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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Total rupture of the left main bronchus successfully repaired nine years after injury.

A patient who sustained a traumatic rupture of the left main bronchus that was successfully repaired nine years later is presented, and reference is made to reports of similar instances in which operation has been performed more than five years after injury. Pulmonary function following operation improved progressively and proved the delayed repair to have been a reasonable decision.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Immunological parameters and respiratory functions in patients suffering from atopic bronchial asthma after intravenous treatment with salmon calcitonin.

This study reports the effect of salmon calcitonin on airway function and peripheral blood parameters in asthmatic subjects. The premise for the study is that calcitonin is given to asthmatics that require systemic corticosteroids as a way to counter problems with calcium balance and osteoporosis, and that it has an immunosuppressive effect. Salmon calcitonin (100 IU) was administered to 18 patients with atopic bronchial asthma, and the following spirometric parameters were evaluated: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), peak respiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory flow rates at 25%, 50% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF25%, FEF50% and FEF75%). Calcitonin significantly decreased the levels of FVC and FEV1 by 20 min after starting the infusion. The effect of 500 mg aminophylline, used as a reference drug in this study, was much more profound, with a significant increase in all investigated parameters. Also, the effect of salmon calcitonin on some immune parameters (white blood cell count, number of eosinophils, serum levels of immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA, and serum levels of lymphocytes subpopulations CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD19) was determined in another group of 30 patients suffering from atopic bronchial asthma. Calcitonin at a dose of 100 IU/day subcutaneously for 3 days did not alter the immune parameters studied, thus rendering it safe for such and similar treatment schedules in a variety of medical conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nebulized glucagon in the treatment of bronchospasm in asthmatic patients.

This study sought to determine if nebulized glucagon, a well-known smooth muscle relaxant, is effective in relieving asthmatic bronchospasm. Ten subjects, aged 12 to 26 years, with chronic stable asthma were studied in a pulmonary function laboratory under a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Bronchospasm was induced in each subject with progressive doses of nebulized methacholine until forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) had decreased at least 20% from baseline. Subjects then received either nebulized saline or 2 mg of nebulized glucagon. Spirometry was performed at 5, 15, and 30 minutes after treatment. Subjects then received 2.5 mg of nebulized albuterol and had spirometry 15 and 30 minutes thereafter. Each subject returned for testing with the alternative solution at least 1 week later. Treatment with nebulized glucagon resulted in a 58% +/- 15% improvement in FEV1 15 minutes after treatment compared with 36% +/- 7% after nebulized saline (P < .05). No adverse effects of glucagon treatment occurred. This study suggests that nebulized glucagon reduces methacholine-induced bronchospasm in asthmatic patients.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of an electronic hand-held spirometer in patients with asthma.

In this pilot study we assessed patient compliance and acceptability of data recorded in the home environment by asthmatics using a Vitalograph 2110 spirometer which measures peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). This meter automatically time and date stamps all measurements and can also assess the technical acceptability of results. Data are uploaded to a personal computer for review and analysis. We recruited 30 patients (10 male and 20 female, age range 21-72 years) from the chest clinic at Guy's Hospital (n = 20) and from a GP clinic (n = 10). Patients were asked to record spirometry data using the meter at set times (8.00 a.m. and 8.00 p.m.) for 2 weeks. The spirometer incorporated an alarm to remind patients to take measurements. All patients completed the study. Mean (SD) compliance with spirometer use was 100.8% (49.9%). Nineteen patients had a compliance rate of between 80% and 120% of expected use. Timing of recordings was compared with the scheduled times of 8.00 a.m. and 8.00 p.m. Values recorded with +/- 2 h were judged as acceptable. For morning recordings 67.4% of all values and for evening recordings 71.7% of all values met this criterion. Technical acceptability of spirometry data was also assessed by using quality assurance criteria recorded by the spirometer. Valid tests were performed for 75.2% of all recordings. Twenty-two patients performed valid tests for 80-100% of the time. We suggest that the use of an electronic meter in the home environment is practical and is likely to generate more accurate and reliable data.

Adult↗