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PubMed1993

On the influence of data source in aggregated data studies: a comparative study of suicide information based on death certificates and judicial files.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the differences in suicide data obtained from different database sources. DESIGN: Death certificate based data on suicidal deaths were compared with the information obtained from the non-natural death investigation files at the Public Prosecutor's Office. SETTING: The study was confined to the time period of 1981-1984 and to the residents of the district of Leuven (Belgium) who died in the district. MAIN RESULTS: Differences were found in the number of suicidal deaths reported as well as in the demographic variables, the distribution of suicide methods, and the place of death. Sixty percent of the records in both databases could be matched for all variables studied (age, gender, civil state, place of death, and suicide method), and another 10% if only place of death was allowed to differ. For 4.5% of the cases in the judicial files and for 8% of the records in the official statistics database no corresponding record from the other data source could be found. Based on simple probability statistics [P(missing record)+P(different information[present)] the possible minimum global information bias could be estimated to range from 7 to 42%. CONCLUSIONS: Different epidemiological pictures of suicide mortality may result from studying different data sources.

Belgium↗
PubMed1995

Developing a quality improvement database using health insurance data: a guided tour with application to Medicare's National Claims History file.

Health policy researchers are increasingly turning to insurance claims to provide timely information on cost, utilization, and quality trends in health care markets. This research offers an in-depth description of how to systematically transform raw inpatient and ambulatory claims data into useful information for health care management and research using the Health Care Financing Administration's National Claims History file as an example. The topics covered include: (a) understanding the contents and architecture of claims data, (b) creating analytic files from raw claims, (c) technical innovations for health policy studies, (d) assessing data accuracy, (d) the costs of using claims data, and (e) ensuring confidentiality. In summary, claims data are found to have great potential for quality of care analysis. As in any analysis, careful development of a database is required for scientific research. The methods outlined in this study offer health data novices as well as experienced analysts a series of strategies to maximize the value of claims data for health policy analysis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The librarian as consultant and educator for personal file management software.

Librarians are encouraged to extend their information managing skills to include familiarity with personal file management software. Knowledge of automated solutions to overgrown manual reprint files can be valuable to the institution that a librarian serves. The capabilities of REFERENCE MANAGER, PRO-CITE, ASKSAM, and SCI-MATE are compared in a series of classes given for faculty and staff by the Medical College of Wisconsin Libraries reference staff.

Consultants↗
PubMed1984

Data-base management system on a CT scanner computer: application to teaching file and procedure records.

A prototype relational data-base management system was installed on computed tomographic (CT) scanner computers at two hospitals. This was used to create computerized indices for a teaching file and a record of CT procedures. Several problems commonly encountered when maintaining and using a radiologic teaching file were solved. Interesting cases were easily retrieved for teaching, conferences, or publication because the system permits rapid search on the basis of patient name, identification number, date, diagnosis, special description, or a combination of these data. The procedure record index contains these data as well as administrative and technical data on all CT examinations. These data are entered into the data base semiautomatically. The result is an extensive set of records that is easily accessible and requires a minimum of manpower to maintain.

Computers↗
PubMed1993

An inexpensive computer-based digital imaging teaching file.

Despite a decade and a half of digital imaging in radiology, most radiology teaching files remain film-based. The reasons include the high cost or unavailability of digital acquisition and display devices. In the past few years, a number of excellent exhibits that combine inexpensive microcomputers with radiologic education have been shown at national meetings [1-6]. Unfortunately, many of these methods require esoteric hardware, expensive or proprietary software, or special programming skills. We developed a simple method for creating and disseminating a teaching file of imaging studies obtained with digital techniques.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1998

Web-based digital radiology teaching file: facilitating case input at time of interpretation.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to develop a software system that allows easy and rapid input of digital radiology images and text reports, at the time of interpretation, into an easily searchable electronic teaching file database using the Internet and the World-Wide Web protocols, servers, and browsers. CONCLUSION: Using the Internet, the World-Wide Web, and our software system, we can rapidly input digital radiology images and associated text reports into an easily searchable database accessed by privileged users. This inexpensive and simple method for building a digital teaching file database allows cross-platform access for users who have a Web browser.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1992

A standard file format for data from DNA sequencing instruments.

There are now a number of machines for determining DNA sequences. These devices are currently of two types: those such as the Applied Biosystems 373A and the Pharmacia A.L.F. which interpret the sequences of samples as they run on gels within the machine, and those, such as the Bio-Rad and Amersham readers that scan and analyse conventional autoradiographs. Both types of machine can produce their data in the form of traces which represent the band intensity of each of the four base types at each position in the sequence. At present all the machines write files in different formats. We describe a machine independent format for storing data derived from automatic sequencing machines. Files in this format can store the derived sequence, the traces and a set of confidence measures for each base. We have adopted the format as the standard for our sequence handling software.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1994

Graphic file compression on a Macintosh.

AutoDoubler, Compact Pro, DiskDoubler, StuffIt Deluxe, and StuffIt SpaceSaver compression applications for the Macintosh were tested for size of compressed files, and time to compress and expand. EPS, TIFF, PICT and Photoshop native format file types were used, in 1-bit, 8-bit greyscale, 8-bit colour (indexed), 24-bit colour (red, blue, green (RGB)), and 32-bit colour (cyan, magenta, yellow, black (CMYK)) modes. JPEG compression is illustrated by comparing an uncompressed image with three images compressed at different rates.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1993

Reducing the volume of reports filed after discharge in the medical record department at Abbott Northwestern Hospital.

PROJECT: Decrease the backlog of "late" medical reports--ie, those sent to the Medical Record Department after the patient has been discharged and the patient's medical record has been received in the Department. Principals: Three teams: one composed of supervisor and staff of the records processing area; one of staff members from the Reception area; and one of staff members from the Laboratory, Radiology, and Special Diagnostics departments. Process Improvement Method: 10-step model based on Deming's key principles. Timeline: Begun: December 1991. RESULTS reported here: June 1992-September 1992. KEY FINDINGS: The systems for routing inpatient medical reports were faulty, so staff from the nursing units and ancillary services often sent reports to the Medical Record Department when the patient was still in the hospital. The process for locating and retrieving a chart for late report filing was too lengthy and complex. RESULTS: The backlog of unfiled reports has been reduced from 35 inches to less than one-half inch (an unusual, but customer-oriented measure). The time needed to file one inch of reports has decreased from 2 hours to 1.25 hours.

Documentation↗
PubMed1995

Medicare program; date for filing Medicare cost reports--HCFA. Final rule.

This final rule extends the time frame providers have to file cost reports from no later than 3 months after the close of the period covered by the report to no later than 5 months after the close of that period. This change is necessary to ensure that providers have an adequate amount of time to file complete and accurate cost reports. We are also defining what HCFA considers to be an "acceptable" cost report submission.

Accounting↗
PubMed1998

AHERF files for Chapter 11. Action may precede sale of nine hospitals to Vanguard.

Allegheny Health, Education and Research Foundation, one of the nation's brashest not-for-profit health systems, last week filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. The last-ditch move will allow Pittsburgh-based AHERF, which is $1.3 billion in debt, to restructure money-losing operations and pave the way for the sale of its nine Philadelphia-area hospitals. But the repercussions of the filing will be felt well beyond the state of Pennsylvania.

Bankruptcy↗
PubMed1984

The Canadian Nutrient File.

Rapid Calculation of the nutrient content of foods and diets requires a current, easily accessible data base. The Canadian Nutrient File is a computerized information bank containing average values for nutrients in foods available in Canada. For easy accessibility, it contains subfiles for food names, nutrient names, and nutrient amounts. Users of the data should appreciate the limitations of this multi-use file.

Canada↗
PubMed1986

Can a Chapter 11 filing keep hospital doors open?

Traditionally, a bankruptcy filing has been equated with failure: the inability of an organization and its management to 'make a go of it.' But the stigma of filing a Chapter 11 has gradually been fading since the bankruptcy code was revised. Today, a Chapter 11 can provide hospitals and other organizations with an opportunity to reorganize their operations and make a fresh and successful new beginning.

Financial Management↗
PubMed1998

Security aspects of medical file regrouping for the epidemiological follow-up.

To carry out epidemiological studies at a regional level, one may need to link information collected by medical doctors working either in hospitals or in private offices or laboratories. The first problem is to respect the European legislation on nominal data processing, which does not allow the linkage of nominal files. As a consequence, we have developed an anonymous record linkage procedure, which ensures an irreversible transformation of identity and allows the linkage of rendered anonymous files. The second problem is to ensure data security during the transmission and we discuss the advantages of different methods of communication such as the norms X400 and Internet protocols.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of nickel-titanium rotary files for root canal preparation in primary teeth.

This article reviews the use of nickel-titanium rotary files for root canal instrumentation in primary teeth. The pulpectomy technique is described and the advantages and disadvantages of using rotary files are discussed. Specific recommendations for the selection of materials and devices are made.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1999

Evaluating the effect of assessment education with community psychiatric nurses using a file audit tool.

Within public mental health services in Australia, community mental health nurses are often the first point of contact for people presenting with mental health problems. Community mental health nurses are responsible for determining appropriate triage and assessing need for treatment. Community mental health staff identified a need to improve skills in assessment and documentation of psychiatric symptoms. This collaborative study sought to develop an educational package, based on Present State Examination-9, for initial assessment, and a reliable file audit tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the education. Twenty initial mental health assessments completed by twenty different community mental health nurses were audited approximately one month prior to, and two months after, attendance at the education programme. The audit indicated that the documentation of assessments improved in all aspects, although the most significant differences were achieved in recording history, mental state and treatment plan. These items were the main items emphasised in the education programme. It is suggested that the Present State Examination-9 provides a useful base for teaching clinicians how to incorporate the documentation of comprehensive and precise information into assessment formats and treatment planning and that the file audit tool, when linked with an assessment format provides a useful way of evaluating self and peer assessment documentation.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1999

[Ulnar clasp failure or again "the nail file sign", a little known sign of disorders of the ulnar nerve].

Besides the well known signs of the ulnar palsy, there is a new sign, unknown till now: the "failing ulnar hook". It could be named the "nail file sign", because it was discovered from a woman who could not file the nail of her little finger. Practically, the patient is asked, in a first time, to roll his little and ring fingers around the index of the same hand of the examinator. As the patient is resisting, the other index of the examinator tries to extend these two fingers. If they cannot resist, there is an ulnar palsy at an upper level. The explanation is that the flexor profundus of the ring and the little fingers are commanded by the ulnar nerf, whereas those of the index and the middle finger are by the median nerve. So, when this sign is present, the block is located from the elbow to the brachial plexus. When it is absent, whereas other signs of ulnar palsy are present, it evoques a lower palsy. This sign is of great interest because it confirms the diagnosis of ulnar palsy and allows the localization of the block. It is very useful to search it in every neurologic examination of the hand. In a carpal tunnel syndrome, it allows to eliminate or not an ulnar participation without using of electrical tests.

Brachial Plexus↗