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PubMedDate not supplied

[The facets of psychopathy described by the hare psychopathy checklist revised and its reliability].

INTRODUCTION: The second edition of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (Hare 2003) describes facets that allow a more accurate measure of interpersonal, affective, lifestyle and antisocial aspects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research is to assess the reliability of the Argentinean version of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised on a penitentiary population, taking into consideration the new factor and facet structure. METHOD: Thirty four subjects were simultaneously assessed by two raters yielding two independent scores. RESULTS: The results show that the Argentinean version of the scale with its new structure has an excellent interrater reliability and internal consistency (Crombach's Alpha was 0.99 for total score; 0.98 for Factor 1 and 0.99 for Factor 2; the single measure of the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.99; 0.97 y 0.97 respectively).

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Model confirmation of the MS-Related Symptom Checklist.

Data from a 26-item self-administered MS-Related Symptom Checklist (MS-RS), designed for persons diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), were factored for the purpose of (a) providing further validity for the MS-RS Checklist, (b) determining structural relationships between and within MS symptom clusters, and (c) determining conceptual similarities between symptoms contained within the MS-RS model and those associated with eight neurological functional systems. Data analyses were based on 491 MS subjects. Principal component analysis and Varimax-rotated factor analysis were used to achieve scale parsimony. The resultant 22-item scale consisting of five factors was subjected to confirmatory factor analysis to determine relationships among factors, observed variables, and residual variance within the factor model. Modification of the initial factor model resulted in the inclusion of one additional relationship between an observed variable and a second factor and six paired relations among the residual variances. The modified factor model had a satisfactory GFI of .910. Signs and symptoms contained within the five-factor solution compared favorably with signs and symptoms assigned to the neurological functional systems which are used clinically in classifying MS disease impairment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving geriatric preventive care through a patient-held checklist.

Providing preventive services to patients is a priority for most family physicians. In this study, a three-item preventive checklist reminded patients 65 years of age and older to obtain an annual blood pressure check, influenza immunization, and cancer checkup. Over a one-year period, patients who received the checklist (n = 59) obtained 46% of indicated cancer detection services, while those who did not (n = 55) obtained 30%. Both groups had similar rates of obtaining blood pressure measurement (over 90%) and influenza immunization (over 45%). Patients themselves may be an underutilized resource for improving preventive care.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

An employment checklist for prospective dental educators.

Recent dental literature suggests that there is a shortage of dental educators and provides suggestions for dental schools to increase and improve recruitment efforts. However, little has been published to aid the prospective dental educator in finding the most appropriate position. A checklist to aid the prospective faculty member is proposed, which enumerates critical employment characteristics to be considered by the applicant during the recruitment process. Essential elements of the dental school environment, the department environment, the salary and benefits structure, and the community are discussed. Techniques for application of the checklist are also suggested.

Employment↗
PubMed1987

Reliability of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and the effect of variations in instructions.

Interrater and test-retest reliabilities of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist were compared on the basis of type of instructions to raters. Three nurses in each of three residential units twice rated 28 mentally retarded residents, using one type of rating system, and the ratings were repeated 4 weeks later. The frequency-based instructions resulted in both higher interrater and test-retest reliability coefficients than did the other instructional types. Frequency-based ratings were performed again in another residential unit, but the higher reliabilities were not replicated. Interrater and test-retest reliability correlations varied markedly both across subscales and raters but were comparable to levels derived with other symptom checklists. We concluded that rater characteristics (e.g., motivation) are more powerful variables than are scoring systems.

Hospitals, Psychiatric↗
PubMed1984

A checklist for planning and designing audiovisual facilities in health sciences libraries.

Developed by an MLA/HeSCA (Health Sciences Communications Association) joint committee, this checklist is intended to serve as a conceptual framework for planning a new or renovated audiovisual facility in a health sciences library. Emphasis is placed on the philosophical and organizational decisions that must be made about an audiovisual facility before the technical or spatial decisions can be wisely made. Specific standards for facilities or equipment are not included. The first section focuses on health sciences library settings. Ideas presented in the remaining sections could apply to academic learning resource center environments as well. A bibliography relating to all aspects of audiovisual facilities planning and design is included with references to specific sections of the checklist.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1983

Effects of criteria and checklists on reliability in preclinical evaluation.

This study sought to expand and clarify research on intra- and interexaminer reliability in preclinical pedodontic grading. Six examiners graded 30 dentoform preparations using three different evaluation methods in a design that controlled the effects of order. The three methods were global (glance and grade), checklist with criteria (analytical), and checklist only. No method resulted in superior intra- or interexaminer reliability. The three evaluation methods can be easily adapted or replicated by other clinical disciplines, and the research design offers a model for similar studies in other preclinical and clinical dental settings.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1983

Reliability and validity of a food frequency checklist.

Test-retest of a food frequency checklist, which allowed for recall of food intakes during childhood and at the present time, proved that the checklist was a reliable measure of change of individuals' food consumption. Validity of the method was established by comparing mean intakes of specific food groups during the respondents' two life periods with mean intakes of their age cohorts in the 1965-66 and 1977-78 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Surveys.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A behavioral checklist to measure dependence and independence.

Based on a theoretical framework by Clough, Wittig, and Derdiarian (1973) and evidence that childhood dependence and independence behaviors continue into audulthood (Kagen and Moss, 1960), the investigators identified adult behaviors which would fit into each component Beller (1955) specified in defining dependence and independence in children. The Behavioral Checklist, an observational tool, was then constructed, based on examplex of behaviors for each of Beller's components. The checklist appears to measure changes in both dependence and independence.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is a pre-discharge checklist useful?

A pre-discharge checklist of requirements for equipment, services, benefits and follow-up has been developed in a general rehabilitation unit. An analysis of 66 inpatients discharged after rehabilitation following a stroke or amputation within the past 2 years suggests that such a checklist is a useful tool in ensuring that patients are sent home with optimum services and support. It is also a simple way of recording discharge data for audit and quality control purposes. It may be of benefit to a wider range of hospital services.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1977

Tactile sensitivity: development of a behavioral responses checklist.

Tactile defensiveness or sensitivity to being touched is a phenomenon observed by therapists during clinical testing and is reported based only on subjective data. The purpose of this study was to develop a more objective means of identifying this phenomenon. Videotaped observations of five-year-old boys being administered the Southern California Kinesthesia and Tactile Perception Test battery were used to identify behavioral reactions indicative of sensitivity to tactile stimulation. The population tested for a wide range of behaviors included hyperactive and normal five-year-old boys. These reactions were defined and categorized into a checklist of tactile-sensitive behaviroal responses. This checklist was then used on videotapes of 10 five-year-old boys by two raters to establish a measure of the reliability of this method of observing and recording behaviors. A reliability of .89 agreement with consensus was reached. These behavioral categories offer objective guides in identifying children with tactile defensiveness or sensitivity to tactile stimulation.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1996

Disease-specific quality of life: the Gallstone Impact Checklist.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a disease-specific quality-of-life scale for symptomatic cholelithiasis for use in clinical trials, and to evaluate its reliability, construct validity and responsiveness. DESIGN: Questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS: Health care professionals, patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis and their significant others. INTERVENTIONS: A 114-item questionnaire was developed from open-ended questions completed by the participants. Questions dealt with physical symptoms, activities of daily living, job performance, leisure activities, emotional factors, marital and sexual relations, support networks and financial situation. The questionnaire was administered by an interviewer to 50 subjects booked for elective cholecystectomy: frequency-importance products were calculated for each of the 114 items. A final shortened scale (the Gallstone Impact Checklist [GIC]) contained 41 items and was completed by patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis on two occasions, 4 to 6 weeks apart. RESULTS: The checklist requires 10 to 15 minutes to complete. Reliability of the questionnaire and its four subscales was assessed by Cronbach's alpha (overall questionnaire 0.88, pain 0.60, dyspepsia 0.73, emotional impact 0.78 and food and eating 0.84). Construct validity was established by comparison of questionnaire subscales with global ratings of physical and emotional health. Among subjects who reported a difference in their symptoms attributed to gallstones, there was a significant change in total GIC score and in each of the four subscales. Among patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, the absolute value of the effect size was 1.63. CONCLUSIONS: The GIC has content validity and appears to be a reliable, responsive measure of within-person change for subjects with symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Development, application and effectiveness of a novel logbook checklist assessment scheme in conservative dentistry.

In response to a lack of staff consistency in assessing clinical work, as identified by a student questionnaire, a checklist scheme of assessment was devised. This consisted of a series of questions covering the key stages of the majority of procedures in conservative dentistry to which a demonstrator indicates whether each aspect has been completed satisfactorily or not (yes/no) giving written comment to enhance the level of immediate feedback. Some 12 months following the introduction of the new logbook, a questionnaire was distributed to all 42 students who had experienced both this system and a previous ABC grading scale for completed work. This consisted of a series of 14 statements and sought to compare, for both systems, the clarity of assessment criteria, the relative level of staff consistency in applying these, effectiveness of feedback and overall meaningfulness of the grades awarded. In addition, in relation to self appraisal of performance, both the relevance of this to the practice of dentistry together with the degree the logbook facilitated this were assessed. The questionnaire return rate was 100%. Compared to the former grading system, the new logbook gave a significantly (P < 0.001) more meaningful measure of performance, indicated better what was being assessed (P < 0.001) and gave better feedback of those points requiring attention to improve performance. In addition, the consistency of staff applying the checklist had improved significantly (P < 0.05) since the introduction of the logbook. It was thus concluded that the logbook was a versatile tool in assessment of the clinical skills in conservative dentistry.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1976

Checklist for a children's trauma room.

Optimal management of a severely injured child depends upon instant availability of a wide variety of emergency equipment and supplies. Some of these items are not commonly found in trauma rooms designed for adults, and others are required in a range of sizes unique to child care. After a major resuscitative effort the trauma room is a shambles from which it must be restored rapidly to receive the next trauma victim. A checklist has proven invaluable in preventing disastrous omissions when the trauma room is being restocked. This list was patterned after a similar checklist used in the Emergency Department of the Parkland Hospital in Dallas and was developed for children by the Trauma Committee of the American Pediatric Surgical Association. It has been tested and refined in the Trauma Room of the Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, during a 2-year period in which 100,000 children presented to the emergency department. It should be helpful in any emergency department which receives seriously injured children.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Distress symptoms among urban African American children and adolescents: a psychometric evaluation of the Checklist of Children's Distress Symptoms.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the factor structure of the Checklist of Children's Distress Symptoms (CCDS); to examine whether there is a higher-order single construct underlying the CCDS measure; and, to assess the association between children's distress symptoms, as reflected by the CCDS factors, and children's self-reported exposure to community violence (both victimization and witness events). DESIGNS: Community-based cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS: Ten public housing developments in an eastern metropolis. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 349 low-income urban African American children and adolescents (198 males; 151 females), 9 through 15 years of age. MEASURES: Children's distress symptoms, exposure to community violence, and selected demographic information including parental education, parental employment status, perceived health status, and school performance. ANALYSIS: Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the factorial structure of the CCDS measure. Second-order confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine if there is a higher-order single underlying construct among CCDS factors. Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to assess the relationship between exposure to violence and CCDS factors. MAJOR FINDINGS: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 6-factor solution for the CCDS measure with satisfactory internal consistency. The confirmatory factor model with a single second-order construct yielded a good fit to the data. In general, youth who experienced violent victimization or witnessed violent events reported higher levels of distress symptoms than those who did not. Distress symptoms labeled as "intrusive thoughts," "distraction," and "lack of belongingness" were most frequently associated with exposure to violence. Distress symptoms did not differ on the basis of sex or age. CONCLUSIONS: The CCDS has utility as a measure of distress symptoms among urban African American children and adolescents. Whereas analysis provided support for a single higher-order construct, using the proposed 6-factor structure should enhance our understanding of the psychological impact of exposure to violence on youth and contribute to more effective intervention efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Behavioral correlates of television viewing in primary school children evaluated by the child behavior checklist.

BACKGROUND: Television is a source from which children gain information about life and experience different types of behavior. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) has not been used thoroughly to evaluate the behavioral effects of television viewing on children. OBJECTIVE: To examine the competency and problem behavior correlates of television viewing in school-aged children using the CBCL. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Two randomly selected grade schools, one from a high-income district and the other from a low-income district. PARTICIPANTS: Students in grades 2 and 3 and their parents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A questionnaire on children's time spent watching television and engaging in other daily activities and the CBCL were sent to the parents of 888 second- and third-grade students. RESULTS: Results of the questionnaire reported that the overall mean +/- SD daily television viewing time was 2.5 +/- 1.3 hours. Overall television viewing time had a negative correlation with social and school achievement (r = -0.17, P<.001 and r = 0.11, P =.03, respectively) subscale scores. Withdrawn (r = 0.11, P =.004), social problem (r = 0.14, P =.001), thought problem (r = 0.11, P =.03), attention problem (r = 0.20, P<.001), delinquent behavior (r = 0.12, P<.001), aggressive behavior (r = 0.22, P<.001), and externalization (r = 0.19, P<.001) subscales and total problem (r = 0.15, P<.001) scores were positively correlated with time spent watching television. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that the only significant variables associated with a risk of watching television for more than 2 hours were age, gender, social subscale, and attention problem subscale scores of the CBCL. CONCLUSION: As evaluated by the CBCL, television viewing time is positively associated with social problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalization, and total problem scores. Older age, male gender, and decreasing social subscale and increasing attention problem subscale scores on the CBCL increases the risk of watching television for more than 2 hours.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

The use of teacher checklists to identify children at risk for later behavioral and emotional problems.

Measures of child behavior based on teacher checklists have been shown to be reliable and valid indicators of a child's current school functioning. Such measures, however, are not very accurate predictors of behavior in other settings, or of the development of future behavior problems; they should not be used to label a child as "high risk." The primary care physician could help the teacher decide which children to refer for more thorough evaluation by providing the teacher with information on the child's development and neurologic status, home behavior, and family situation. Follow-up studies suggest that many behavioral disturbances seen in pre-school settings are transient situational disturbances that could be adequately managed through use of behavior modification techniques or simply through the passage of time.

Affective Symptoms↗