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PubMed1972

Vocational training for general practice: a comparison of the views of trainees and teachers.

The views of 89 vocational trainees were compared with those of 45 doctors concerned in schemes of vocational training for general practice. Both groups agreed over most points, except on the desirability of compulsory vocational training: 42 of the trainees thought this to be desirable compared with 35 of the teachers.The composite scheme favoured by both trainees and teachers offered an initial period in general practice together with an organized course of seminars throughout the training period. The subjects in which most considered hospital experience essential were paediatrics, general medicine, and obstetrics and gynaecology.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Resumption and maintenance of employment after a first acute myocardial infarction: sociodemographic, vocational and medical predictors.

In a community cohort of 833 women and men aged <60 years, employed at the time of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the relation of sociodemographic, vocational, and medical variables to the following three aspects of employment was investigated longitudinally: resumption of employment anytime within 5 years after AMI, resumption of employment within 3 months of the AMI, and maintenance of employment 5 years after AMI. Different sets of characteristics of persons with a first AMI were related to the different criteria of employment. Only sociodemographic and vocational variables were related to early resumption of employment, whereas maintenance of employment 5 years after AMI was influenced by both medical and nonmedical variables. These results support the importance of examining different aspects of resumption and maintenance of employment after AMI. They also suggest that early resumption of employment after AMI and employment anytime 5 years after AMI are more a function of the sociodemographic and vocational characteristics of the person with the AMI than of that person's medical condition, whereas long-term maintenance of employment after an AMI is also related to the person's medical condition.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

The common space of personality traits and vocational interests.

Investigated relationships between personality traits and vocational interests. Cattell's (Research and Consultations Center of Educational Personnel, 1976) CAQ Part I and the Ramak interest inventory (Meir, 1975) based upon Roe's (1956) occupational classification system were administered to a sample of 397 university applicants. Canonical Correlation Analysis and Smallest Space Analysis were used to test two hypotheses (a) relationships exist between personality traits and vocational interests; and (b) personality traits which characterize occupational profiles are arranged in circular order corresponding to the configuration Of the vocational fields which represent those occupations. Both hypotheses were supported by the data.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Differences in characteristics preferred by college students for academic advisors, vocational counselors, and psychotherapists: a preliminary report.

144 college students rated an academic advisor, a vocational counselor, or a psychotherapist on 10 characteristics and subsequently rated each of the three types of counseling situations on how "personal" they perceived each to be. Sex of experimenter and sex of subject were varied systematically. Female subjects when tested by a male experiment preferred a psychotherapist be more religious than an academic advisor or vocational counselor. Subjects viewed psychotherapy as a more personal situation than academic advising or vocational counseling.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Vocational interests of adolescents: relationships between self-esteem and locus of control.

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among scores on vocational interests, self-esteem, and locus of control for high school students. Grade and sex differences were also examined. 1364 high school students ranging in age from 14 to 19 years of age were administered the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory, Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children, and the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory. High school students with higher scores on self-esteem and showing an orientation toward internal locus of control expressed more interests in a variety of vocational themes than adolescents with lower scores on self-esteem and scores for external locus of control. Sex and grade differences in vocational interests of adolescents were also noted. The findings were discussed in light of theoretical and practical considerations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Belgian general practitioners on their vocational training: a postal inquiry.

Vocational training of general practitioners in Belgium consists--among others--of 34 seminars to be followed in small groups during a period of two years. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for continuing evaluation of this system, and to gather evaluative data. 58% of 177 young general practitioners responded to our postal inquiry, in which ten open-ended questions were put, and 50 statements were to be rated on a six-point-scale. The inquiry revealed that the Belgian vocational training has a large influence on the evolution from inexperienced young doctor to self-confident general practitioner. Factor analysis on the scores of the 50 statements uncovered three dimensions: (1) working climate, (2) learning results, and (3) identification. The reliability of the scales, constructed for each of these factors, was between 0.80 and .86 (Cronbach's alpha). Mean scores on these scales were all high. The Belgian vocational training seems to be accepted and appreciated by the young GPs, but improvements might be suggested.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Handicap 1 year following surgery for lumbar disc herniation: special reference to social and vocational factors.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to clarify social and vocational factors defining occupation handicap in 212 patients operated 1 year earlier for lumbar disc herniation. It seemed that many social and vocational factors had a significant correlation with low back pain problems. Although it is not always relevant to offer social and vocational factors as the cause of back complaint, these may be regarded as associated factors where the link could exist through coping with life situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Life-span developmental processes from the point of view of the elderly: an examination of vocational life].

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences and meanings of crises and to clarify types of the vocational life-cycle the elderly recognized in life review. Subjects were 50 elderly persons at home (male: 39, female: 11, 66-79 years old), who took part in an individually semi-structured interview. Vocational life processes involved school decision making, career decision making, career development, retirement, and final retirement from the work. As a result, more than 50% of the elderly had experienced crises at final school decision making, and with career development in their thirties' and forties'. Moreover, four types of vocational life-cycles were found. They were the appreciating type, the decision making type, the career development type, and the moderate type. The appreciating type was further sub-categorized into the consistent type, the modifying type, the overcoming type and the unfolding type. Finally, relationships between these types and attitudes toward retirement were examined. Positive attitudes toward retirement were high in the consistent type, while negative attitudes were high in the modifying type.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of gender in vocational preferences and personality traits in Medical students].

OBJECTIVE: In this paper, we try to analyze he possible relationships between gender of the Medical students, their personality and their vocational preferences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1,482 2nd year medical students from the Valencia University were analyzed. They answered and anonymous survey on their sociodemographic characteristics and their vocational interests. We determined their personality profile with the 16 PF of Cattell. The data obtained were analyzed with the logistic regression techniques. RESULTS: Most of the population analyzed were female (62.7%) with a medium age of 20 years. The Pediatric and Gynecology-Obstetrics specialities were preferred mostly by female students and Orthopedic surgery by male students. The female students had a specific personality traits, they were more < > (A+), < > (G+), Boldness (H+), < > (n+) and < > (Q3+). While the male students were more < > (I+), < > (L+), < > (M+), < > Q2(+). CONCLUSIONS: Gender has a significant influence on the medical student both in their vocational preferences as well as their personality profile.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A re-examination of the rate of vocational dysfunction among patients with anosmia and mild to moderate closed head injury.

This study sought to verify two earlier reports that up to 93% of patients with closed head injury (CHI) and anosmia are vocationally dysfunctional due to executive impairments associated with orbitofrontal damage. Participants were 11 men and 4 women identified from a pool of 60 potential subjects referred for evaluation of trauma-related chemosensory dysfunction at the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center from 1988 to 1994. These 15 subjects met four criteria: (i) willingness to complete a brief semi-structured interview concerning their pre- and post-CHI work history; (ii) age <60 years; (iii) evidence of mild to moderate CHI; and (iv) scores on the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test indicative of anosmia or severe microsmia and non-malingering. In contrast to the earlier reports, only 7% of the subjects were vocationally dysfunctional. This study calls into question previous reports suggesting that anosmia is a reliable predictor of post-CHI vocational outcome.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Physician assistant vocational satisfaction.

Physician assistants (PAs) are known to be highly satisfied with their vocational choices, but the reasons for this high degree of satisfaction are not known. The author mailed a survey to 2,323 PAs whose names were randomly chosen from the mailing list of the American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA) to examine the factors that PAs feel contribute to vocational satisfaction. The survey response rate was 50%. PAs were found to be highly satisfied with their careers, specialty choices, and jobs. From qualitative data, 21 factors for vocational satisfaction and 29 factors for dissatisfaction were identified. The identified variables could be used to guide PA professional policy development and aid PA employers in making organizational and management decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of a vocational robot with a quadriplegic employee.

A vocational robotic workstation capable of performing activities of daily living (ADL) and vocational tasks was placed for 18 months in the work site of an employee with C4 to C5 quadriplegia. A single-subject study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the robot vs that of a human attendant. The employee preferred the robot over the attendant for performance of all vocational tasks and ADLs, with the exception of feeding. Results indicated that the robot was capable of safely replacing the attendant for two five-hour periods during the workday, thus proving to be a cost-effective alternative to full-time, on-the-job attendant care. The study demonstrated the potential of robotics technology for returning independence and control to disabled employees and for offering corporate employers a solution to the problem of reasonable accommodation in the workplace.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

[Relationship between contraceptive use behavior and related knowledge and cognition among vocational high school students].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between contraceptive use behaviors and related knowledge and cognition among vocational high school students. METHODS: A computer-administrated anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted among grade one students from three vocational high schools in a district of Shanghai. Based on Health Belief Model, four cognition indexes including perceived benefits, barriers, sex behavior related risks and self-efficacy were applied. RESULTS: Among 1612 respondents, the students who had sexual experience accounted for 7.01% (113/1612). At first sex, 56.64% (64/113) of respondents reported contraceptives use; and the methods most reported were condom (58.70%, 27/46) and oral contraceptive (27.78%, 5/18) respectively for male and female. Most reasons for non-use were feeling shy to buy it (26.53%, 13/49) and the opposite sex's unwillingness to use (18.37%, 9/49). Among those who had experienced sex, 68.35% (54/79) and 68.42% (52/76) of respondents thought withdrawal and rhythm were effective methods. Only 23.26% (10/43) of subjects who had ever used condom could gain the full score of knowledge on how to use condom. A few respondents (22.86%, 24/105) who had sex experience knew that "If a person is infected with STD, he/she may not have noticeable symptoms". And 40.63% (26/64) of respondents who had not use contraceptive at first sex considered that "Infrequent intercourse cannot cause a girl pregnant even she has experienced her menstruation". The level of perceived risks was lowest among four cognition indexes. Contraceptive related knowledge and cognition may contribute to respondents' contraceptive use behaviors at first sex, and only related cognition contribute to contraceptive use behaviors at recent sex. CONCLUSION: It should be urgent to improve contraception knowledge and cognition among vocational high school students and provide youth-friendly contraceptive services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Vocational training in Ireland: an overview.

Vocational training in dentistry in Ireland was first established in 1999 to introduce new graduates to the practice of dentistry and to provide general dental training. The Vocational Dental Practitioner (VDP) spends two days per week in private practice, two days in the health board and one day on day-release attending lectures. Their salary is paid by the Health Service Executive (HSE). The VDP completes a portfolio book throughout the year to demonstrate their progress. Vocational training is not currently mandatory in Ireland. However it does come highly recommended as an excellent start to any dental career.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1985

The effects of vocational noise exposure on hearing aid battery subjective life.

This study examined the effects of vocational training noise on subjective battery life and on battery current drain, in 5 different class B hearing aids worn by students at a school for the deaf. Each S used a mercury battery in the morning in an average listening school environment with a 2-hr period of vocational noise exposure included, and another battery in an average school listening environment from after lunch to bed time. Voltage measurements and usage hrs were recorded until S reported the battery was not working. There were no mean differences in subjective battery life nor in recorded voltage drop between the two conditions. Battery life in 2 batteries exposed to vocational noise may have been extended due to a 10-day rest period during the spring break for these 2 students.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Integrating hospital and family practice posts in vocational training for family medicine.

Postgraduate training programmes for family medicine are developing simultaneously in many different parts of the world. In the UK continuity of care is highly valued but vocational training schemes have not been able to provide continuity of care for patients throughout a three-year training course.In Puerto Rico a vocational training scheme exists in which residents are enabled to integrate their hospital and family practice work throughout a three-year course. This arrangement is described and compared and contrasted with vocational training in the UK.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed1980

Vocational training and recruitment into general practice.

A recent survey of doctors in the practice year of vocational training indicates a strong preference for group practice from purpose-built premises (health centre and other) with multidisciplinary staffing and attachments. While it might be assumed that the introduction of mandatory vocational training would provide a continuing supply of well trained recruits into general practice, it may well raise recruitment problems for those areas where practice facilities and opportunities do not meet with expectations. This possibility is of particular concern for those metropolitan regions encompassing inner city areas which have traditionally been highly dependent on hospital-based services, but where deficiencies in primary care provision, particularly in terms of practice structure and premises, have been identified repeatedly over the past 30 years. In view of the present policies for changing the balance of care away from the hospitals, there is an urgent need to develop primary care facilities which will accord with the expectations of vocationally trained general practitioners and their population of patients.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1981

Vocational training: work in a developing country and British general practice.

I present evidence from my personal experience of vocational training followed by 18 months' work in an African hospital, to show that:1. By extending and reinforcing vocational training, my time abroad was relevant to my future career as a British general practitioner.2. Vocational training is a good preparation for any doctor intent on spending a limited time working in a developing country.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗