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Results for “thyroid dysfunction”

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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Lipoprotein (a) levels in thyroid dysfunction before and after treatment.

AIM: To investigate the possible effects of thyroid hormones on the lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) serum concentration. METHODS: Eleven patients with hyperthyroidism (Grave's disease), 18 patients with hypothyroidism and low Lp(a) (Hashimoto's disease), and 13 patients with hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's disease) and elevated Lp(a) were examined before and after thyroid hormone normalization. The measurements included total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (including HDL2 and HDL3 subfractions), LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoproteins A1 and B, and Lp(a), thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid hormones/total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3). RESULTS: In patients with hyperthyroidism, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apo B significantly increased (p<0.05) after the treatment, whereas a moderate increase in HDL (HDL2 subfraction), triglyceride, and Lp(a) concentrations did not reach statistical significance. In both groups of patients with hypothyroidism, concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apo B, and triglycerides significantly decreased after the treatment, whereas the changes in HDL (HDL2 and HDL3 subfractions), VLDL cholesterol, apo A1, and Lp(a) were not significant. CONCLUSION: Thyroid hormones had only a moderate effect on the metabolism of Lp(a).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endocrine disruption: thyroid dysfunction in mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a polluted habitat.

Mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus) from Piles Creeks (PC), New Jersey (a polluted site), are sluggish and show poorer prey capture and predator avoidance than reference fish from Tuckerton (TK). The behavioral dysfunction of the PC fish may be associated with thyroid impairment due to endocrine disruption. In this study, we compared thyroid histology and thyroid hormones in the two populations and determined experimentally whether the polluted environment could alter thyroid hormone levels. PC fish had larger thyroid follicles, greater follicle cell heights, and contained higher plasma thyroxine (T4) levels than TK fish. However, there were no significant differences in either plasma or tissue triiodothyronine (T3). TK fish held in simulated PC environments had higher plasma T4 and lower plasma T3 than field-sampled fish. PC fish held in clean water had lower plasma T4 and T3 than field-sampled fish. In either case, there was no significant difference in tissue T3 content. The contaminants in PC alter thyroid structure and function, which may relate to the behavioral differences between fish from the polluted and reference sites.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1982

The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in mentally handicapped in-patients.

A survey was made of the thyroid function of 402 mentally handicapped patients in a long-stay hospital and its satellite units. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in a 2-year period was 25/402 (6.2%), and 17/364 (4.7%) when people with Down's syndrome were excluded. Hyperthyroidism was found in 3/402 (0.7%). These results include 16 patients with hypothyroidism, and two with hyperthyroidism, who were newly detected during the surgery. With diagnosis, treatment was started. This occurrence of thyroid disorders is higher than in both the general population in the community and also in other psychiatric in-patients. Biochemical investigation is essential as the disorders are difficult to detect clinically, and untreated the patients are liable to the complications of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Thyroid volume as measured by ultrasonography in patients With type 1 diabetes mellitus without thyroid dysfunction.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess and compare thyroid volume and its derminants in a cohort of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and compare the results to a healthy control group. We studied 65 DM1 patients treated with an intensive insulin regimen and 65 matched controls. In all participants we evaluated weight, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body surface area and body composition variables determined by using a bioelectrical impedance analyser. Thyroid size was estimated by ultrasonography. We determined basal TSH, anti-thyroid antibodies and urinary iodine excretion. Body weight, height, BMI and body surface area were similar in DM1 patients and in controls. Fat-free mass was higher in both male and female DM1 patients than in controls (64.4 +/- 6.9 vs. 60.4 +/- 8.2 kg, p=0.03 and 48.3 +/- 5.7 vs. 45.4 +/- 6, p=0.04, respectively), and fat mass was lower in male DM1 patients than in controls (9.7 +/- 7 vs. 14.2 +/- 8.1 kg, p=0.01). Thyroid volume was greater in both male and female DM1 patients than in controls (11.12 +/- 2.87 vs. 9.63 +/- 2.27 ml, p=0.0001 and 9.5 +/- 2.3 vs. 7.7 +/- 2 ml, p=0.002, respectively). Urinary iodine excretion was similar in the two groups. In both DM1 patients and controls, thyroid volume correlated with weight, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body surface area, fat-free mass and the multivariate linear regression analysis with thyroid volume as the dependent variable showed that fat-free mass in either group was the only significant determinant of thyroid volume. We conclude that DM1 patients had larger thyroid volume compared with healthy controls with similar anthropometry; body composition is different in DM1 patients and that the anthropometric and body composition variables, especially fat-free mass and body surface area, predict thyroid volume either in DM1 patients or in healthy controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Alterations of carboxypeptidases N activities in patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Serum carboxypeptidases N (EC. 3.4.17.3) were determined spectrophotometrically in 87 patients with disturbances of thyroid function and in 131 euthyroid individuals, including 33 women taking estrogens for contraception. Carboxypeptidases N (CN) can be subdivided into CN1 and CN2, according to variable substrate affinity. In addition, measurements of blood pressure and in vitro tests of thyroid function were performed. In euthyroid controls, CN1 was negatively correlated with age. No significant differences between CN1 and CN2 have been observed with regard to sex. In patients with hyperthyroidism, the mean values of both enzymes were elevated, but this tendency proved to be significant only for CN2. In hypothyroid patients CN1 and CN2 levels were normal. Elevations of CN1 and CN2 in the hyperthyroid state seem not to be related to underlying immunological processes but to the thyroid hormone excess itself. In euthyroid women taking estrogens for contraception CN2 was also elevated.

Arginine↗
PubMed1981

Auditory brain stem responses in thyroid dysfunction.

A characteristic pattern of ABR was observed in hyper-and hypofunction of the thyroid gland. The most conspicuous change took place in the BSCT. Its value correlated well with the level of serum T4. Dynamic changes of ABR pattern were recorded during the development of myxedema and on return to an euthyroid state. This preliminary study suggests that examinations of ABR may serve as a tool in the overall assessment of thyroid status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Thyroid dysfunction in HIV-infected children: is L-thyroxine therapy beneficial?

PURPOSE: To assess thyroid function in symptomatic HIV-infected infants and children with failure to thrive and to evaluate clinical response in patients with hyperthyrotropinemia to levothyroxine. METHODS: We evaluated 11 children (mean age: 1.5 years; males = 5, females = 6) with HIV infection and failure to thrive (weight and height > 2 SD below the mean) for presence of hypothyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) were measured. Four children with high basal TSH and one child with a normal basal TSH underwent the Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test as well. Four children received treatment with L-thyroxine. RESULTS: Eight of the 11 children had high basal TSH levels. All patients had normal or increased T4 values. The TRH stimulation test showed an exaggerated response in all four patients with high basal TSH values and a normal response in one patient with normal basal THS values. All four patients who received treatment with L-thyroxine showed normalization of the TSH. Increased growth velocity was noted in 3 of 4 patients. The fourth patient died within two weeks following initiation of therapy for overwhelming candida sepsis. The autopsy of this patient showed atrophy of the thyroid gland. Two of the four patients with high TSH levels, who did not receive L-thyroxine, died; the other two did not show any improvement in their height z scores. Two patients with a high TSH also had high thyroid-binding hormone (TBG) levels. Both patients with the high TBG died within 2 to 3 months of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Hypothyroidism as indicated by elevated basal TSH and abnormal TRH response was common in the HIV-infected children in this study and may have contributed to failure of growth in these children. Replacement therapy resulted in correction of abnormal TSH and improvement of height z scores during the period of observation. The significance of these findings needs to be confirmed in a larger prospective study.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Thyroid dysfunction following bone marrow transplantation: long-term follow-up of 80 pediatric patients.

Thyroid function was evaluated in children surviving disease-free for 2 years or more following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for severe aplastic anemia (27 patients), acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (28 patients), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (25 patients). Pre-BMT conditioning consisted of high dose chemotherapy and total lymphoid irradiation with 750 cGy for patients with severe aplastic anemia, and for patients with leukemia, high dose chemotherapy and single dose total body irradiation with 750-850 cGy (33 patients) or fractionated total body irradiation with 1320 cGy (20 patients). Compensated hypothyroidism (elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with a normal thyroxine index) occurred in 20/80 patients with a median time of onset of 12.3 months post-BMT (range 4-30). No patients developed primary hypothyroidism (elevated thyroid stimulating hormone with low thyroxine index). In seven patients, compensated hypothyroidism was transient with TSH returning to normal at a median of 60 months post-BMT (range 11-75). Six patients with compensated hypothyroidism received thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Time to development of compensated hypothyroidism was associated (p = 0.03) with underlying disease and radiation (11 of 27 patients with severe aplastic anemia + total lymphoid irradiation versus nine of 53 patients with leukemia + total body irradiation). In aplastic anemia patients, but not patients with leukemia, the incidence of thyroid hypofunction 5 years post-transplant was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in those receiving methotrexate alone (82%) as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease compared with those receiving a regimen of methotrexate, antithymocyte globulin and prednisone (16%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of a new strategy for detection of thyroid dysfunction in the routine laboratory.

We assessed the use of a new strategy for detecting thyroid disorders, utilizing a sensitive assay for concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroid hormone in serum as follow-up tests. Of 1279 patients who were not on thyroxin (T4) replacement treatment, 82% could be classified as euthyroid and would require no further tests. In patients who were on T4 replacement, 41% fell into the euthyroid category and would require no further tests. Using this strategy to replace our existing strategy of free thyroxin as a "first-line" test would reduce the proportion of patients who would require one or more follow-up tests from 49% to 24%.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗