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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Quantitative analysis of micro-CT imaging and histopathological signatures of experimental arthritis in rats.

Micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging provides a unique opportunity to capture 3-D architectural information in bone samples. In this study of pathological joint changes in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA), quantitative analysis of bone volume and roughness were performed by micro-CT imaging and compared with histopathology methods and paw swelling measurement. Micro-CT imaging of excised rat hind paws (n = 10) stored in formalin consisted of approximately 600 30-mum slices acquired on a 512 x 512 image matrix with isotropic resolution. Following imaging, the joints were scored from H&E stained sections for cartilage/bone erosion, pannus development, inflammation, and synovial hyperplasia. From micro-CT images, quantitative analysis of absolute bone volumes and bone roughness was performed. Bone erosion in the rat AA model is substantial, leading to a significant decline in tarsal volume (27%). The result of the custom bone roughness measurement indicated a 55% increase in surface roughness. Histological and paw volume analyses also demonstrated severe arthritic disease as compared to controls. Statistical analyses indicate correlations among bone volume, roughness, histology, and paw volume. These data demonstrate that the destructive progression of disease in a rat AA model can be quantified using 3-D micro-CT image analysis, which allows assessment of arthritic disease status and efficacy of experimental therapeutic agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative analysis of digital subtraction renal vasography in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease correlated with clinical and paraclinical data.

Digital intravenous subtraction angiography (DSA) of the kidneys provides an alternative means to achieve better screening of suspected, symptomless and unclear forms of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The method's capabilities for a quantitative analysis makes it particularly useful in patients with arterial hypertension. We report our experience in using DSA in 36 patients of whom 11 were with proven ADPKD and 15 with suspected ADPKD. The results analysed were correlated with laboratory data obtained in 28 healthy subjects. The importance of the intravenous DSA is underscored as a possible investigation modality for a quantitative analysis in relatively normal haemodynamic conditions of imaging the two kidney's symmetrically and normal conditions for comparison.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1998

Quantitative analysis of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in circulating peripheral blood of patients with hepatocellular and alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinomas.

In conjunction with strategies introduced in recent years to identify cancer micrometastasis through amplification of cancer-associated mRNA, we developed a highly sensitive system to detect alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in circulating peripheral blood of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The aim of the present study was to make our original system quantitative. Peripheral venous blood from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinoma was subjected to reverse transcription followed by our original three-step polymerase chain reaction co-amplifying both the original sequence and our synthetic competitor. We succeeded in modifying our system for quantitative analysis, and investigated the perioperative change, the postoperative change and the change after chemotherapy in order to illustrate the possible application of this method. The quantitative analysis of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA present in the peripheral blood represents a useful tool for analyzing the relationship of surgery to recurrence, the effect of chemotherapy, and to predict impending recurrence in patients with hepatocellular and alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinomas.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed2005

An on-membrane quantitative analysis system for glycyrrhizin in licorice roots and traditional Chinese medicines.

An on-membrane quantitative analysis system has been developed for determining glycyrrhizin (GC) in licorice roots and traditional Chinese medicines. A GC standard and the extracts of licorice roots and traditional Chinese medicines were applied to a polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and were developed by acetonitrile/water/formic acid (45:55:2, by volume), then treated with a NaIO4 solution followed by bovine serum albumin (BSA), resulting in a GC-BSA conjugate on a PES membrane. Anti-GC monoclonal antibody was bound and then a second antibody labeled with peroxidase directed against the first antibody. Finally a substrate reacted with the enzyme and gave staining. The stained membrane was scanned and coloring spots were analyzed quantitatively using graphic analysis by NIH Image software, indicating at least 0.5 microg of GC was clearly detectable. GC can be analyzed quantitatively between 1.0 and 8.0 microg.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1995

Quantitative analysis of retinal vascular changes in essential and renovascular hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a quantitative analysis method for retinal vascular changes and to study retinal vascular changes in patients with mild essential or renovascular hypertension in relation to 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study was performed in 10 patients with essential hypertension and nine with renovascular hypertension selected from the outpatient clinic (continuing medication) compared with eight age-matched normotensive control subjects. Fundal photography was performed in both eyes, preceded or succeeded (in random order) by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The fundus photographs were projected on a glass table and vascular morphometric variables were determined. Vascular density was evaluated using a stereological technique with a square grid overlay. The main outcome measures were arterial and venous diameters near the optic disc and at the first bifurcation, vessel length, angles of bifurcating arteries and veins, and peripheral arteriolar and venular density. RESULTS: Both the arterial and the venous diameter was larger in the essential hypertensives and the renovascular hypertensives compared with the controls. Vascular diameter was positively correlated with mean arterial pressure during the night and with the night : day mean arterial pressure ratio (a measure of nocturnal blood pressure decline). Venular density was decreased in essential hypertension only and was not correlated with blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Our quantitative retinal vascular analysis method detected an increased vascular diameter in both essential and renovascular hypertensives, which was related to night-time blood pressure and, in particular, to an attenuated nocturnal blood pressure decline. Vascular rarefaction in essential hypertension was not related to blood pressure and could influence the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Quantitative analysis of target components by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.

Quantitative analysis using comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC) is still rarely reported. This is largely due to a lack of suitable software. The objective of the present study is to generate quantitative results from a large GC x GC data set, consisting of 32 chromatograms. In this data set, six target components need to be quantified. We compare the results of conventional integration with those obtained using so-called "multiway analysis methods". With regard to accuracy and precision, integration performs slightly better than Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) analysis. In terms of speed and possibilities for automation, multiway methods in general are far superior to traditional integration.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative analysis of wild-type and HBeAg minus hepatitis B viruses by a sequence-dependent primer extension assay.

The ratio between wild-type hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HBV mutant, unable to secrete "e" antigen (HBeAg minus HBV) appears to be an important determinant of the outcome of chronic hepatitis B. Quantitative analysis of wild-type and HBeAg minus HBVs in the blood could be useful to monitor chronic hepatitis B patients. We developed a solid-phase minisequencing assay for both viruses using a primer-guided incorporation of a single labeled nucleotide on an affinity captured biotinylated amplified HBV-DNA template. A standard curve was constructed by mixing increasing quantities of wild type and mutant virus DNAs. The detection of wild-type and HBeAg minus sequences, ranging from 10% to 90% of overall viremia, was linear and reproducible till 0.1 pg/microliter of serum HBV-DNA. The assay yields numerical values and the ratio of incorporated nucleotides defines the relative proportions (%) of the two viral sequences with accuracy. We tested the sensitivity and accuracy of the minisequencing on mixed end point dilutions of wild-type and HBeAg minus reference sera and amplified products. The feasibility and reproducibility of the assay were tested in 35 sera from 21 HBsAg positive patients with chronic hepatitis B using both minisequencing and oligo-hybridization assays. A high correlation was found between the two assays (r = 0.957 P < 0.0001). In conclusion, the minisequencing assay provides a precise and reproducible quantitative analysis of wild-type and HBeAg minus HBVs in clinical specimens. It is proposed to study the relations between HBV heterogeneity and the course of hepatitis B and its response to therapy.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2002

What nonresponse to intracavernous injection really indicates: a determination by quantitative analysis.

PURPOSE: In addition to its usefulness as a therapeutic modality, intracavernous injection may also be done in a diagnostic capacity. While a good response to an intracavernous injection test rules out venous leakage, a failed erectile response to the test in the office setting may not be completely representative of the patient erectile state. We determined by quantitative analysis the likely significance of failure to respond to intracavernous injection testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients evaluated with the standard erectile dysfunction assessment at our andrology clinic between 1996 and 1999 were included in analysis. All 122 patients who did not meet study exclusion criteria underwent a test dose of intracavernous injection with papaverine, phentolamine and prostaglandin E1. Regardless of the response or lack of response to the test the men then underwent nocturnal penile tumescence testing, penile blood flow study and re-dose pharmacocavernosography. Results of these adjunctive tests were compared to the outcome of a papaverine, phentolamine and prostaglandin E1 intracavernous injection test by quantitative analysis. RESULTS: A total of 87 patients failed to respond to the test dose. Average age of the nonresponders versus responders was 46.8 versus 33.8 years. The duration of erectile dysfunction in nonresponders versus responders was 31.0 versus 13.7 months. Poor intracavernous injection responders required an average of 1.9-fold greater induction flow and 6-fold greater maintenance flow than good responders. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the best predictors of the intracavernous injection test response were erectile dysfunction duration (ROC 0.99), patient age (ROC 0.87), maintenance flow (ROC 0.86), pressure loss (ROC 0.83) and resistive index (ROC 0.82). The ROC area for peak systolic velocity was 0.69. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that age and erectile dysfunction duration alone are the most important variables affecting the results of an intracavernous injection test. However, in patients older than 40 years with a greater than 2-year history of erectile dysfunction failure to respond to intracavernous injection testing is most closely associated with venous insufficiency, as evidenced by the high ROC values for variables indicative of venous insufficiency, namely maintenance flow, pressure loss and the resistive index. Therefore, nonresponse to an office intracavernous injection test in an older patient with erectile dysfunction of long duration is most likely due to venous leakage. If only 1 confirmatory test is possible, cavernosometry provides the most information.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1993

Quantitative analysis of dystrophin gene amplification products using a PC-based image analysis system.

A PC-based image analysis system for gel photographs of DNA gel patterns was developed. It was originally designed as a general-purpose, low-cost, yet high-performance system for wide applications in the biomedical area. In this study, we performed analysis of gel images obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The system employs a high-resolution CCD camera that can accurately measure grayness of the gel photographs for quantitative analysis of PCR products. The target DNA (exon 52 of the dystrophin gene), which had been found to be deleted in some patients with Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD), was amplified for the female family members together with the control DNA (exon 60) as a reference. The ratio of the target DNA to the control DNA was determined from PCR products to identify the carrier status of this disease by means of gene dosage. We conclude that 'the PC-based image analysis system' was useful for quantitative deletion analysis of DMD/BMD heterozygotes.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of a thermoset polymer, poly(benzoxazine), by pyrolysis-gas chromatography.

The chemical composition of a poly(benzoxazine) thermoset polymer (a copolymer of bisphenol-A benzoxazine and tert.-butylphenol benzoxazine) has been studied by pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC). Major pyrolysates have been identified and the possible degradation pathways have been investigated. A specific pyrolysate was identified for quantitative analysis after carefully proving the linear relationship between the pyrolysate signal intensity and monomer concentration over a wide range of compositions. A method to determine the concentration of the monomer that potentially acts as a cross-linking unit has been developed. In this study, Py-GC was shown to be an excellent analytical technique for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of thermoset polymers.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMed1987

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the anthelmintic fenbendazole and its metabolites in biological matrices by direct exposure probe mass spectrometry.

Methodology for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the anthelmintic fenbendazole and its metabolites in goat feces using electron impact (EI)/direct exposure probe (DEP)/mass spectrometric (MS) and tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) techniques is presented. Analyses were conducted on extracts from spiked feces and feces from animals treated per os with 5 mg fenbendazole/kg, with samples being collected at zero time and at twelve hour intervals for 144 h. The results of the EI/DEP/MS quantitation of these samples are compared to those for the same samples analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mass spectral data for fenbendazole and its metabolites are presented and the advantages of the use of EI/DEP/MS and/or DEP/MS/MS over HPLC are discussed. This methodology may be used as a confirmatory method for the HPLC analysis of fenbendazole and its metabolites or may be used as a method in its own right for the rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of these compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Quantitative analysis of mesangial areas in serial biopsied patients with IgA nephropathy.

Clinical courses of 22 patients with IgA nephropathy, who received serial renal biopsies at a mean interval of 36 +/- 11 months, were observed until 2 years after the second biopsy. Of 22 patients, 12 showed no detectable changes in semiquantitatively analyzed mesangial sclerosis between the serial biopsies. By quantitative analysis, on the other hand, mesangial areas decreased between the serial biopsies in 12 patients (group I), and increased in 10 (group II). At the time of the first biopsy, there were no differences between the two groups in sex, age, creatinine clearance (Ccr), urine protein, hematuria, hypertension, treatment and histological parameters. Although Ccr in group I was stable during the 5-year follow-up, group II showed progressive deterioration of Ccr (p less than 0.005). Histologically, mesangial hypercellularity and crescent formation improved in group I (p less than 0.005 and (p less than 0.05, respectively), and tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis progressed in group II (p less than 0.05, each). These results demonstrate that changes in mesangial areas evaluated by quantitative analysis between serial renal biopsies are a valuable prognostic indicator in IgA nephropathy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2005

A rapid HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis of saponins in "XUESETONG" injection.

'XUESETONG' injection, one of the most widely used proprietary medicines in traditional Chinese medicine, consists of total saponins made from Panax notoginseng, which is a highly valued and important Chinese medicinal herb. It is used to treat cardiovascular diseases. In order to control the quality of XUESETONG injection, a rapid HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of the saponins. The analyses were performed on SB-C18 column using gradient elution in 25 min. Full scan and time programmed selected reaction monitoring (SRM) were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of saponins, respectively. Twenty-seven saponins were identified and nine of them including notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf and Rg1 were quantified. Ten XUESETONG injections were analyzed and compared. The results showed that there is a great variation among different samples. In conclusion, the developed method is rapid, accurate and sensitive for qualitative and quantitative analysis of saponins in XUESETONG injection. Moreover, it also can be used for the quality control of P. notoginseng raw material and its preparations.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2001

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of regional left ventricular wall dynamics using real-time magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with conventional breath-hold gradient echo acquisition in volunteers and patients.

A real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition sequence was evaluated for the assessment of left ventricular wall motion (WM) and wall thickening (WT). Ten normal volunteers and 21 patients were studied. Short-axis cine images of the left ventricle (LV) were acquired with a fast gradient echo and an ultrafast segmented echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of WM and WT was performed on a segmental basis. Qualitative scores agreed between the two methods in 691 of 724 segments (95.4%) with good reproducibility. Quantitative measurements of WM and WT were significantly lower (P < 0.001) with the real-time method (WM: mean bias, 0.49 mm; WT: mean bias, 0.61 mm). The largest differences were observed in the anterior and lateral segments and in patients with dilated ventricles. The lower resolution of the real-time sequence and artifacts was probably responsible for these differences. In conclusion, real-time cardiac MRI can be used for qualitative assessment of wall dynamics but is presently insufficient for quantitative analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Precision in capillary electrophoresis with respect to quantitative analysis of suramin.

Suramin is an important anti-tumor and anti-viral chemotherapeutic agent. We have previously presented a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for its quantitative analysis, where its quantitation was linear over three orders of magnitude, with good precision (1.8%) and accuracy. The constantly varying electroosmotic properties of the capillary due to various causes such as analyte adsorption to the inner wall, affect the migration times of analytes during consecutive electrophoresis runs. This results in progressive changes in analyte peak areas, causing less desirable or unacceptable CE assay precision. This paper illustrates a strategy to overcome the problem of assay reproducibility by using an internal standard whose migration time is short and close to that of the analyte so that the relative change of migration time is minimized. Assay precisions as good as 0.3% were observed in these experiments. These results are in agreement with the theoretical basis of experimental capillary electrophoresis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Quantitative analysis of type IV collagen subchains in the glomerular basement membrane of patients with Alport syndrome with confocal microscopy.

BACKGROUND: Alport syndrome (AS) is an inherited nephropathy characterized by glomerular basement membrane (GBM) abnormalities due to mutations in the type IV collagen genes. Through immunofluorescence analysis, the absence of alpha3(IV), alpha4(IV) and alpha5(IV) chains within the GBM has been shown in the majority of AS cases. In some atypical AS cases, however, staining of the GBM with antibodies against the alpha3(IV), alpha4(IV) and alpha5(IV) chains appeared normal. In this study, we studied these atypical AS cases by quantitative analysis of the expression of type IV collagen subchains in GBM. METHODS: Twelve patients diagnosed with AS, yet having normal staining for alpha3(IV) and alpha5(IV) chains in the GBM, were recruited. Quantitative analysis of type IV collagen subchains in the GBM was performed using confocal microscopy and immunofluorescence double label techniques. RESULTS: The absolute amounts of alpha3(IV), alpha4(IV) and alpha5(IV) were significantly lower in AS patients than that in normal subjects, associated with up-regulated expression of type IV collagen in GBM. It was found that eight cases had decreased ratios of alpha3(IV)/IV, alpha4(IV)/IV and alpha5(IV)/IV in the GBM simultaneously; one had reduced levels of alpha3(IV)/IV and alpha5(IV)/IV but had a normal level of alpha4(IV)/IV, and one had reduced alpha3(IV)/IV with normal alpha4(IV)/IV and alpha5(IV)/IV levels. The remaining two patients had normal ratios of alpha3(IV)/IV, alpha4(IV)/IV and alpha5(IV)/IV. CONCLUSIONS: Confocal analysis demonstrated for the first time that the ratios of alpha3(IV)/IV, alpha4(IV)/IV and alpha5(IV)/IV in the GBM decreased in patients with AS, even though routine immunofluorescence staining for alpha(IV) chains appeared normal. This result not only sheds light on the pathogenesis of AS, but also provides an alternative approach to diagnose atypical AS cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Quantitative analysis of particulate matter in infusion solutions, administration sets and additives (author's transl)].

There have been recevitly many comments on clinical and experimental reports which have demonstrated the safety problems associated with parenteral drugs contaminated with particles. Some countries have developed recommendations with a standard for counting of particles and their limits. Based on these limits, we have made a critical quantitative analysis of particulate matter in the most common commercially produced solutions, of particles added during manipulations in clinics and addition of drugs. Most authorities agree that particulate contamination should be kept to a minimum, above all in an intensive-care-unit where patients receive large quantities of solutions. As the risk to the patient is unacceptably high, many authors ask for filters to prevent the injection of particles in the bloodstream and their pathological consequences. A filter pore-size of 5 to 10 micron should be able to reduce this problem in a sufficient manner, without decreasing the infusion flow; whereas membrane-filters (0.22 micron), with their own problems, could also eliminate bacteria together with their microbiological hazards. Another source of particulate matter is represented by the injection of two or more drugs, administered at the same time, which may lead to chemical incompatibilities. This problem is not yet defined very well. To complete our quantitative analysis, we decided to start a prospective clinical study.

Critical Care↗
PubMed2001

Quantitative analysis of indole-3-acetic acid metabolites in Arabidopsis.

A general gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (MS)-based screen was performed to identify catabolites and conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) during vegetative growth of Arabidopsis. This experiment revealed the existence of two new conjugates: N-(indole-3-acetyl)-alfa-alanine (IA-Ala) and N-(indole-3-acetyl)-alfa-leucine (IA-Leu). A method for quantitative analysis of IAA metabolites in plant extracts by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem MS has been developed. The accuracy and precision of the new method are better than 10% for standards close to the detection limit, and are between 6% and 16% for the entire protocol applied to plant extracts. The low detection limits, 0.02 to 0.1 pmol for the different metabolites, made it possible to use as little as 50 to 100 mg of tissue for quantitative analysis. The analysis was performed on different tissues of an Arabidopsis plant at two stages of development, using heavy labeled internal standards of the catabolite 2-oxoindole-3-acetic acid as well as IAA conjugated to amino acids: aspartate, glutamate, Ala, and Leu. Expanding leaves and roots that generally contain high amounts of the free hormone also contained the highest levels of IA-aspartate, IA-glutamate, and 2-oxoindole-3-acetic acid, supporting their role as irreversible catabolic products. The levels of IA-Leu and IA-Ala did not follow the general distribution of IAA. Interestingly, the level of IA-Leu was highest in roots and IA-Ala in the aerial tissues.

Arabidopsis↗