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Results for “Factitious Disorders”

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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Factitious illness in children: the social worker's role in identification and management.

Factitious illness in children is a phenomenon that results in adverse consequences for the child. Munchausen by proxy is a factitious disorder, first described by Meadow (1977), in which a parent induces or creates the appearance of illness in the child. This article highlights the importance of social work skills in the identification and management of this syndrome, and proposes a format for decision making at various points in the process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Episodic laryngeal dyskinesia. Clinical and psychiatric characterization.

We have obtained physiologic and psychiatric evaluations on five subjects with episodic laryngeal dyskinesia (LD) and compared them with three patients with expiratory laryngeal stridor and asthma (ELS), and five with chronic asthma (CA). Laryngoscopy confirmed adduction of the vocal cords. Diminished inspiratory flow rates with an expiratory/inspiratory ratio of 1.5 to 3.3 was demonstrated by flow volume studies. Flows improved strikingly while breathing an 80 percent helium/20 percent oxygen mixture. Patients with LD showed varying degrees of depression and sought some form of secondary gain. A histrionic personality, conversion or factitious disorders are not an essential part of this syndrome. Tracheostomy may seldom be necessary in the managing of the acute crisis of LD. Reassurance, oxygen, intermittent positive pressure, and sedation may be sufficient. Mildly depressed patients decreased the frequency and severity of wheezing episodes after receiving reassurance and a clear explanation of ventilatory mechanics.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Munchausen's syndrome with hematuria and sepsis: an unusual case.

An unusual case of Munchausen's syndrome is described in which a former microbiology technician was suspected of inoculating himself with contaminated material to produce sepsis and ingesting warfarin in the form of rat poison to cause hematuria. This combination of factitious disorders has rarely been reported. Other unusual features included a nonemergent presentation through the hospital emergency room and a clinical profile not typical of previously published cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Denial in Munchausen syndrome by proxy: the consulting psychiatrist's dilemma.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review, which also includes the report of a new case, is to discuss the pervasive denial of responsibility among individuals who have engaged in Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) behavior. In MSBP, a caretaker (almost always the mother) fabricates or induces illness in her child; she then presents the child for medical treatment, disclaiming knowledge of the etiology of the illness. METHOD: Literature searches of several computer databases were performed, and ninety-two citations dealing with MSBP, culled from medical, legal, and lay publications, were examined for descriptions of caretakers' responses to being confronted with the allegation of MSBP. Thirty-four citations contained relevant material, which was combined with observations from cases in which the author has served as a consultant. RESULTS: Caretakers engaging in MSBP consistently deny any role in the dissimulation, even when confronted with compelling evidence. This denial complicates management, though intervention must focus on ensuring the safety of the child regardless of the caregiver's response. CONCLUSIONS: Techniques sometimes advocated in factitious disorders in general may be useful in stopping the abusive behavior; however, no consistently effective strategy for overcoming denial in MSBP has yet been described.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypochondriasis by proxy in children: report of two cases]

OBJECTIVE: To emphasize important aspects for the diagnosis and approach of patients with history of child abuse, related with the Munchausen Syndrome by proxy, and its variant, Hypochondriases by proxy. METHODS: The authors describe two cases followed in the Pediatric Service in a terciary hospital of Salvador, Bahia, in which they found aspects of the medical history and physical examination of these children and in the mothers' behavior compatible with Munchausen by proxy (Factitious disorder by proxy). RESULTS: In the two cases presented, we observed a standard in the clinical history, described as recurrent inpatient and outpatient medical support, through the last three years, without the identification of abnormal results. These facts do not decreased the certainty of the mothers about their children's disease (hypochondriases by proxy). Furthermore we observed cooperation on the part of the children by incorporating the role of the sick one, which made their school and social adaptation more difficult. CONCLUSIONS: The pediatrician must be aware of the diagnosis of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy and its variation, hypochondriases by proxy, in those cases of unsuitable and recurrent disease, lack of symptoms and signs in the absence of parents, and diagnostic methods with meaningless results. When absolutely certain about diagnosis, the physician must establish the risk for the child (increased mortality in these cases) and suggest psychotherapy for the mother or perpetrator.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Factitious quinine-induced thrombocytopenia.

A 57-year-old man presented on multiple occasions to various hospitals with thrombocytopenia and complaints of easy bleeding. Despite his repeated denials of quinine use, laboratory investigations confirmed a diagnosis of quinine-induced thrombocytopenia. He appeared to have factitious disorder and to have discovered a novel means of precipitating symptoms.

Hospitalization↗
PubMed1999

Munchausen's syndrome: a case report.

Munchausen syndrome, a chronic factitious disorder with physical symptoms, also called hospital hoboes or hospital addiction, is an uncommon psychiatric disorder, usually presents as an emergency. The correct recognition of the syndrome is important in medical practice. A brief review with an interesting case report is presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Munchausen syndrome].

The Munchausen Syndrome is characterized by the tireless and repeated attempts, carried out by the affected individual, to obtain hospitalization following an extremely credible and dramatic representation of physical symptoms. This condition was described at first by Asher in 1951; the author saw fit to link the syndrome to the name of the Baron of Munchausen, the character described by Raspe, famous for the tendency to tell lies concerning his invented adventurous life, thus highlighting what is the main element of the disease which is the tendency to lie to the doctors about one's health, filling one own's life with dramatic events (pseudologia fantastica). The purpose of this article is to offer a comprehensive review of some of the literature dedicated to the factitious disorders, with particular stress on the psychiatric and psychodynamic interpretations offered throughout the years.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

[On the problems of diagnosis of PTSD and its legal management].

Since DSM-III in 1980 and DSM-IV in 1994 were enacted, "traumatic stress" meant mainly severe bio-psycho-social stress which cause some trauma, not only psychological but physiological and social stress to the person. However, PTSD was defined as to cause some psychological stress, with criterion of A to D. The concept of PTSD are used only to psychological trauma and stress and not include physiological trauma and stress. When psychological trauma caused some psychological stress, it become a legal problem of compensation.... However, the degree of psychological trauma and stress are sometimes difficult to evaluate objectively. To prevent Malingering or Factitious Disorder, it needs to establish a strict diagnostic criteria of psychological trauma and stress, in PTSD. In particular, the definition of Trauma, which is not limited to psychological trauma should be evaluated objectively, i.e. it should be more, scientifically defined, and measured by some evaluations.

Compensation and Redress↗
PubMed2003

[Ganser syndrome].

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord↗