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PubMed2001

[Mixed dermatophyte infection in a cat].

Skin mycoses in animals are mostly caused by Microsporum canis, Microsporum persicolor, Microsporum gypseum and in rare cases by Trichophyton mentagrophytes. As a rule only one dermatophyte species is isolated from skin lesions, but at times mixed infection with bacteria occur. In the described case in a cat with typical dermatomycosis, Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were isolated simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case of mixed dermatophyte infection to be descibed in the cat. This paralell infection may suggests, that primary infection of one dermatophyte does not prevent the animal from a secondary infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fluconazole in the treatment of dermatomycoses. Clinical experience].

Twenty patients suffering from dermatomycosis have been treated with fluconazole at the dose of 50 mg/daily for 20 days. These patients (10 M + 10 F) were aged 36 years on average (range 17-65 years). And were suffering from the following: Tinea pedis (3 cases), Tinea cruris (1 case), Tinea corporis (9 cases), Tinea versicolor (3 cases), Candidiasis (5 cases). One patient was suffering from Tinea on two different body sites. 19 patients finished the treatment and reported a complete clinical and mycological healing either at the end of the therapy on at follow-up visits. One patient, who was already suffering from gastritis, had to interrupt the therapy early due to abdominal pain. General safety was excellent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the efficacy of a new antimycotic molecule for topical use: naftifine].

The antifungal efficacy and tolerability of naftifine (cream, gel, 1% solution), were tested in an open, mycologically controlled study in 29 patients (mean age 32.7 +/- 2.8 years; 15 males, 14 females) with dermatomycosis caused by dermatophytes and yeasts. Particularly, 16 patients were affected with Tinea corporis; 11 patients by Pityriasis Versicolor and 2 other by cutaneous candidiasis. The mean treatment period was 32.9 days in a range from 1 to 44 days. Only one patient, with cutaneous candidiasis dropped out on the first day, because of a primary irritative dermatitis. All the remaining patients (96.4%) were recovered, and the severity of clinical symptoms, particularly erythema and itching, showed a very rapid decline. Two weeks after the treatment, a relapse emerged from a fungal growth culture, only in 2 patients (6.8%) affected with Microsporum canis. Local side effects, mostly burning, were recorded in 2 patients (6.8%).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[In vitro susceptibility of dermatophyte strains to imidazole derivatives].

Recently, imidazole derivatives are being successfully used for the dermatomycoses. These drugs have the strongest antimycotic activity. 44 dermatophyte strains were isolated from our out-patient with dermatomycosis. Imidazole derivatives such as isoconazole, oxiconazole, bifonazole and tioconazole were studied their efficacy on these fungal agents in vitro. 4 imidazole derivatives were effective on all of the dermatophyte strains in less than or equal to 5 micrograms/ml concentration. Whereas, there were differences in Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and MIC50 values.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1985

Resurgent yaws and other skin diseases in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands.

A clinical study of the extent and nature of skin disease was undertaken among 10,224 Melanesians in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands. It was performed concurrently with a survey and selective mass treatment campaign for yaws which has reappeared in the area for the first time in 20 years. For children under 15 years old, prevalence rates for pyoderma and infectious yaws were 52% and 8.5%, respectively. Tinea versicolor was the commonest superficial dermatomycosis affecting nearly half of all adults seen. Glabrous skin (16% of all cases) and nails (25% of all cases) were the principle sites infected by the dermatophytes. Tinea imbricata, whilst uncommon, was restricted to small endemic foci. Pediculosis capitis was universal but scabies was present in only 4% of young children. Unfavourable environmental conditions and misconceptions about personal hygiene are important aetiological determinants. Education and motivation at a village level will be the mainstay of future control with specific therapy generally reserved for treponematoses, extensive dermatophytoses and scabies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Spontaneous dermatophytosis due to Microsporum canis in rabbits.

Reports of naturally occurring Microsporum canis infection in the rabbit are rare. During the tenth week of a 91 day percutaneous toxicity study, 17 of 30 adult New Zealand white rabbits developed skin lesions varying from multiple papules to ringed lesions 1 X 2 cm in diameter. The lesions were not pruritic. Hair and scale samples taken from rabbits with lesions were cultured for dermatophytes. Based upon colony morphology and macroconidial characteristics, M canis identification was confirmed. At the time of necropsy, fluorescence was observed in three animals examined with a Wood's lamp, and of 10 rabbits that were positive on culture, seven were clinically normal. Microscopically, hair follicles contained spores and mycelia. The source of this outbreak was not determined. Tap water was cultured and found negative for pathogenic fungi. These findings document M canis infections in laboratory-housed New Zealand white rabbit, such an asymptomatic carrier state should be considered in this outbreak. The significance of dermatomycosis in laboratory animals is primarily as a zoonosis and a research complication.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

IgE level in some dermatological diseases.

The total IgE level was measured by radioimmunosorbent test (Phadebas RIST, Pharmacia) in blood samples of 454 dermatological patients and 26 blood donors aged 14-70 years. The results showed different IgE values in the same groups of diseases. Elevated serum IgE values were observed in atopic dermatitis, drug allergy, discoid lupus erythematosus and chronic dermatomycosis. In drug allergy the average nonspecific IgE level of patients reacting with immediate reaction was higher than the normal value. Tested individually with Penicilloyl G RAST no strong correlation could be demonstrated between the quantity of specific and non-specific IgE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Common canine dermatoses.

Refractory canine skin disorders from a large percentage of the cases referred to the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria. Included in these conditions are allergic skin diseases, primary pyoderma, generalised pustular demodicosis, endocrine alopecia, dermatomycosis, seborrhoea, acral pruritic nodule and nasal solar dermatitis. These conditions are discussed with emphasis on aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Thirteen colour plates illustrate the classical appearance of the dermatoses described.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacologic review: a review of the literature of ketoconazole therapy in the treatment of tinea pedis and onychomycosis.

Ketoconazole, an imidazole derivative, is the first encouraging new oral antimycotic in 20 years. Ketoconazole currently lacks Food and Drug Administration approval for treatment of dermatophytosis; however, it has demonstrated usefulness against a variety of fungal diseases, including tinea pedis, when griseofulvin has failed. The authors provide the reader with data from several studies on the medicinal therapy for dermatomycosis and onychomycosis, particularly where ketoconazole was utilized. Several studies utilizing other treatment modalities are also cited.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Trichophyton verrucosum in Indiana. Infection in two cases.

Presented herein are two cases of dermatomycosis that occurred in Indiana. The causative agent in each case was Trichophyton verrucosum. The first patient had onychomycosis, tinea pedis, and tinea cruris. Although of long duration, his condition cleared readily after the administration of griseofulvin. The second patient, a recent immigrant from Yugoslavia, had erythematous, minimally scaling lesions was more typical, since T. verrucosum is commonly found on exposed parts of the skin. In this patient, also, lesions cleared after the administration of griseofulvin therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Tioconazole, a new imidazole-antifungal agent for the treatment of dermatomycoses. Antifungal and pharmacologic properties.

Tioconazole is a new imidazole antifungal agent with broad-spectrum activity. Its in vitro activity against common dermal pathogens is generally better than miconazole by a factor of 2-8. This activity is paralleled by good topical efficacy in a guinea pig dermatomycosis model. Pharmacokinetic studies in animals have demonstrated minimal systemic exposure following dermal application. Acute general pharmacology studies have shown that the compound is well tolerated in animals and unlikely to produce side-effects in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A retrospective study in 45 West Highland White Terriers with skin problems].

Forty-five West Highland White Terriers with skin problems were studied retrospectively. Two disorders occurred frequently. Food allergy was diagnosed in 11 dogs (24%) and atopy in 9 dogs (20%). It was not possible to differentiate between these disorders on the basis of the history and clinical findings. Other diagnoses were demodectic mange (3), dermatomycosis (2), superficial pyoderma (3) and flea-induced dermatosis (3).

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Itraconazole: pharmacokinetics and indications.

Itraconazole is a highly lipophilic triazolic compound, scarcely soluble in acidified polyethylene glycol, and soluble in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. It possesses an excellent digestive adsorption and its peak plasma level after oral administration of 100 mg is 0.16 microgram/ml at 3 or 4 h after drug intake. Half-life of itraconazole ranges between 17 to 21 h and 99.8% binds to plasmatic proteins, especially albumin. Metabolization is mainly done in the liver where inactive metabolites are formed with the exception of hydroxy-itraconazole, which exhibits a discrete antifungal activity. Stabilization of blood levels with repeated drug administration is reached at day 14, showing an increase both in plasma concentrations and in its half-life. Tissue levels of itraconazole are 3- to 20-fold higher than plasmatic concentrations, whereas only negligible concentrations are in CSF and urine. In the skin and particularly nails, itraconazole persists for a long time after discontinuation of therapy. Its mechanism of action is similar to other azolic compounds, inhibiting the alpha-14-demethylase of lanosterol which interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol. This drug behaves as a wide spectrum antifungal agent, acting against most pathogenic fungi with the exception of the Zygomycetes. Daily doses vary, according to indications, from 100 to 400 mg. The efficacy and results obtained in dermatomycosis, candidiasis, paracoccidioidomycosis, keratomycosis, sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, phaeohyphomycosis and maduromycotic mycetomas are detailed.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Analysis of microsporum dermatomycoses in Szczecin, its terrain and regions in the years 1985-1988].

The retrospective analysis of M. canis infections in Szczecin and its region, and the comparison with other dermatomycoses are presented. The study comprised two groups of patients: 450 patients diagnosed between January 1985--December 1988 to have microsporum infections, and 449 patients with the diagnosis of dermatomycosis made between January 1986--December 1988. Data collected in form of patients personal cards were subsequently analysed with the use of standard statistical methods. Most of cases of M. canis infections occurred in females younger than 14 years, while the preponderance of adult males was observed among patients with other dermatomycoses. In patients with microsporum infections, skin lesions were most commonly located on the face, limbs and chest as well as on the scalp in children. In patients with other dermatomycoses, skin lesions were placed on feet, inter-hallux spaces and toe nails. Infected animals, especially stray cats, less frequently dogs, played an important role in the spread of microsporum infections. The disease was characterized by the seasonal pattern with the peak incidence between August and December. The rising number of microsporum infection with clinical picture and animal sources of infection, distinctive from other dermatomycoses, is currently observed in Szczecin and its region.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Synthetic antimycotica (author's transl)].

In addition to the antimycotic antibiotics described in a previous paper (Tijdschr. Diergeneesk., 101, 900-904, (1976)), the drugs used in the treatment of dermatomycosis include a fairly large number of synthtic compounds showing a wide variety of chemical structures. These are partly old and occasionally even obsolete agents (often in use as early as prior to 1945); a number of these drugs are of more recent date. They will be discussed in the present paper. So far as is known, the physicochemical and pharmacotoxicological properties, antifungal range, mechanisms of action and preparations will be reviewed.

Antifungal Agents↗