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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Confocal microscopy of germinal vesicle-stage equine oocytes.

The objectives were to compare cumulus type with nucleus form in equine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), to define the percentage of germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocytes within a population of mares, and to further define GV nucleus shapes of equine oocytes. Cumulus types were as follows: 1) compact (56/208, 26.9%), 2) slightly expanded (37/208, 17.8%), 3) moderately expanded (27/208, 13.0%), 4) greatly expanded (15/208, 7.2%), or 5) denuded (73/208, 35.1%). One hundred thirty of 208 COCs (62.5%) were GV-stage, 21/208 (10.1%) were condensed chromatin-stage, 8/208 (3.8%) were polar body-stage, 40/208 (19.2%) were negative (nonstaining), and 9/208 (4.3%) were fragmented. Cumulus types were associated with nucleus forms because higher proportions (P < 0.05) of GV-stage oocytes occurred in compact (42/56, 75.0%), slightly expanded (30/37, 81.1%), moderately expanded (16/27, 59.3%), or denuded (40/73, 54.8%) COCs than in greatly expanded (2/15, 13.3%) COCs. In contrast, lower proportions (P<0.05) of condensed chromatin-stage oocytes occurred in compact (3/56, 5.4%), slightly expanded (0/37, 0.0%), moderately expanded (3/27, 11.1%) or denuded (9/73, 12.3%) COCs than in greatly expanded (6/15, 40.0%) COCs, and lower proportions (P < 0.05) of polar body-stage oocytes occurred in compact (0/56, 0.0%) or denuded (2/73, 2.7%) COCs than in greatly expanded (3/15, 20.0%) COCs. Germinal vesicle-stage equine oocytes had 4 distinct shapes, with higher proportions (P<0.05) having large-regular (54/130, 41.5%) than scattered (10/130, 7.7%), small-round (29/130, 22.3%), or large-irregular (37/130, 28.5%) shapes. Lower proportions (P<0.05) of large-regular GVs occurred in compact (11/42, 26.2%) COCs than in slightly expanded (15/30, 50.0%), or moderately expanded (12/16, 75.0%) COCs. Therefore oocytes with the large-regular GV shape are probably more advanced in development.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

The developmental segregation of posterior crista and saccular vestibular fibers in mice: a carbocyanine tracer study using confocal microscopy.

The developmental segregation of gravistatic input mediated by saccular fibers and of angular acceleration input mediated by posterior crista (PC) fibers was analyzed for the first time in a developing mammal using carbocyanine dye tracing in fixed tissue. The data reveal a more extensive projection of either endorgan in 7-day-old mice (P7) than has previously been reported in adult mammals. While we confirm and extend many previous findings, we also describe a novel segregation of saccular and posterior crista fibers in the anterior half of the medial vestibular nucleus (Mv) not reported before. Our developmental analysis shows a progressive segregation of posterior crista and saccular fibers to their respective discrete projection areas between embryonic day 15 (E15) and birth (P0). Retention of overlap in young adult animals appears to reflect the early embryonic overlap found in most areas. The vestibular projection does not show a topological projection as has been described in many other sensory systems. We propose that the unique projection features of the vestibular endorgans may relate to the transformation of vestibular signals into a motor output in the three neuron reflex arc of the VOR, of which the primary vestibular projection constitutes the first leg.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

T cell subpopulations in myocardial inflammatory infiltrates detected by confocal microscopy: dose dependence in mice treated with cyclophosphamide during acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

In this article, we have characterized cell subpopulations found in the hearts of mice presenting acute Chagas' disease by immunocytochemistry and subjected to different schedules of an immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide (CY). In this comparative study, CY treatment with different doses was carried out before or after infection with Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain trypomastigotes, enabling us to discriminate the parasitemic kinetics and inflammatory processes in the heart, 12 d after infection. Animals treated with 200 mg/kg of CY 2 d before infection presented high parasitaemia as well as heavy inflammation and low parasite loads in the heart. Mice treated 5 d after infection with the same dose, developed the same parasitaemic peak but were not able to control it. Their heart did not present inflammation, but a high number of parasites could be seen. Animals treated with five 3 mg/kg doses of CY every other day presented heavy inflammatory reaction and low parasitaemia. In this group, as well as the one treated before infection, immunocytochemistry studies have shown predominance of CD8(+) T cells in the myocardium. On the other hand, mice treated with 200 mg/kg of CY 5 d after infection, presented small amounts of CD4(+) T cells while no CD8(+) could be found. These results have confirmed the dose dependence influence of this drug on the T cell populations in the inflammatory infiltrates as well as the importance of the schedule employed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Glycoconjugate profiles of the lancelet (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) ovary: a lectin histochemical study by laser confocal microscopy.

The presence and the distribution of carbohydrate moieties in ripe lancelet (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) oocytes (mean diameter 130 microm) was studied by lectin histochemistry in combination with enzyme and chemical treatments. Binding sites for eight lectins with specificities towards different glycan moieties were studied on sections of the whole body of mature female lancelets. Only three of the lectins tested reacted positively. Concanavalin-A (ConA)-binding glycoconjugates were localized in the cytoplasm, namely in yolk granules, whereas Artocarpus integrifolia (AIA) and Ricinus communis (RCA) agglutinins bound strongly to extracellular coats of the oocyte identified as the jelly coat and vitelline layer. No other tissues of the lancelet body were found to be positive to any lectin tested, except gut enterocytes which reacted strongly with AIA. Reactivity to ConA was abolished by pretreatment of sections with N-glycosidase F but not by mild alkaline hydrolysis, confirming that the glycoconjugates were of the N-linked type. On the contrary, chemical removal of O-linked chains by mild alkaline hydrolysis abolished AIA and RCA reactivity but had no effect on ConA positivity.

Animals↗