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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Correlation between chewing and smoking habits and precancerous lesions in hill tribes of northern Thailand.

In a field study, 1866 people from different hill tribes (Lahu, Karen, Lisu and Meo) of northern Thailand and a group of rural Thai were examined for chewing, smoking and drinking habits and precancerous lesions of the oral mucosa. Traditional chewing and smoking habits were more prevalent among older people; cigarette smoking, in contrast, was more prevalent in younger and middle-aged individuals. Preleukoplakia was observed in 1.8%, leukoplakia in 1.1% and chewer's mucosa in 13.1% of the study population. Men and older patients were affected more frequently; chewer's mucosa was seen more often in women (Karen, Thai). A correlation between precancerous lesions and some oral habits could be demonstrated statistically.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence of high blood pressure in Qashqai Tribe, Southern Iran, 1973.

On the basis cross sectional health and morbidity survey was conducted in 1973, an attempt was made to measure the prevalence of high blood pressure among Qashqai Tribe. Our study showed that hypertension is by no means a rare condition among nomads and it tends to be a little higher in women than in men age group 35 years and over. Our figures showed that the pattern of increase of prevalence of high blood pressure with the increase of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Incidence of intestinal parasitosis among the Batwa and Hutu pygmy tribes of Rwanda].

The AA have carried out an epidemiological investigation on the incidence of intestinal parasitosis in groups of populations belonging to the pygmoid tribes Batwa and Hutu living in the Northern and Southern regions of Rwanda (East Africa). Positivity for intestinal parasites (protozoa and/or helminths) reached 100% in the 309 subjects examined, no significant difference in prevalence being observed between the Northern and Southern groups. Among the protozoa, E. coli and E. histolytica were most commonly found, while trichocephalosis and ascaridiasis were the most frequently encountered helminthiasis. The occasional finding of Strongyloides fülleborni infestation should also be pointed out.

Cestode Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Outbreak of hospital infection, due to members of the Klebsielleae tribe, in an intensive care unit for infants].

At the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Provincial Regional Hospital, in Río Cuarto, Argentina, nearly all hospitalized infants showed clinical symptoms of septicaemia and gastroenteritis. Neither Salmonella nor Shigella were found in the stool cultures, but Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated as predominant flora. Three haemocultures displayed K. pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae; the other three developed only E. cloacae. Since the infants came from different places and it was possible to isolate members of the Klebsielleae tribe from all of them, a hospital infection was suspected. Searching for the infectious source, K. pneumoniae was detected in the water bath used to keep the feeding-bottles at 37 degrees C. To clarify the existence of any relationship between the strains isolated from patients and from the water bath, several characteristics were compared: biotypes, haemolityc activity, antibiotic sensibility patterns, and pathogenicity, assessed as lethal dose 50%. Identical results were found for the biochemical tests of all the strains belonging to the same species. The antibiotic sensibility patterns and LD 50% showed quite similar values. All bacteria displayed haemolityc activity for rabbit and lamb erythrocytes. It could be considered that the septicaemia had an intestinal origin, and that the infection spread was due to the contamination of the water bath where the feeding bottles were kept.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Cataract and corneal opacity are the main causes of blindness in the Samburu tribe of Kenya.

An ocular status survey of the Samburu tribe of Kenya was carried out. There were 844 survey members in an age and sex stratified cluster sample. The prevalence of those who were found to have moderate visual loss or worse (less than 20/60 [6/18] in the better eye) was 3.8%. Those blind by USA criteria represented 1.7% of the total population. The two principal causes of blindness, cataract and corneal opacity, are both surgically amenable. A description of the Samburu people, the survey methods, and a summary of the survey findings are included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Type I hypersensitivity to pollen of the Poaceae family (Gramineae), by tribe, in atopic dermatitis patients].

Type I Hypersensitivity to Poaceae pollen was tested in 27 Costa Rican patients with a clinical diagnosis of Atopic Dermatitis (six were males). Skin prick tests were done with 1/10 W/V, 50% glycerinated, pollen extracts, organized by tribes. Most patients had several allergic problems. Sensitivity increased with the number of allergic diagnoses. Positivity ranged from 25% in patients with Atopic Dermatitis exclusively to 100% in those with three or four simultaneous allergic illnesses. Andropogoneae was highest with 37% while the lower positivity was in the Paniceae (22.2%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer risk factors in three Sioux tribes. Use of the Indian-specific health risk appraisal for data collection and analysis.

Cancer mortality rates for Aberdeen Area Indians exceed U.S. rates with lung cancer being the leading cause of cancer death. The Sioux Cancer Study, an ancillary study of the Strong Heart Study, investigated cancer and cancer risk factors among tribal members aged 45-74 in three Sioux tribes in North and South Dakota. An Indian-specific health risk appraisal was used to collect data and provide specific recommendations to participants. The high rates of smoking (56% for men and 48% for women) explain the high lung cancer mortality rates. Intensive smoking cessation and prevention programs will likely have the greatest impact in reducing preventable cancer deaths. More accessible cervical and breast cancer screening provided by female health care providers is needed to reduce preventable cancer deaths among Sioux women. Pap smear screening is an especially high priority since cervical cancer mortality is 4.4 times higher than U.S. rates, all races. Programs targeted to reduce obesity and excessive alcohol use will also likely reduce preventable cancer deaths associated with high rates of obesity, diabetes and binge drinking. Community-based cancer prevention and control programs tailored to the cancer risk factor profile of the community are the best strategy to reduce preventable cancer deaths in Indian communities.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Observations on the epidemiology of human taeniasis amongst the Goemai tribe of northern Nigeria.

A study on the epidemiology of human taeniasis amongst the Goemai tribe of Kwande rural community of Qua'an Pan Local Government Area carried out between January and June, 1991 is reported. 115 or 11.5% of the 1,000 persons examined were infected. Of the 614 males and 386 females examined, 77 (12.5%) and 38 (9.9%) respectively had infections. No significant difference in prevalence rates was recorded between the sexes and age groups. Infection was significantly higher (P < 0.05) among farmers than other occupational categories, and in those eating half roasted/cooked meat than in persons eating well-cooked meat. Other epidemiological factors relating to type of toilet facilities used as well as some socio-cultural and traditional beliefs of Goemai people which encourage host-parasite contact and their implications for public health are discussed. Suggestions are made for the control of human taeniasis in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Heterozygosity and fertility in the Northern Selkup tribe].

The relationship between heterozygosity for 11 polymorphic loci and fertility of women having passed the menopause was studied in North-Siberian tribe North Selkup. Women with low level of heterozygosity were characterized by the highest values of variance of the number of livebirths and the index of early reproductive loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in tea garden tribes of Assam, India.

P. falciparum was the predominant parasite ( > 80%) species in malaria ridden tea estates of Assam. A simplified 3 day in vivo test to determine chloroquine sensitivity in tea garden tribes revealed that the majority of the cases (85%) were S/RI, 7% were RI, and 3% were RII and 5% were RIII, respectively. Early case detection and treatment were deemed necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality due to P. falciparum in these tea estates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Anthropometric measurements of the Nilotic tribes in a refugee camp.

The heights and weights of 2,233 randomly selected adult Nilotic immigrants from Southern Sudan (50.8% Dinkas, 43.8% Nuers, 3.4% Anuaks and 2.0% Shilluks) that have settled in Itang, Southwestern Ethiopia were measured. The mean height, weight and body mass index [BMI = weight(kg)/the square of height(m2)] of men (N = 1,1618) were 175.9 + 9 cm) (+/- SD), 59.7 +/- 8 kg, and 19.4 +/- 2, respectively, and those of women (N = 615) were 169.0 +/- 7 cm, 54.0 +/- 8 kg, and 19.1 +/- 3, respectively. The mean height of Dinka men (176.4 +/- 9 cm) and Nuer men (175.7 +/- 9 cm) were significantly higher than that of Anuak men (171.7 +/- 8 cm) and Shilluk men (172.6 +/- 6.1 cm). The Nuer women's mean height, weight and BMI were significantly lower than those of the other tribes'. This study confirms that the Nilotics in Southern Sudan have slender bodies and are amongst the tallest in the world, and may attain greater height if priviledged with favourable environmental conditions during early childhood and adolescence, allowing full expression of the genetic material.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy of Pap smear and mammogram self-reports in a southwestern Native American tribe.

The use of Pap smears and mammograms in the Native American population is not well documented and the validity of women's self-reports is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement between women's self-reports of their Pap smear and mammogram histories with their medical records in one Native American tribe. Two hundred fifty-one women between the ages of 35 and 65 answered questions regarding their Pap smear and mammogram histories. These women then underwent an education program and one year later they again answered questions about their Pap smear and mammogram histories. Two hundred four of the original 251 women completed the education program and the second questionnaire. On the first questionnaire, 51.0% of women's claims to have received a Pap smear within the past 12 months were verified by the record audit and 69.2% of claims of receiving a mammogram within the past 12 months were verified. On the second questionnaire, 46.7% of women who said they had received a Pap smear within the past 12 months had their claims verified by their records, and 45.2% of women's claims of receiving a mammogram within the past 12 months were verified. These results suggest that patient recall alone should not be used to determine date of last procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A medical evaluation mission to the mountain tribes on the high plateaus of central Vietnam].

The Vietnamity Association and Association for Aid to Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam is sponsoring a health plan for the mountain tribes living on the high plateaux of central Vietnam in the Kontum region. Within this framework a team of doctors undertook a medical evaluation mission in several villages in the region. The purpose of this report is to describe observation made in the subjects who consulted on a voluntary basis without active screening. A total of 618 subjects including 400 children were examined. Fifty Blood smears and 12 direct stool examinations were performed. Otorhinolaryngologic, respiratory, parasitic, and digestive disorders due mainly to poor hygiene of the skin and teeth were the most frequent reasons for consultation. Management of malaria and tuberculosis are urgent problems. Several realistic proposals are made based on the diseases observed, the populations involved, and the facilities at the disposal of the commissioning associations.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Genetic polymorphisms of red cell enzymes in tribes of Andhra Pradesh, India.

The genetic heterogeneity of some common red cell enzyme markers among four endogamous tribal populations namely Konda Dora, Kotia, Bod Mali and Manzai Mali was investigated by starch/polyacrylamide/cellulose acetate gel electrophoresis. ACP, ESD, PGM1, G6PD, AK1, ADA, 6PGD enzymes and haemoglobin exhibited a polymorphism. PGM2, LDH, MDH, SOD, GOT, CA1, CA2 and GPI were monomorphic. A slow variant of SOD similar to that found in SOD 2-1 heterozygote was observed with a frequency of 1.31% among Kotia tribe. Most populations of the present study were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the majority of the genetic markers examined. The results are discussed in the light of available data on other Andhra populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Claves ilustradas para las subfamilias, tribus y géneros de esfécidos neotropicales (Apoidea: Sphecidae) [Illustrated clues for subfamilies, tribes, and genera of neotropical Spheciade (Apoidea:Sphecidae)].

141 genera of Sphecidae, representing 1,628 species, are known from the Neotropical Region. Illustrated keys to genera, tribes, and subfamilies are presented in Spanish and English. These have been modified and updated from those in Bohart & Menke's 1976 book, Sphecid Wasps of the World. The validity of a few genera recognized by Bohart & Menke is now in question and the keys are annotated to alert users to these problems. A list of neotropical genera and higher taxa is included. Names in the list are appended with significant literature published since 1976. The history and current status of subfamilies are reviewed. Ten subfamilies are recognized. Family characters and biology are summarized. Morphological terms are illustrated and a glossary provided.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Suicide prevention evaluation in a Western Athabaskan American Indian Tribe--New Mexico, 1988-1997.

Since 1979, suicide and homicide have alternated as the second and third leading causes of death among young American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). From 1979 through 1992, suicide rates for AI/ANs in all age groups were approximately 1.5 times the rates for the overall U.S. population. During 1991-1993, suicide rates for AI/ANs aged 15-24 and 25-34 years were 31.7 and 26.6 per 100,000 population, respectively; males aged 15-34 years accounted for 64% of all AI/AN suicides. In the overall U.S. population during 1991-1993, the rates for persons in these same age groups were 13.0 and 14.5, respectively. Since 1980, suicide has been either the second or third leading cause of death for persons aged 15-24 years in the overall U.S. population. Although knowledge about suicide among AI/ANs has increased, information about the efficacy of suicide prevention and intervention programs in general, and specifically in AI/AN communities, is scarce. In January 1990, following concern raised by tribal officials in 1988 about suicide among youth, a Western Athabaskan tribe in rural New Mexico implemented a suicide prevention and intervention program that targeted tribal members aged 15-19 years. This report summarizes the results of the program through 1997 and indicates that rates of suicide and attempted suicide among this target population decreased substantially after the program was implemented.

Adolescent↗