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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

Upper limit ventricular stimulation in respiratory rate responsive pacing due to electrocautery.

Transient programmed upper limit stimulation (150 bpm) was observed during repetitively utilized electrocautery in the beginning of an open-heart surgical procedure in a patient with a minute ventilation rate responsive ventricular pacemaker. This tachycardia caused severe hemodynamic deterioration, and was also initiated by internal heart massage and manual ventilation. Considering the recommendations of the manufacturer, this series of serious events could have been prevented, when reprogramming to the inhibited mode had been executed in anticipation of the operation.

Aged↗

Fatal intraoperative pulmonary embolism from a hepatic hydatid cyst.

A 43-yr-old woman was operated for recurring hydatid cysts of the liver. One of the cysts was located in segment 8 adjacent to both inferior vena cava and right hepatic vein. During the operation, after application of traction on the liver the patient suddenly went into cardiac arrest. After applying open heart massage a Trendelenburg operation was performed, revealing a massive embolus of echinococcal material into the paracentral branches of the pulmonary artery. Resuscitation was unsuccessful. In the literature only four similar cases have been described. The conclusions from these deaths are that an adequate incision is mandatory, no traction on the liver should be necessary, and total vascular exclusion of the liver before cyst drainage and extracorporal bypass are necessary. Interventional techniques should be avoided.

Adult↗

Cyanide self-poisoning.

Four cases of cyanide self-poisoning were admitted to one hospital over a period of two years. Two of the patients died. The diagnosis in the unconscious patient may be suggested by the finding of bradycardia and the absence of cyanosis (despite inadequate ventilation). The diagnosis can be confirmed in 5 to 10 minutes by a simple test on gastric aspirate, performed by the casualty officer. Cardiac pacing was used in two patients and may have a place in the supportive management of severe cases.

Adolescent↗

[First aid to patients with multiple facial injuries].

The first aid techniques available for treating patients with multiple face traumas are reviewed: first aid proper (mouth-to-mouth respiration, mouth-to-nose respiration and external heart massage); picking up the patient (radio-TV link between ambulance and Resuscitation Department); transport (rationally planned ambulance with expert in resuscitation aboard); reception area (with radio-TV link, the Resuscitation physicianc can alert staff in the ward to which the patient should be admitted).

Emergencies↗

[Left ventricular perforation after insertion of a mitral prosthesis. 6 cases].

The external ruptures of the left ventricule occuring in the first twelve postoperative hours and demonstrated by a disastrous haemorrhage or cardiac failure, the other traumatics accidents could be delayed and be observed during the first month, or even later. Essentially two mechanisms are implicated: -- Direct traumatism by a ball valve on the ventricular septrum. -- Sub-annular splitting in connection with the excision of a piece of calcareous valve. Two lines of approch can be offered to avoid these accidents: -- Choose a disc valve when the surgeon finds a small left ventricle below a stenosed and calcified mitral valve. -- Care in the decalcification of the mitral ring and the valvular resection, leaving in case of need a small calcified cuff for safety. The analysis of these findings clarify the main causes of left ventricular rupture after mitral replacement, rare complications, but ones which are very real.

Adult↗

The ultrastructural morphology and cytochemistry of the neurosecretory system of the old rat after experimentally evoked clinical death.

In this study we examined the changes in the neurosecretory system of the old rat after the incident of clinical death. Using the method of Korpaczew et al., (1982) we developed 10 minutes long period of clinical death, followed by resuscitation by indirect heart massage and controlled lung ventilation. The material for the morphological and cytochemical examinations (supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, neurohypophysis) were sampled 10 months after the experiment was initiated. Two types of ultrastructural changes in the neurosecretory system of the experimental animals were shown: the typical ischaemic changes and, secondly, the pattern characteristic for the processes of senescence. Both types of lesions were responsible for irreversible damage of some tissue elements (neurons, glial cells) of the neurosecretory system. To present these alterations we performed the cytochemical studies using the pyroantimonate method as described by Mata et al., (1987). Moreover, in this paper we discuss the role of microglia as an element participating in the regulation of the neurosecretory system, especially stressing its potential for effective phagocytosis.

Animals↗

[Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at the prehospital phase of acute myocardial infarction. Apropos of 49 cases].

In acute myocardial infarction, the earlier intravenous thrombolysis is performed the more effective its action. Pre-hospital intravenous thrombolysis with 100 mg rt-PA was carried out in 49 patients within 3 hours of myocardial infarction. Male preponderance was conspicuous with 44 men (92%) and only 5 women (8%). Mean age was 50.2 +/- 8 years. The infarction was inferior in 48% of the cases. Out of the 49 thrombolyses performed by the mobile intensive care unit, 3 were discontinued on admission (2 diagnostic errors, 1 external heart massage). The time gained by pre-hospital thrombolysis was 52 +/- 25 minutes. There were few complications of thrombolysis: blood effusion at the site of puncture occurred in 4 cases (9%) and haematemesis in 1 case (2%). No cerebral or lethal haemorrhage was observed. Major complications of MI were seldom encountered at the pre-hospital phase: 1 patient died of extensive anterior necrosis with left ventricular dysfunction, and 2 had reversible ventricular fibrillation before treatment was initiated. There was no haemorrhagic complication. The earlier the patient was treated the lower the mortality and morbidity rates. Pre-hospital thrombolysis therefore seems to be feasible when performed by a mobile intensive care unit, and it represents an important gain of time.

Adult↗