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PubMed1981

Actinomyces-like structures and their association with intrauterine contraceptive devices, pelvic infection and abnormal cervical cytology.

A total of 1919 cervical cytology smears from South Galmorgan family planning clinic patients were studied and actinomyces-like structures were identified in 38. All 38 were from women reported as having an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and they represent 25 per cent of the 147 women in the whole study who were reported as having an IUCD. There was no evidence of pelvic infection or significant increase in gynaecological problems amongst these 38 women, but there was a significant increase in atypical and dyskaryotic cells in the cervical smears.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1978

Ovarian pregnancy associated with intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Four cases of ovarian pregnancy, occurring over a two-year period in the same hospital, are presented. Each case fulfills Spiegelberg's criteria. Each patient conceived with Cu-7 intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) in situ. Review of the literature reveals an apparent increase in the frequency of ovarian pregnancy associated with IUD's. This aspect of the problem, as well as the management of this unusual type of ectopic pregnancy, is discussed. The data available do not justify a conclusion that ovarian pregnancies are caused by IUD's. Unless future studies demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship, this may be merely an interesting coincidence. However, it seems that more than just coincidence is involved, even though the mechanism is unclear.

Chorion↗
PubMed1987

Fertility following ectopic pregnancy with special reference to previous use of an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD).

A group of 304 women operated on for ectopic pregnancy were followed up with respect to subsequent reproductive performance. The group was distributed into current users, earlier users and non-users of an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility were more common among non IUCD users. Reproductive performance was statistically significantly better in ever-users of an IUCD than in never-users. The proportions of women wishing to become pregnant and who later gave birth to a live baby in the three groups were 69.2%, 61.4% and 38.0% respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Menstrual bleeding pattern and iron status in women fitted with copper and non-medicated intrauterine contraceptive devices.

A prospective study of the menstrual bleeding pattern and iron status was conducted in 42 healthy Nigerian women volunteers before and after being fitted with either a medicated, copper T (TCu.200B) (n = 20) or a non-medicated, Lippes loop (n = 22) intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD). After about six months of use, the mean fasting serum iron and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly higher (+32% and +6% respectively), mean serum ferritin was significantly decreased (-14%) compared to the pre-insertion levels in the copper T IUD users. In the Lippes loop IUD users, mean fasting serum iron was significantly lower (-11%), mean PCV was higher (+5%). The changes observed in the mean levels of serum ferritin and the duration of menstrual bleeding did not reach a statistical significant level. Among the two groups, only the changes in the mean fasting serum iron was significant (P < 0.01). In all, only the women fitted with Lippes loop IUDs had a decrease in the levels of both serum iron and body iron stores (ferritin), however, no clinical anaemia was observed at six months of use.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Naproxen sodium in uterine pain following intrauterine contraceptive device insertion.

In a double-blind parallel trial, repeated doses of naproxen sodium (550 mg initially, followed by 275 mg every 6 hours as needed) and placebo were administered to a group of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) users in whom dysmenorrhea and premenstrual uterine pain developed or increased following the insertion of the IUD. Seventeen subjects were treated with naproxen sodium and 16 received placebo. The study covered three episodes of uterine pain and/or cramping. Efficacy of pain relief was judged by: (1) the overall relief which the patients experienced during the treatment and (2) the changes in the pain intensity (measured on a 6 point scale). By both these criteria, naproxen sodium was statistically significantly superior to placebo (p = 0.02); consequently, naproxen sodium appears to offer a new treatment modality for pain associated with IUD usage.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed2000

Ureteral displacement due to a migrated intrauterine contraceptive device.

Perforation of the uterus is rare but potentially fatal. During puerperium when the uterus is small and its wall is thin, the risk of perforation increases. We report a rare complication from an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) which caused deviation of the right ureter in a 31-year-old woman who presented with complaints of insomnia and abdominal pain. Our case shows that perforation of the uterus by an IUD can cause a silent urological complication. The possibility of ureteral involvement and displacement should be kept in mind in a woman in whom a missing IUD is encountered.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Utero-ovarian actinomycosis and intrauterine contraceptive devices].

Up to now a rare affection difficult to diagnose in its abdominal localizations, actinomycosis is becoming of topical interest because of the appearance of a new form of the disease: utero-ovarian infection associated with an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUD). A recent case, of surgical expression, is reported and used as a basis for an update of epidemiologic and pathogenic data concerning the affection. Diagnosis should be facilitated by regular cytobacteriologic examinations in women with the IUD, and simple preventive measures should limit the number of severe forms sometimes requiring more or less extensive excision.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1985

Group B-beta haemolytic streptococcal colonization in women using intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Two-hundred-and-eighteen gynaecological patients were screened for group B-beta haemolytic streptococci (GBS) colonization of the vagina, cervix, urethra and rectum. The overall colonization rate was 17%. There is no relation between the rate of colonization and the patient's age or parity. The colonization rate among the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) users (31%) is significantly higher than the non-users (14.5%). The IUCD does not cause GBS vaginal colonization. Nevertheless, its presence helps the microorganisms' vertical spread through the cervical canal. The short duration of IUCD use among the Saudi patients may have provided a protective mechanisms against the development of PID. All the four sites were colonized in the IUCD users and only in 8.1% of the non-users. The urethra was the most common site involved in both groups (83.8%). A higher incidence of GBS colonization was found among patients presenting with excessive vaginal discharge as the main complaint. The presence of excessive vaginal discharge is a significant factor towards the spread of the microorganism to the cervix and urethra. Therefore, an IUCD user with excessive vaginal discharge has a higher chance of getting cervical and urethral colonization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Copper intrauterine contraceptive devices and serum essential metals.

Serum levels of the essential metals, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca), were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in one hundred and twenty randomly selected adult Nigerian female volunteers fitted with copper T or Delta T intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) for a period of 3-18 months, and their normal age-matched controls. The mean serum concentration of all the essential metals was lower in the women fitted with copper IUDs than the control group. The differences, however, are not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Long-term contraceptive effects of intrauterine neem treatment (IUNT) in bonnet monkeys: an alternate to intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD).

Antifertility effects of intrauterine neem treatment (IUNT) was studied in bonnet monkeys. A single administration of 1 ml of neem oil by an intrauterine insemination catheter blocked fertility for 7 to 12 months. The effect was, however, reversible as all the animals became pregnant subsequently and delivered normal babies. The neem oil treatment had no adverse effect on menstrual cyclicity and ovarian functions. The uterus of neem-treated animals showed normal morphology. Immunohistological studies, however, demonstrated a significant increase in the number of MHC-II antigen-positive cells in the uterine endometrium following neem treatment, indicating enhanced antigen-presenting ability of the uterus; a feature that may be related to the observed antifertility effect of neem oil. The present investigation demonstrates that an IUNT can be used for long-term, reversible contraception, without any apparent side effects, and that the method could provide an alternate to currently used intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Candida chorioamnionitis and intra-uterine contraceptive device.

In spite of the very common occurrence of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women (1), the uterus is seldom affected. There are few reports in the literature of intrauterine infection. The present paper presents a case of placental and fetal candidiasis in association with the presence of an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUD).

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2004

[Effects of intrauterine contraceptive device on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, kinase insert domain-containing receptor and microvessel density in endometrium].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, kinase insert domain-containing receptor(KDR) and microvessel density (MVD) in endometrium from women wearing fixed copper-intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD, FCu-IUD) or fixed indomethacin-releasing copper-IUD (FICu-IUD). METHODS: Twenty healthy women were divided into two study groups: 10 cases wearing the FCu-IUD (FCu-IUD group), 10 cases wearing the FICu-IUD (FICu-IUD group). Immunohistochemical technique was used to determine the expression of VEGF and KDR in endometrium, and the microvessel density (MVD) was counted. The expression of VEGF mRNA was determined by in situ-hybridization. RESULTS: Before insertion of FCu-IUD, the expression of VEGF and KDR proteins was 0.357 +/- 0.032 and 0.215 +/- 0.029 respectively. After insertion of FCu-IUD, the expression of VEGF and KDR proteins was 0.568 +/- 0.027 and 0.244 +/- 0.022 respectively, significantly higher than before insertion (P < 0.05). The expression of VEGF mRNA was 0.359 +/- 0.022 before insertion of FCu-IUD, after insertion of FCu-IUD, the expression of VEGF mRNA was 0.425 +/- 0.019 (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the level of VEGF protein and mRNA, as well as KDR in endometrium before and after insertion of FICu-IUD. Compared with before insertion of FCu-IUD 15.4 +/- 2.8, a significant increase in MVD was observed after insertion of FCu-IUD 19.8 +/- 4.8, and the expression of VEGF protein was positively correlated with MVD (r = 0.847, P < 0.01). MVD counts were not different significantly before and after insertion of FICu-IUD. CONCLUSIONS: FCu-IUD can enhance the expression of VEGF and KDR in the endometrium. FICu-IUD can inhibit the activity of VEGF and KDR by releasing indomethacin. VEGF and KDR may be related to the structural and functional changes of microvessels in endometrium after insertion of FCu-IUD or FICu-IUD.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus infection of the uterus in a postmenopausal patient with an intrauterine contraceptive device in place for over 20 years.

Although secondary involvement of the female genital tract occurs in up to 40% of cases of disseminated lymphomas, lymphomas presenting with primary female genital tract symptomatology are very unusual. We report a case of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (TCRBCL) arising in the uterine corpus of a 57-year-old female who carried an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) for over 20 years. Malignant lymphoid cells expressed the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) late membrane protein (LMP), a feature described in TCRBCL but not previously reported in primary uterine lymphomas. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a TCRBCL of the uterus.

DNA, Neoplasm↗