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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Behaviour of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805 whole cells in aqueous, organic-aqueous and organic media studied by fluorescence microscopy.

The present work aimed at quantifying the viability and morphological changes occurring during the time course of the side-chain cleavage of beta-sitosterol, in aqueous, two-phase organic-aqueous and organic media by free resting cells of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805. The solvent used was bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (BEHP). A 66.3% reduction in cell viability was observed after 24 h when the cells were incubated in phosphate buffer only, but the percentage of viable cells was constant thereafter. In biphasic systems with BEHP, cell viability was maintained at higher values in the first 48 h, during which complete degradation of substrate was achieved. The availability of oxygen, which should be higher in the biphasic system than in the aqueous system, and of a carbon and energy source, thus seem important for the cells to retain their viability. In biphasic systems, cells tended to shrink and decrease their surface roughness, i.e. to decrease their surface area, possibly as a way to protect themselves from mechanical stress due to the presence of organic-aqueous interfacial forces, which resulted in disaggregation of cell clusters. A method used to visualise BEHP droplets with a standard optical microscope showed that the cells adhered to the surface of the solvent droplets, but no cells were observed inside these. In pure BEHP medium, cells retained their viability level for at least 150 h, independently of a pre-incubation period, which did not seem to induce any adaptation effect. Solvent biocompatibility, higher oxygen availability and reduced interfacial stress could have contributed to this maintenance of viability.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed2003

Immunocytochemical study by two photon fluorescence microscopy of the distribution of GABA(A) receptor subunits in rat cerebellar granule cells in culture.

An immunocytochemical investigation of the expression of alpha(1), alpha(6), beta(2/3), gamma(2) and delta subunits was performed on rat cerebellum granule cells in culture by the two photon microscopy technique. The first four subunits appear to be expressed abundantly in these cells, whereas the delta one seems to be expressed at a lower level. Another major difference in the distribution of these subunits is that whereas alpha(6), beta(2/3) and gamma(2) appear only on plasma membranes alpha(1) and delta are present mainly in the cell bodies cytoplasm. Still another difference was found in that the presence of gamma(2) on neurites is "polarized", preferentially labelling neurites with the appearance of dendrites. The subunits alpha(6) and beta(2/3) appear to label all types of neurites, with beta(2/3) being by far the most heavily expressed subunit type. A final distinct characteristic is that alpha(6) and, even more, gamma(2) appear to accumulate in the cytoplasmic domains immediately below the cone of emergence of neurites. This suggests a conspicuous transport of such subunits from the site of synthesis in the cell body to the site of final expression in the neurites (dendrites and axon terminals).

Animals↗