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Results for “Dentin Permeability”

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PubMed1992

Penetration of glutaric dialdehyde into human dentine as measured by changes in dentine microhardness and dentine dimensions.

Microhardness indentation lengths were measured on human dentine sections unfixed and fixed with glutaric dialdehyde (GDA) at pH 7. Fixed dentine was found to be softer than unfixed dentine. Indentation length increased by approximately 10% after fixation in a buffered 5% GDA solution at pH 7. Using this effect the variation of indentation length in the direction of the penetrating GDA as a function of fixation time was measured. Describing the penetration in the mineralized matrix as diffusion in a plane sheet, a diffusion coefficient of 0.5.10(-12); m2/s was calculated. Dimensional changes of the dentine due to fixation were also measured. Dentine was found to expand in both the direction parallel (approximately 0.4%) and perpendicular (approximately 2%) to the tubules.

Buffers↗
PubMed1995

Tooth sensitivity associated with the use of luting cements.

Luting Cements are still a source of frustration to the dentist. None of the cements currently available satisfies everyone, including the patient. The problems encountered when trying to obtain adhesion to a wet substance such as dentin are well-known (Christensen, 1994). The cause of postcementation sensitivity continues to a perplexing problem.

Crowns↗
PubMed2004

Influence of natural fruit juices in removing the smear layer from root surfaces--an in vitro study.

Certain elements of a patient's diet may be associated with dentin hypersensitivity. The intent of this study was to evaluate the degree of removal of the smear layer from dentin surfaces by various fruit juices. A smear layer was created on extracted human teeth by manual scaling. The roots were reduced and distributed into 8 experimental groups. Distilled water was the negative control. The juices were applied by 2 methods: topical application and topical application with friction. Specimens were photomicrographed and graded according to an index of smear layer removal. With topical application, all but 2 of the tested substances resulted in significantly greater removal of the smear layer and opening of dentinal tubules than was the case with the negative control (p = 0.05); the exceptions were Gala apple and Italian grape juices, which were no different from the control. For the active application (with friction), most substances removed more smear layer than the control (p < 0.05); Gala apple, Italian grape and orange juices were similar to the control. For each of the tested substances, removal of the smear layer did not differ with the method of application (topical vs. friction; p > 0.05). It is concluded that natural fruit juices can remove the smear layer from dentin surfaces, and the efficacy of this removal varies with the type of juice.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Occlusion of dentin tubules by desensitizing agents.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the occluding effect of five desensitizing agents on human dentin tubules. METHODS: 30 buccal and lingual surfaces were prepared from 15 extracted intact third molars. Each surface was polished with aluminum oxide abrasive papers to remove enamel and to expose the underlying dentin in cervical area. The flat dentin surfaces were treated with 0.5 M EDTA for 2 minutes to expose dentin tubule orifices. The samples were randomly divided into six groups: AS - immersed in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 2 weeks (control); OX - Oxagel (monopotassium oxalate), DU - Duraphat (sodium fluoride), DE - Desensibilize (strontium chloride), OD - Odahcam (acidulated phosphate fluoride) and SE - Sensodyne (strontium chloride + calcium carbonate abrasive). Dentin desensitizers were applied during 2 weeks and after each application the samples were kept in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C. The samples were prepared according to the scanning electron microscope procedures and were examined at x2000 magnification. RESULTS: The results were expressed in percent (%) of tubule occlusion and analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test (P < 0.05): AS- 45.41 +/- 11.65a; OX- 42.65 +/- 11.79a; DU- 47.25 +/- 8.59ab; DE- 49.36 +/- 18.27ab; OD- 64.43 +/- 15.55b and SE- 65.44 +/- 10.93b. Results suggest that the dentin surfaces treated with OD and SE showed higher tubule occlusion when compared to AS and OX, but were not different compared to DU and DE treatments.

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed2005

Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review.

Dentinal hypersensitivity is generally reported by the patient after experiencing a sharp pain caused by one of several different stimuli. The pain response varies substantially from one person to another. The condition generally involves the facial surfaces of teeth near the cervical aspect and is very common in premolars and canines. The most widely accepted theory of how the pain occurs is Brannstrom's hydrodynamic theory, fluid movement within the dentinal tubules. The dental professional, using a variety of diagnostic techniques, will discern the condition from other conditions that may cause sensitive teeth. Treatment of the condition can be invasive or non-invasive in nature. The most inexpensive and efficacious first line of treatment for most patients is a dentifrice containing a desensitizing active ingredient such as potassium nitrate and/or stannous fluoride. This review will address the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. In addition the home care recommendations will focus on desensitizing dentifrices.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed2005

Influence of pulse frequency Er:YAG laser on the tensile bond strength of a composite to dentin.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of different pulse frequencies of Er:YAG laser on the tensile bond strength of a composite to dentin. METHODS: The dentin surface treatment was performed by Er:YAG laser at 1, 2, 3 and 4Hz pulse frequencies and 80 mJ, for 20 seconds, followed by etching. The control group was etched by phosphoric acid solely. The Single Bond/Z250 system was used. The specimens were subjected to tensile strength tests in a testing machine (0.5mm/minute) after water storage (37 degrees C/24 hours). RESULTS: The averages in MPa were: 1Hz: 13.45 (+/- 5.31); 2Hz: 9.54 (+/- 2.13); 3Hz: 7.29 (+/- 1.26); 4Hz: 7.41 (+/- 2.44) and control group: 16.95 (+/- 2.57). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed statistically significant difference. The increased frequency of the Er:YAG laser decreased the composite bond strength.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMed2005

Clinical effectiveness of two agents on the treatment of tooth cervical hypersensitivity.

PURPOSE: To investigate the desensitizing ability of a one-bottle bonding agent and a glutaraldehyde-based HEMA formulation on sensitive tooth cervical areas for a period up to 9 months. METHODS: The sample consisted of 40 patients with cervical hypersensitivity. Three sensitive teeth per patient were treated; one received One-Step (one-bottle bonding agent), the other Gluma Desensitizer (glutaraldehyde-based agent) and the third distilled water (control group). The hypersensitivity level was determined before, immediately after the desensitizing session, at 8 weeks, and 9 months post-treatment. Measurements of sensitivity were determined by the patient's response to tactile and air-blast stimuli. A verbal rating scale was used and scored as follows: 0, no discomfort; 1, discomfort but no severe pain; 2, severe pain during simulation; 3, severe pain after simulation. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis test (a=0.05). RESULTS: Both treatment procedures resulted in reduction of hypersensitivity to both stimuli, for up to 9 months. No significant differences were recorded between One-Step and Gluma Desensitizer at immediate and 8-week examinations, whereas Gluma Desensitizer produced lower hypersensitivity than One-Step at the 9-month assessment. In general, a lower level of reduction was found for the 9-month interval compared to the 8-week hypersensitivity score for both agents tested. A placebo effect was observed with water treatment, ranging from 4.7 to 27.5% reduction of hypersensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of two topical treatments for dentine sensitivity.

This study compares two commercially-available products for treating dentine sensitivity, Duraphat, a fluoride varnish, and SuperSeal, an oxalate preparation. 48 patients with dentine sensitivity were recruited. Sensitivity was assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS) to record pain following stimulation of exposed dentine surfaces by tactile stimulus (sharp probe at 60g force), thermal stimulus (ethyl chloride) and evaporative stimulus (air drying). Patients were randomised to treatment with either Duraphat or SuperSeal. After 4 weeks, sensitivity assessments were repeated. Both treatments resulted in statistically significant reductions in VAS scores for all stimuli (P<0.05). However, analysis of covariance failed to identify statistically significant differences in the magnitude of reductions in sensitivity achieved by each of the products (P>0.05). The treatments had similar efficacy and both can be considered effective therapies for treating dentine sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of anti-sensitive toothpastes on opened dentinal tubules and on two dentin-bonded resins.

Treatment of dentin hypersensitivity will become of increasing importance in the daily practice of dentistry. The goal of any therapy should be the closure of opened dentinal tubules. The present study made an SEM evaluation of the effect of anti-sensitive toothpastes on root dentin with regard to the superficial changes and possible penetration by toothpaste particles. Further, the study performed an evaluation of the wear-resistance of two dentin-bonded resins during brushing, using the same anti-sensitive toothpastes. Having induced coverage of the dentinal tubules with the toothpastes (Sensodyne, Emoform and Macleans Sensitive), no particles were found within the tubules. The application of dentin-bonded resins seems an alternative solution for treating dentin hypersensitivity.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1991

Oxalate desensitising treatment of dentinal surface.

It is well known that a typical painful feeling is caused by impact of different agents and by thermodynamic conditions upon the dentine layer of the tooth. Therefore the action by artificial solutions should be tested to study how the induced modifications might inhibit the pain. The aim of the present study is to evaluate by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the morphology of dentine surface after different chemical treatments. Oxalate solutions are able to produce a layer of large crystals, while acid solutions remove the smear layer and open the dentinal tubules.

Dentin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Focus on the smear layer in 1990].

The smear layer is a debris-ladden layer, adhering firmly to the hard tissues of the tooth. It plays a major role in the different adhesive systems. An update of the recent knowledge on smear layer will be done in this article. When the carious lesion is removed, a microscopic debris-ladden layer forms at the level on the enamel and the dentine. This layer of materials is extremely adherent to the dental structure, and will come in between the hard dental tissues and the filling materials. In this article different studies were reviewed on the formation, structure and physiology of the smear layer. Consequences of this smear layer's removal on the pulp are discussed. A small study of different adhesive systems is conducted.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1990

["Push-pull" perfusion technic, a new approach applied to the study of transdentinal fluid].

The flux through the dentin tubuli is at the origin of the hydrodynamic theory of tooth sensitivity. After a review of the various in vivo techniques reported in the literature, this study describes an original method of dentin perfusion--so called "push-pull" and specific to this topic. With this technique, the authors have demonstrated the kinetics of this flux, as well as the effect of some factors (age, colchicine, ouabain), on transdentinal fluid exchanges. The analysis of all these results suggests that a combination of active and passive movements could be at the origin of this flux, the temporary inhibition of which could present major advantages in current Periodontics practice.

Age Factors↗