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In nail gun injuries of the fingers, removal of the nail in the antegrade fashion (in the same direction as its introduction) prevents soft tissue entrapment by the hooked barbs of the nail. This concept is illustrated in a case report.
This study was conducted to determine the frequency and nature of basketball injuries occurring in a rural setting. More than 6000 patients with sports-related injuries presented to a rural emergency department between June 1, 1988 and June 1, 1994. Of these patients, 1189 (19% of the total) were injured playing basketball. A chart abstraction form was utilized to retrospectively review injuries noting demographics, types and sites of injuries, as well as referral and treatment plans. Approximately two-thirds (66.4%) of those injured were males, with most injuries (53%) occurring during school-related activities. Almost four-fifths (78%) of injuries occurred between the ages of 10 and 19. The ankle (33.1%) was the body site most commonly injured, followed in frequency by finger injuries (19.3%), sprains and strains, which accounted for the majority (55%) of injuries. The most common mechanism of injury was recorded in which no contact with other players occurred (37.4%). The vast majority (99%) of injuries were managed as outpatients. The majority of cases (72%) were expected to recover within 2 weeks. Similarities were noted regarding sites of injury and age of distribution of patients when compared to the previous studies.
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The hand is the most commonly injured part in sport. Fortunately, most injuries are minor and do not interfere with the sport participation, but even these leave residual functional deficits that may increase with time. More severe injuries of the hand are appreciated instantly by the player and health care personnel and generally receive better care. The goal is to maintain the best functioning hands now for the sport and in the future for the life's work of the hand. A program is herein described outlining the care of minor and major sports injuries to the hand that tries to return the injured player quickly to the sport participation while not jeopardizing the future. Because injuries to this most important tool are so frequent, it is recommended that a lecture be given to each sport group prior to the season to describe and raise the awareness of the players regarding hand and finger injury.
Over a two year period from 1987-1989 all fishing-related injuries treated in the Emergency Room at Bornholm's central hospital in Rønne and at some general practices were registered prospectively. One hundred injuries were registered altogether. Accidents occurring in connection with putting out and recovering apparatus constituted respectively 14% and 36%. Working with the trawler scoop was responsible for 18% of the accidents and was the most common direct cause, followed by work with winches which constituted 11%. Falls made up almost a quarter of the accidents. Finger injuries constituted 33%, and hand and wrist injuries 17%. Trawler scoop injuries most commonly involved the fingers and hands and fish-cleaning injuries the hands, wrists and fingers. Prophylactic efforts concerning safety in work with trawler scoops, winches and steering systems should be made.
INTRODUCTION: Ball sport school injuries account for a significant morbidity among children and adolescents. Volleyball is popular in school sport and leads frequent injuries in youth besides basketball and soccer. METHODS: During a school year 2234 school sport injuries have been reported to the Gemeinde Unfall Versicherung (GUV) from all schools in Niedersachsen, Germany. The major disciplines were ball sport injuries, accounting for 59.5 % (1330 accidents), Gymnastic sport injuries follow at second position accounting for 18 % (403 accidents), followed by athletics with 8.1 %. RESULTS: Regarding the non-gender-specific distribution of the ball sport disciplines, basketball leads with 32.4 % (431 injuries), followed by soccer (23.8 %, 316 injuries), volleyball (17.4 %, 232 injuries), small ball games (11.2 %, 149 injuries), handball (8.3 %, 110 injuries), and hockey (4.9 %, 65 injuries). In boys, volleyball accounts third among the ball sport injuries (10 %, 63 injuries), after soccer (38 %, 245 injuries), and basketball (28.5 %, 185 injuries). In girls, volleyball was the second major ball sport injury discipline (24.8 %, 169 injuries) after basketball (36.1 %, 246 injuries), followed by small ball games (12.9 %, 88 injuries), and soccer at 4 (th) position (10.4 %, 71 injuries). The analysis of the distribution of injury during volleyball accidents dominate upper extremity injuries (71.3 %), with special emphasis on finger injuries in 53 %, followed by lower extremity injuries (21.5 %) and head injuries (4.3 %). Spine injuries were rare (0.9 %). The type of injury during volleyball school sport injuries were predominantly sprains (21 %), ligament distorsions and ruptures (20 %), fractures (17 %), and bruise (16 %). Analyzing the circumstances of the injuries, most injuries during volleyball school sport occurred without a opponent contact during ball contact (59 %), followed during movements (9 %), the landing phase (9 %), and after a strike of the ball (7 %). CONCLUSION: Volleyball injuries account for a significant number of all school sport related injuries. Upper extremity injuries account for the vast majority of all injuries especially during individual game play. Blunt trauma and fractures are most prevalent among school sport injuries in soccer. Preventive measures such as preservation of a high level of attention when scheduling a sport lesson, safety measures, and awareness of the possible severe injuries and knowledge in basic life support are mandatory to implement in school sports, since ball sport is proven to be very valuable for the physical and psychological development of the children. The role of preventive finger taping in volleyball school sport has to be evaluated in prospective clininal trials.
In the Innsbruck University Clinic for Traumatology during the years 1978-1985, altogether 17,999 patients received initial treatment for injuries incurred through Alpine skiing. 3240, or 18% of these injuries were trauma to the hand. The most frequently injured area was the thumb, with 1995, or 61.6% of the cases. The most common hand injury in skiing is the socalled "ski thumb", the lesion of the ulnar ligament of the metacarpal-phalangeal joint. Finger injuries accounted for 262 cases, or 8%. The capsule-ligament lesions predominated, especially the palmar capsule lesion of the proximal interphalangeal joint. The most common ligament lesion was the rupture of the radial collateral ligament of the metacarpal-phalangeal joint of the small finger. The metacarpal region was involved in 192 (6%) of the patients. The 4th and 5th metacarpal fractures were often combined with volar dislocation of the caput; the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals showed more often torsion fractures. Luxated fractures were found in all carpal-metacarpal joints. Carpal injuries were the least common, with 2.2%; the bony and ligamentous injuries in this region were, however, more serious. 40 scaphoid fractures were found, along with fractures of the triquetrum, trapezium, hamatum, and pisiform, as well as luxations and luxated carpus fractures. The injuries of the wrist are worthy of more attention. They include lesions of the distal radial-ulnar joint and distal radius fractures, and made up 22.2% of all hand injuries. More emphasis should be placed on diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures for these injuries.
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Injuries of pulleys are quite common in mountain climbing. The clinically diagnosed rupture of a pulley can now be verified by MRI. Partial ruptures, which in MRI always showed as scars, can frequently lead to intrinsic bow-stringing. The injuries were primarily treated non-surgically. With regard to chronic, recurring cases or large ruptures, however, annular ligament plastics have to be considered. As a prophylaxis we recommend special training exercises for climbers on wide ledges with changing exertion patterns and a tape-bandage for the fingers. During climbing, the PIP-joint should best not be strained in an obtuse angle. Warming-up and stretching exercises before climbing are absolutely necessary.
High-pressure injuries to the finger are often under-estimated. Nevertheless, early diagnosis and debridement are absolute requirements to save the finger and to restore function. Delayed diagnosis may lead to severe infection and often ends in amputation.
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Treatment of a completely degloved finger injury is a challenge to plastic surgeons. We used a simple method, a bilobed digital neurovascular island flap harvested from the dorsolateral side of the middle and proximal phalanges of the ring finger, to reconstruct the complete degloved little finger. This method provides a one-stage operation for coverage of the degloved little finger and also results in good sensation and an acceptable appearance.
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PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The authors present 13 cases of delayed or non-union of the distal phalanx of the long fingers treated surgically. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were all men aged from 41 years to 60 years. The involved digits were 4 second, 2 long, 5 ring, and 2 little fingers. The operated side was the right side 5 times, the left one 8 times, the dominant one 4 times. Ten cases were due to inadequate treatment of the initial fracture. The three others cases had no clear explanation. Three types of incisions were used: transverse distal, lateral or an extended one combining the two previous. Bone stabilisation was made either, by longitudinal K wires or with a small cancellous screw. In 7 cases, bone grafting was needed. RESULTS: Bone healing was obtained in 9 cases in an average time of 9 weeks. Further procedures included: 2 distal amputations after septic conditions, 2 removals of distal bone fragment and 2 fusions of the distal interphalangeal joint. Overall results evaluated by the patients themselves were fair, including 2 excellent, 6 good (but 2 after distal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis), 2 mild (1 after distal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis), 1 poor and 2 failures. DISCUSSION: The type of skin incision was chosen according to the bone condition; distal in cases of fibrous nonunion when fibrous tissue removal and bone grafting were needed. Neither the type of bone stabilisation (pinning or screwing) nor the donor site of bone grafting influenced the final result. CONCLUSION: The authors would like to stress the importance of an adequate treatment of finger injuries in a emergency situation, considering the difficulties to restore secondarily a satisfactory functional outcome.
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