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PubMed2000

Occupational exposure to static, ELF, VF and VLF magnetic fields and immune parameters.

Despite the important role of the immune system in defending the body against infections and cancer, very few investigations have been undertaken to study possible effects of electromagnetic fields on human immunity. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of occupational exposure on hospital personnel operating magnetic resonance tomographs and on industrial workers at induction heaters. In both categories of workplaces, magnetic flux densities exceeding Austrian exposure standards have been registered. Because of the complexity and high redundancy of the immune system, an extensive range of assay systems was applied: relative and absolute numbers of lymphocytic subsets were counted, the proliferative activity of T and B cells determined, the production of interleukin 2, interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha analysed, serum immunoglobulins evaluated, as well as non-specific immunity of monocytes and granulocytes measured by their oxidative burst. The number of natural killer cells and oxidative burst in monocytes showed statistically significant differences in workers at induction heaters and controls. The observed effect on oxidative burst was counteracted by a higher number of active cells in the exposed group, indicating normal non-specific immunity. The high number of natural killer cells, observed in some of the study subjects working at induction heaters, was reconfirmed in another investigation and deserves a further follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Evidence for Scattering Resonances in the H+D(2) Reaction We thank Donald G. Truhlar, Patrick Brown, Zee Hwan Kim, and Stephen Cho for careful and critical reading of the manuscript prior to publication. We also thank Andrew J. Alexander for his assistance in the preparation of the polar plots. Elf-Atochem (B.D.B.), the Hertz Foundation and Stanford University (J.D.A.), and the National Science Foundation (A.E.P.) are gratefully acknowledged for their support in the form of Graduate Fellowships. This work was supported at Stanford University by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant Number CHE-99-00305 and at Universidad Complutense by DGCYT PB98-0762-C03-01.

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Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Exposure to strong ELF magnetic fields does not alter cardiac autonomic control mechanisms.

Clinical and epidemiological studies attest that alterations in heart rate variability (HRV) are predictive of specific types of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in otherwise healthy persons. Recent reports also suggest that changes in HRV may be associated with exposure to intermittent magnetic fields (60 Hz, 28.3 microT) in the laboratory and that mortality is increased in cardiac disease categories related to altered HRV for utility workers whose jobs involve longer exposure to elevated magnetic fields. This study combined three approaches to learn more about the specific exposure circumstances under which changes in HRV occur. First, cardiac autonomic control, as indexed by HRV spectral analysis measures, was measured in 24 men during exposure to a much higher intensity field than any previously examined (resultant flux density = 127.3 microT [1273 milliGauss, mG]). Second, HRV measures from the same individual were compared across three relevant test conditions: intermittent and continuous field exposure and during a no-exposure, control condition. Third, electrocardiographic data were analyzed to determine if the precise timing of when the magnetic field switched on or off in relation to the cardiac cycle results in phase-resetting of the human cardiac rhythm. HRV measures were not altered by either field exposure condition compared to the control condition, and no evidence for a phase-resetting mechanism was found. Further research is needed to resolve the differences between the present and the earlier laboratory-based studies of HRV and to determine if cardiac rhythm disturbances are associated with exposure to the more complex magnetic fields found in the man-made environment.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

High-Nuclearity Chromium-Nickel-Cyanide Clusters: An Open Cr(8)Ni(5)(CN)(24) Cage and a C(3)-Symmetric Cr(10)Ni(9)(CN)(42) Cluster Incorporating Three Forms of Cyanonickelate This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, the University of California, Berkeley, the Hellman Family Faculty Fund, and Elf-Atochem. We thank Dr. C. Crawford and Unilever for a donation of N,N',N"-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me(3)tacn), and Prof. A. M. Stacy and Prof. J. Arnold for use of instrumentation.

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Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Augmentation of bone repair by pulsed elf magnetic fields in rats.

Tibial osteotomies in rats were exposed for 2, 3, 5 and 8 weeks to a pulsed extremely low frequency magnetic field. The shape of the pulse was a double halfwave (50 Hz, 70 G). The rate of bone healing was evaluated by light and electron microscopy. An increase of bone healing was found in rats treated with magnetic fields persisting throughout the tested time. The accelerated healing process produced a sequence of morphological appearances identical to those of a normal fracture callus being the enhancement of osteogenesis produced by an acceleration of preliminary ossification.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of ELF pulsed magnetic fields on survival of leukaemia-prone AKR mice.

In a previous experiment an increase in the survival time of leukaemia-prone AKR mice was observed by exposure to a 600 mT or 800 mT static magnetic field when the mice were at least 200 days old. In this experiment 200-day-old-mice were exposed to a 6 mT pulsed magnetic field (PMF) for 30 minutes a day, twice a week until death. The frequency of the field was 12 Hz or 460 Hz. The exposed mice died from leukaemia but had an increased survival time; the average increase was 14.25% compared to the controls. Both the frequencies gave similar results.

Animals↗