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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Changes in Staphylococcus aureus susceptibility to bactericidal action of teicoplanin in the presence of different prophages in the bacterial genome].

The influence exerting by lysogeny state on the susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to bactericidal action of teicoplanin was studied. In this aim the standard, non-lysogenic, bacteriophage-free S. aureus NCTC 8325-4 strain was lysogenized with 10 different, bacteriophages obtained in our laboratory. All bacteriophages were derived from multiresistant S. aureus strains and all were able to convert staphylokinase. For all derivatives MBCs and MICs of teicoplanin were determined. In the case of four strains the ratio MBC/MIC showed the presence of tolerance to teicoplanin (MBC/MIC > or = 32) and was significantly higher than in the case of the parent strain NCTC8325-4. In the case of two strains this ratio was smaller than for parent strain. Only small correlation with our previous results obtained for vancomycin was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Atopic dermatitis and Ritter's disease: differential diagnosis by means of total and specific serum IgE.

Atopic dermatitis and Ritter's disease in infants and children frequently present diagnostic as well as therapeutic problems. Both conditions are characterized by generalized exfoliative dermatitis, and are prone to recurrent infections with Staphylococcus. However, in Ritter's disease, it has been shown that these are specifically coagulase-positive Staphylococcus phage Group 2 organisms. This combination of exfoliative dermatitis, with lysis and separation of the skin, associated with infection has been aptly named the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. An unusual case is reported herein of a nine year old boy who had a condition clinically resembling Ritter's disease since birth, but with enormously elevated total and specific serum IgE levels characteristic of atopic dermatitis and not seen in Ritter's disease.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1990

[Cloning of alpha-hemolysin gene from Staphylococcus aureus strain 015].

The genomic library of Staphylococcus aureus O15 has been constructed on the EMBL-3 vector. The synthetic oligonucleotide probes to N- and C-end regions of alpha-hemolysin permitted identification of the recombinant bacteriophage clone RS-1 containing a gene for this protein. The restriction map of the cloned fragment has been constructed for restriction endonucleases SalGI, EcoRV, PstI, PvuII. Expression of the alpha-hemolysin gene in phagolysate of the recombinant clone RS-1 (1000 units per ml) has been demonstrated.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an increasing threat in New Zealand hospitals.

During the three years 1985 to 1987 an increasing number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were identified in New Zealand each year. A total of 66 strains of MRSA were identified among isolates received from 418 patients and health personnel. The majority (337/418, 80.6%) of the isolates were from two independent large outbreaks of MRSA. All strains of MRSA were sensitive to vancomycin, rifampicin and fusidic acid. An overseas origin, usually Australia, was identified for 48.4% of strains. The majority of isolates were from patients whose host defences had been breached. Postoperative and cutaneous wounds were the commonest sites of acquisition.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Delayed hypersensitivity and nonspecific cellular immunity. The conditions determining the maximally expressed immunity activity].

In vivo experiments on the infection of mice with influenza A virus and Francisella tularensis and in vitro experiments on the bactericidal activity of macrophages have demonstrated the conditions leading to the maximally pronounced activation of immunity by means of preparations inducing delayed hypersensitivity (DH). The following conditions have been determined: the presence of pronounced DH previously to the injection of old tuberculin (OT) and staphylococcal phagolysate (SP) used as challenge antigens, the specificity and peculiar features of the antigenic structure of the challenge agent, the time of its administration after the course of multiple sensitizing injections of BCG and staphylococci, the dosage of OT and SP and the scheme of their administration, the desirability of their local use. The time of the maximum activation of cell-mediated immunity after the injection of OT and SP to sensitized animals with a high level of DH and the duration of such activation have been established.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[DNA structure in the particles of 5 bacteriophages from the data of circular dichroism].

DNA optical activities in situ were studied in the particles of five medium sized bacteriophages (SB1, F15; IRA, SD and T7). Delta epsilon in the CD spectrum of intraphage DNA is not shown to correlate with the sizes of phage heads or with the light scattering characteristics of phage suspension. Bacteriophage SB1, studied for the first time, has the amplitude of CD spectrum in the 260-300 nm region higher, than the CD spectrum of its free phage DNA. CD magnitude in the 260-300 nm region is different for varying phages while the red shift of the positive band in the CD spectrum takes place for all phages studied. The dense packing of DNA is suggested to be a common factor for the red shift being observed for all phages. The different delta epsilon in the 260-300 nm region might reflect the different nature in changes of helical DNA geometry inside phage particles as compared with the changes in solutions. The increase in melting temperatures for intraphage DNA as compared with the temperature for free DNA was not shown to correlate with the CD spectrum difference of intraphage DNAs. This property of intraphage DNAs is supposed to be connected with the dense packing of DNA in bacteriophage deoxyribonucleoprotein.

Circular Dichroism↗
PubMed1986

Prophage type of recombinants produced by cell fusion between various combinations of lysogenic or non-lysogenic substrains from two Staphylococcus aureus L-forms.

Streptomycin (SM)- or erythromycin (EM)-resistant lysogenic and non-lysogenic substrains were produced from two Staphylococcus aureus L-form strains lysogenic for different prophages, namely, EMT-L (prophage alpha) and 209P (prophage beta). Cells of these L-form substrains were fused in various combinations using polyethylene glycol (PEG), and the frequency of recombinants selected as double resistance to both SM and EM and the prophage types of these recombinants were examined. In all the combinations, the frequency of recombinants was greater when the cells were treated with PEG than when they were not, and the difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01) in 13 combinations. Combination between the lysogenic SM-resistant EMT-L substrain [EMT(Smr-alpha)] and lysogenic EM-resistant 209P-L substrain [209P(Emr-beta)] and the reverse combination, between 209P(Smr-beta) and EMT(Emr-alpha), resulted in a majority of recombinants harboring prophage beta. The former combination yielded recombinants that all held both prophage alpha and beta.

Bacteriolysis↗
PubMed1987

Nosocomial clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Elucidation by plasmid analysis.

An outbreak of methicillin sodium-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and colonization, mainly centered in the vascular surgery service, occurred in a 1000-bed tertiary care center between December 1983 and December 1984. Methicillin-resistant S aureus isolated before and during the outbreak was studied by both bacteriophage typing and by restriction endonuclease digestion of bacterial plasmid DNA. Bacteriophage typing was discrepant in nine (56%) of the 17 repeated analyses compared with one (3.4%) of the 29 for plasmid profiling. These typing methods revealed that the epidemic strain was introduced to the hospital from the community 15 months before the outbreak. The outbreak was caused by cross-transmission of the epidemic strain by health care personnel and was controlled by treatment of colonized personnel, education of personnel, and institution of barrier precautions for colonized or infected patients. Plasmid profiling with restriction endonuclease digestion was easier, more rapid, and more specific than bacteriophage typing in the evaluation of this outbreak.

Cross Infection↗