file increases the availability of concepts too new to be in medical books and permits the Library to meet the needs of lay patrons searching for basic information on popular health care topics.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMed1991

A paradigm for the next millennium: health information science.

Although historically a major concern of both the artist and the scientist was the observation of nature, the two disciplines split when science became more wedded to mathematics and quantification. Today, with visualization, art and science can again together provide a view of the natural world. A prototype curriculum for a new multidisciplinary science--Health Information Science--incorporates aspects of computer science, cognitive psychology, bioengineering, biomedical visualization, medicine, dentistry, anthropology, mathematics, library science, and the visual arts.

Art↗

PubMed1983

Linking the physical past to the program future: new library addition at the Medical College of Georgia.

Planning the addition to an existing health sciences library building involved problems not normally encountered in planning a totally new structure. Some of the problems in combining the old and new buildings of the Medical College of Georgia Library and their resolution are discussed in this paper. Emphasized in particular is the relationship between institutional goals, library goals, and the library building.

Facility Design and Construction↗

PubMed2001

No more tours: how library tours of the past become today's celebrations.

In 1999, Northwestern University's Galter Health Sciences Library redesigned the library orientation program for first-year medical students. Surveys indicated tours were ineffective and students retained little of the information presented. Furthermore, the tour was not related to the student's curriculum and did not reinforce their learning objectives. As a replacement, the library staff developed a self-directed two-hour library open house. Stations throughout the library showcased the library staff, services, and resources, focusing on the first-year student curriculum. A follow-up survey found this redesign more useful and relevant to the students' course work, indicating libraries should be creating more interactive tours for students allowing them to learn actively.

Chicago↗

PubMed2001

Do you Mini-Med School? Leveraging library resources to improve Internet consumer health information literacy.

Popular for engaging public interest in medical science while promoting health awareness, Mini-Med School (MMS) programs also afford important if largely unrealized opportunities to improve the health information literacy of attendees. With a growing population using the Internet to make health decisions, needed venues for improving Internet Consumer Health Information (CHI) literacy may be found in the MMS platform. Surveyed directors of MMS programs understand the need to include CHI, and successful programs at SUNY Stony Brook and elsewhere demonstrate the potential for collaboration with affiliated health sciences libraries to integrate CHI instruction into MMS curricula.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMed1983

Library-media production interface.

This article presents a detailed discussion of the roles of the health sciences library and the media production service personnel in providing a standardized system for accessing audiovisual and video in-house produced software. A worksheet and guidelines for collecting complete bibliographic information for these programs are also included.

Audiovisual Aids↗

PubMed1977

Providing library services in a time of fiscal crisis: alternatives.

The nature of the fiscal crisis in health science libraries in the United States is in part due to the style of management in these libraries, in part due to the lack of user identification, in part due to the lack of economically valid fees for service, and in part due to the success of the Biomedical Communications Network. These issues are discussed in terms of how they might be approached. A pragmatic stance is advocated for practitioners, the MLA, the NLM, and library schools to jointly address the questions raised.

Economics↗

PubMed1994

The evolution of research library buildings.

The principles of research library building planning established in the late 1940s emphasized flexibility of design; interspersal of books and readers; collaboration between librarians and architects; and an increased role for the library in education. Planning a medical research library in today's electronic environment requires attention to these principles as well as dealing with new and emerging technologies; economic constrains; new modes of scholarly research and communication; and the convergence of library science and information services on the campus. The social role of the library and the celebration of the book are factors common to both generations.

Architecture↗