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PubMed1981

The uptake and retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase--polylysine conjugate by ligated postganglionic sympathetic nerves in vitro.

The uptake and retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and horseradish peroxidase-poly-L-lysine conjugate (HRP-PL) were compared using a system comprising the guinea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) and ligated hypogastric hypogastric nerves maintained in vitro in a twin chamber apparatus. 0.5 mg of HRP-PL applied to the ligated nerves produced stronger retrograde labelling of neurons within the IMG than did 10 mg of HRP. This may have been due to the greater uptake of HRP-PL in a vesicular form by the axons immediately proximal to the ligation. The possible roles of large rounded vesicles and elongated cisternae in retrograde axoplasmic transport are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of chronic deafferentation on adrenergic ganglion cells and small intensely fluorescent cells.

To determine the reaction of adrenergic ganglion cells and small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells to chronic deafferentation, catecholamine fluorescence of the major pelvic ganglion (MPG) of the rat has been studied following section of the hypogastric nerve, pelvic nerve and sympathetic trunk. Only minor changes occurred following section of the hypogastric nerve; the fluorescence surrounding a few adrenergic ganglion cells became brighter. In contrast, pelvic neurectomy resulted in the appearance of numerous varicose fibres and an increase in the fluorescent intensity of fibres enclosing many ganglion cells. Varicose fibres seem to originate from adrenergic ganglion cells and SIF cells. In many instances, nests of SIF cells gave rise to radially oriented fibres. Removal of the sympathetic trunk appeared to have no effect on the MPG. It is suggested that the appearance of varicose fibres from SIF cells following deafferentation may be due to collateral sprouting of these cells or to the increased fluorescence of pre-existing processes.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1996

Age-related changes in the morphology of preganglionic neurons projecting to the rat hypogastric ganglion.

The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in preganglionic neurons of the lumbar and sacral spinal cord of the male rat that may underlie impaired control of the urogenital system in old age. Preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons of 4- and 24-month-old rats were identified by retrograde axonal tracing with cholera toxin subunit-B followed by immunocytochemistry. Labelled preganglionic neurons were scanned on the confocal microscope. Measurements were made of soma area, number of primary dendrites, number of dendritic branch points and total dendritic length. There were significant decreases in the number of dendritic branch points and total dendritic length of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the aged rats compared to the adult group. The soma area and number of primary dendrites were not significantly different. Some cells exhibited signs of degeneration, such as swelling of the soma and distension of the proximal part of primary dendrites. No significant differences were found in any of the parameters measured for the parasympathetic neurons. The changes in dendritic morphology of sympathetic preganglionic neurons may reflect altered central and peripheral control of pelvic viscera in old age.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Anatomic study of the lateral cutaneous rami of the subcostal and iliohypogastric nerves.

On the supposition that some "pseudocoxalgias" might be due to a neuralgia of the lateral rami leaving the subcostal and iliohypogastric nerves above the lateral edge of the iliac crest, the authors undertook an anatomic study of their pathways and pattern of distribution. These rami supplying the skin below the iliac crest, which they cross close together, the ramus arising from the subcostal nerve by perforating the internal and external oblique abdominal muscles, that arising from the iliohypogastric nerve a little lower, creating a bony groove palpable in thin subjects and transformed into an osseomembranous tunnel by the aponeurosis of these muscles. This arrangement may give rise to an entrapment syndrome. At this intersection, the course is either vertical or "bayonet-shaped", directly subcutaneous, and hence exposed to possible friction and microtraumata (tight clothes). The two rami are of unequal length. Frequently, the ramus arising from the subcostal nerve is short, not exceeding 10 cm, below the iliac crest, thus corresponding to the usual description. That arising from the iliohypogastric nerve descends further, passing 3 to 5 cm anterior to the great trochanter. It ends either at this level or 8 to 10 cm below. This accounts for the distribution of the pain felt when there is irritation of this ramus.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Sexual and urinary dysfunction following surgery for sigmoid colon cancer.

We investigated sexual and urinary dysfunction following surgery for sigmoid colon cancer. Thirteen (46.4 per cent) of the 28 male patients with a normal sexual life prior to surgery could no longer ejaculate, but all could maintain erection. With the extension of lymph node dissection, the incidence of a disappearance of ejaculation tended to increase. In particular, in patients undergoing an extended lymph node dissection, the incidence was 53.8 per cent. Urinary dysfunction occurred in 7 (10.3 per cent) of the 68 patients (37 men and 31 women), but was slight to mild. There were no significant differences between the extent of lymph node dissection and urinary dysfunction. In surgery for sigmoid colon cancer, care should be taken to preserve the hypogastric nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

High ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery with hypogastric nerve preservation in rectal cancer surgery.

We describe herein a technique of performing upward node dissection following high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery for patients with T3 and T4 rectal carcinomas. The course of the hypogastric nerve is confirmed macroscopically during the procedure to ensure its preservation. This technique offers both increased radicality and the prevention of ejaculatory dysfunction.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1995

Post-herniorrhaphy pain in outpatients after pre-incision ilioinguinal-hypogastric nerve block during monitored anaesthesia care.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an ilioinguinal-hypogastric nerve block (IHNB) with bupivacaine 0.25% on the postoperative analgesic requirement and recovery profile in outpatients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy with local anaesthetic infiltration. Thirty consenting healthy men undergoing elective unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy procedures were randomly assigned to receive an IHNB with either saline or bupivacaine according to a double-blind, IRB-approved protocol. All patients received midazolam, 2 mg iv, and fentanyl 25 microgram iv, prior to injection of 30 ml of either bupivacaine 0.25% or saline through the oblique muscle approximately 1.5 cm medial to the anterior superior iliac spine. Subsequently, the surgeon infiltrated the incision site with a lidocaine 1% solution. Sedation was maintained during the operation with a variable-rate propofol infusion, 25-140 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. No significant differences were noted in the intraoperative doses of lidocaine, propofol and fentanyl in the two treatment groups. However, the pain visual analogue score at 30 min after entering the PACU was lower in the bupivacaine (versus saline) group (P < 0.05). Although the times to ambulation (86 +/- 18 vs 99 +/- 27 min) and being judged "fit for discharge" (112 +/- 49 vs 126 +/- 30 min) were similar in the two groups, the bupivacaine-treated (vs saline) patients required less oral analgesic medication after discharge (46% vs 85%). We concluded that the use of an ilioinguinal-hypogastric nerve block with bupivacaine 0.25% as an adjuvant during inguinal herniorrhaphy under monitored anaesthesia care decreased pain in the PACU and oral analgesic requirements after discharge from the day-surgery unit.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗