SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

[5 years' experience in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma using cryocoagulation. I. Development of intraocular pressure].

The authors evaluate the results of reduction of intraocular pressure in 38 eyes with neovascular glaucoma after a cryosurgical operation. In 12 eyes they used cyclocryocoagulation as an independent method, in 26 eyes transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation combined with cyclocryocoagulation in one session. The achieved results indicate, that intraocular pressure in neovascular glaucoma can be influenced more readily by a combined cryosurgical operation than by cyclocryocoagulation alone. When using transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation in combination with cyclocryocoagulation, they achieved after operation an intraocular pressure under 26 mm Hg within 3 days after operation in 50%, within 10 days in 76.9%. They observed a subsequent rise of the intraocular pressure in 15%. Hypotension developed in 30.8%. A quite high percentage of eyes with extreme hypotension and subsequent atrophy of the bulbus with amourosis (27%) is according to the authors due to too extensive cyclocryocoagulation.

Cryosurgery↗

PubMed1977

Effect of lid specula and superior rectus traction on intraocular pressure.

The Pneumatonometer of Langham was used to record the effect upon intraocular pressure of a range of eyelid specula, lid sutures, and eyelid clamps. It was concluded that all methods tested produced a rise in intraocular pressure in most patients, and that the degree of rise was related to the degree to which the eyelids were separated. It was therefore recommended that a method of eyelid retraction which allows adjustment is to be preferred, and that specula which do not allow this, such as the Barraquer speculum, are not to be recommended. Traction upon the superior rectus suture was shown to lead to a considerable rise in intraocular pressure and this should therefore be avoided unless strictly necessary. The traction produced by two limbal sutures pulling tangentially downwards, rotates the eye downwards for intraocular surgery without inducing a rise in intraocular pressure. Measurement of intraocular pressure in the operating theatre is recommended in order to ascertain whether the method used to retract the eyelids or to rotate the eye to the field of surgery is having an adverse effect.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed1987

Comparison of the effects of etomidate and thiopentone on intraocular pressure.

The effects of etomidate and thiopentone on intraocular pressure were studied in 50 patients of either sex undergoing routine non-ophthalmic surgery. Both drugs decreased intraocular pressure significantly. However, etomidate induced a significantly greater decrease in intraocular pressure than did thiopentone.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Effects of mifepristone on rabbit intraocular pressure in the presence and absence of dexamethasone.

Topical dexamethasone was used to elevate rabbit intraocular pressure in order to study the interaction with a steroid antagonist, mifepristone. Dexamethasone did not cause a consistently significant increase in intraocular pressure. Animals treated with mifepristone followed by dexamethasone showed no apparent increase in intraocular pressure after dexamethasone, indeed mifepristone caused a lower intraocular pressure than seen in other groups whether in the presence or absence of dexamethasone. Reductions of intraocular pressure when mifepristone was given after 14 days of dexamethasone administration were not found. No conclusion can be reached regarding any dexamethasone antagonism by mifepristone, except that intraocular pressure tended to be lower even in the presence of dexamethasone.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed2006

Intraocular pressure during phacoemulsification.

PURPOSE: To assess changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) during standard coaxial or bimanual microincision phacoemulsification. SETTING: Oregon Eye Center, Eugene, Oregon, USA. METHODS: Bimanual microincision phacoemulsification (microphaco) was performed in 3 cadaver eyes, and standard coaxial phacoemulsification was performed in 1 cadaver eye. A pressure transducer placed in the vitreous cavity recorded IOP at 100 readings per second. The phacoemulsification procedure was broken down into 8 stages, and mean IOP was calculated across each stage. Intraocular pressure was measured during bimanual microphaco through 2 different incision sizes and with and without the Cruise Control (Staar Surgical) connected to the aspiration line. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure exceeded 60 mm Hg (retinal perfusion pressure) during both standard coaxial and bimanual microphaco procedures. The highest IOP occurred during hydrodissection, ophthalmic viscosurgical device injection, and intraocular lens insertion. For the 8 stages of the phacoemulsification procedure delineated in this study, IOP was lower for at least 1 of the bimanual microphaco eyes compared with the standard coaxial phaco eye in 4 of the stages (hydro steps, nuclear disassembly, irritation/aspiration, anterior chamber reformation). CONCLUSION: There was no consistent difference in IOP between the bimanual microphaco eyes and the eye that had standard coaxial phacoemulsification. Bimanual microincision phacoemulsification appears to be as safe as standard small incision phacoemulsification with regard to IOP.

Anterior Chamber↗

PubMed2002

[Intraocular pressure in phacoemulsification].

The authors investigated changes of the intraocular pressure after non-complicated phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens of different types (OMMA, silicone, Acrysof) in 40 patients. From the results it is obvious that in some patients already 4 hours after surgery the intraocular pressure rises to an average of 31 +/- 17 mm Hg. The magnitude of the intraocular pressure was not influenced by the size of the surgical wound nor the type of intraocular lens. In values below 30 mm Hg the authors recommend merely follow up of the patients as they assume that these values have a positive impact on closure of the tunnel incision. In the differential diagnosis it is important to consider the post-operative inflammatory reaction, the absorption reaction of residual viscoelastic material, pupillary block while the lenticular capsule is intact and undiagnosed glaucoma. In values above 30 mm Hg the authors recommend administration of beta-blockers, Diluran and antiphlogistics.

Humans↗

PubMed1997

A randomised prospective comparison of operative peripheral iridectomy and Nd:YAG laser iridotomy treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma: 3 year visual acuity and intraocular pressure control outcome.

AIM: To compare visual acuity and intraocular pressure outcomes 3 years after treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) by operative peripheral iridectomy (PI) or Nd:YAG laser iridotomy (YAG PI). METHODS: A prospective study of consecutive patients presenting to one ophthalmology department with uniocular AACG during a 2 year period. Following informed consent patients were randomised to bilateral PI or bilateral YAG PI. Three years after treatment the mean Snellen visual acuity converted to logMAR scores of the two groups was compared using the unpaired Student's t test. The number of patients with normal intraocular pressure with no further treatment in each group was compared using the chi 2 test with Yates's correction. RESULTS: 21 patients underwent bilateral PI and 27 bilateral YAG PI. Three years after treatment visual acuity was 0.30 (SD 0.28) log MAR units for PI eyes and 0.57 (0.67) logMAR units for YAG PI eyes (p = 0.08, NS). 15 (70.4%) PI eyes and 19 (71.8%) YAG PI eyes had an intraocular pressure less than 21 mm Hg with no further treatment (NS). CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in visual acuity or intraocular pressure control 3 years after treatment of AACG with PI or YAG PI.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of intraocular pressure on resistance to outflow.

As intraocular pressure is increased, facility of aqueous outflow decreases. For many years this fact was obscured by the often used procedure of experimental perfusion into the anterior chamber. Anterior chamber perfusion deepens the anterior chamber; retrodisplacement of the iris-lens diaphragm tenses the trabecular mesh with resulting facility increase and obscuration of the facility-reducing effect of pressure. The probable mechanism of facility reduction under experimental conditions is apposition of the inner wall of Schlemm's canal to the outer wall. Since facility of aqueous outflow is not constant at different intraocular pressures, application of poiseuille's law to the eye must be restricted to each pressure investigated.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Effects of angiotensin, vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide on intraocular pressure in anesthetized rats.

The effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), vasopressin (AVP) and angiotensin (ANG) on blood and intraocular pressures of pentobarbital anesthetized rats were evaluated following intravenous, intracerebroventricular or anterior chamber routes of administration. Central injections did not affect intraocular pressure. Equipressor intravenous infusions of ANG raised, whereas AVP decreased, intraocular pressure. Direct infusions of a balanced salt solution (0.175 microliter/min) raised intraocular pressure between 30 and 60 min. Adding ANG or ANP slightly reduced this solvent effect but AVP was markedly inhibitory. An AVP-V1 receptor antagonist reversed the blunting of the solvent-induced rise by the peptide, indicating receptor specificity. Acetazolamide pretreatment lowered intraocular pressure, but the solvent-induced rise in intraocular pressure and inhibition by AVP still occurred without altering the temporal pattern. Thus, these effects appear unrelated to aqueous humor synthesis rate. The data support the possibility of intraocular pressure regulation by peptides acting from the blood and aqueous humor.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intraocular pressure in myopic patients after Worst-Fechner anterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To assess intraocular pressure measured with a Goldmann tonometer over a period of 1 year after implantation of a Worst-Fechner anterior chamber phakic intraocular lens to correct myopia of -7.00 D or more. METHODS: We performed a prospective, non-masked study of 100 patients (100 myopic eyes) who had a Worst-Fechner phakic intraocular lens implanted to correct myopia of -7.00 D or greater. Central corneal Goldmann tonometry was performed before surgery and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The influence of different variables was assessed. RESULTS: IOP showed a significant increase of a mean 2.1 mmHg at 3 months after surgery (P=.001). There was not a statistically significant difference between IOP before surgery and 6 months after PIOL implantation (P=.244) or 1 year after surgery (P=.845). In one eye, the lens was explanted 11 months after surgery because of the presence of ocular hypertension. No variables studied showed a statistically significant difference from before to after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Worst-Fechner anterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation led to a slight transitory increase of intraocular pressure during the first 3 months after surgery, but returned to preoperative levels by 6 months after implantation.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

A new approach to stratified normal intraocular pressure in a general population.

Using computer-filed data for approximately 187,000 eyes of 94,000 Japanese subjects who underwent automated multiphasic tests, we studied the mean and the upper limit of intraocular pressure by stratifying the whole sample by age, systolic blood pressure, and degree of obesity. Intraocular pressure increased when systolic blood pressure or obesity increased and intraocular pressure decreased with advancing age when systolic blood pressure and the degree of obesity were kept constant. Apparent disparities in the upper limit of intraocular pressure were noted between the "obese and hypertensive" and "lean and hypotensive" groups, who were at the highest and the lowest extremes, respectively. Stratified normal intraocular pressure is a standard specifically applied for different sex, age, or other systemic conditions; however, the values for the group with the highest intraocular pressure should eventually be modified by the data for Western populations.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Regulation of intraocular pressure during cyclocryotherapy for advanced glaucoma.

Five eyes of five patients with advanced glaucoma were treated with cyclocryotherapy. Intraocular pressure was monitored by applanation tonometry during the procedure and for the first 24 hours postoperatively. Two patients underwent a standard form of treatment, and exhibited two components of acute increases in intraocular pressure as a result of the procedure. Intraoperatively, intraocular pressure increased abruptly to 60 to 80 mm Hg during the freezing phase of cyclocryotherapy and decreased to baseline levels during the thaw phase. Postoperatively, intraocular pressure increased to approximately 50 mm Hg, peaking six hours after the procedure. We devised a method of manometric regulation of intraocular pressure to prevent significant increases during cyclocryotherapy and used it in three patients. This group maintained intraocular pressures of approximately 25 mm Hg intraoperatively, and exhibited blunted postoperative increases. Manometric regulation of intraocular pressure during cyclocryotherapy for advanced glaucoma may protect seriously compromised optic nerves from further damage, and may represent a safer method of treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Postoperative intraocular pressure elevation after the use of Healon GV in pediatric cataract surgery.

Intraocular pressure elevation after the use of viscoelastic agents in uncomplicated cataract surgery has been well documented in adults. However, pediatric patients are thought to clear residual viscoelastic agents from the anterior chamber more easily than adults, presumably because of healthier trabecular meshwork. (1) We report on a series of 4 eyes of 4 children with previously normal intraocular pressure who underwent cataract extraction with primary (3 patients) or secondary (1 patient) intraocular lens implantation with Healon GV, which was complicated by marked postoperative intraocular pressure elevation (greater than 30 mm Hg). The patients, aged 5 to 14 years, had an intraocular pressure ranging from 34 to 50 mm Hg with Tonopen or applanation tonometry 1 day, postoperatively associated with nausea, eye pain, and microcystic corneal edema. Viscoelastic material was not entirely removed during surgery. Each of these cases occurred after a change in our preferred viscoelastic agent from one with less viscosity to Healon GV. Medical management controlled the elevated intraocular pressure in all cases without affecting the visual outcome. However, 1 patient with intractable nausea and vomiting required hospitalization for rehydration. With meticulous removal of all viscoelastic material at the completion of surgery, we have not documented any additional cases of postoperative pressure elevation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Individually consistent (tolerable) intraocular pressure in glaucoma].

The author has devised a technique for determining tolerable intraocular pressure; after the intake of hypotensive drugs the intraocular pressure and the optic functions (size of the blind spot, visual fields, visual acuity) are periodically checked. The lowered tonometric value which coincides with the maximum improvement in visual function is considered the individually compatible level of intraocular pressure. Determination of the individually tolerable pressure is important for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Actual intraocular pressure must not exceed the tolerable pressure by more than 5 mm Hg, otherwise the prognosis will be poor. Differential diagnosis between glaucoma, ocular hypertension, and low-tension glaucoma can be established by determining the tolerable pressure.

Glaucoma↗

PubMed1998

Vascular pathogenesis of normal-tension glaucoma: a possible pathogenetic factor, other than intraocular pressure, of glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Elevated intraocular pressure is significant in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in glaucoma, however a number of studies suggest that pressure-independent factor(s) are also associated with the pathogenesis. In this article, the significance of vascular pathogenesis in glaucoma is discussed. A brief overview of substances used to treat glaucoma, independent of an effect on intraocular pressure, such as calcium channel blockers, is also discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Relationship of intraocular pressure and fibrillopathia epitheliocapsularis.

The average intraocular pressure is higher in eyes with than in eyes without fibrillopathia epitheliocapsularis (pseudo-exfoliation). Open angle glaucoma was diagnosed in 22.7% of persons with fibrillopathy, compared to 1.2% in persons without fibrillopathy. The increase in intraocular pressure and the development of glaucoma seem in most cases to accompany or closely follow the development of fibrillopathy.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Twenty-four-hour pattern of mouse intraocular pressure.

The 24-hr pattern of intraocular pressure in the mouse eye remains poorly characterized. The present study was undertaken to determine the magnitude, dynamic pattern, and synchrony of the 24-hr pattern of intraocular pressure (IOP) in NIH Swiss mice exposed to a 12-hr light/dark cycle or to constant light. IOP was measured every 3 hr using a microneedle method. Mice exposed to a 12-hr light /dark cycle were either measured repeatedly at 1 week interval (group 1) or were only measured once (group 2). A third group was exposed to constant light for 2 weeks prior to IOP measurements. The 24-hr IOP pattern in the first and second groups showed a similar rhythmic pattern that appeared to be sinusoidal. This IOP pattern declined in the morning until 12:00, and then increased in the early evening until 21:00. In contrast, IOP in the third group was asynchronous with some mice exhibiting multiple peaks and troughs during the 24-hr period. These results show that 24-hr IOP pattern in mouse eyes is biphasic and that extended exposure to constant light disrupts this 24-hr IOP pattern.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Prevention of intraocular pressure rise following intravitreal injection.

The intraocular pressure change produced by an intravitreal injection of ganciclovir, 2 mg in 0.1 ml, was studied in patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Using a Tono-pen XL to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of four patients (six eyes) we found the mean pressure immediately following injection was 44.5 mm Hg. Measurements taken on separate occasions after a 30 mm Hg decompression of the eye for 15 minutes before the injection showed a mean IOP of only 20.6 mm Hg after the injection. Mercury bag decompression of the eye significantly reduced the rise in IOP following intravitreal injection (difference in the mean IOP rise = 26.4 mm Hg, df = 54, t = 7.67, p < 0.001). Without ocular decompression before injection, all patients complained of temporary loss of vision, and reflux of the injection solution was frequently observed. Use of ocular decompression also reduced the discomfort of the injection. Throughout the full course of treatment by this means there were no adverse effects on the visual acuity. This technique is recommended to those performing intravitreal injections.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗