Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SPECIMEN HANDLING”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Determination of manganese in biological materials by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry: a review.

The great diversity of methods for measuring manganese in biological materials (serum, plasma, whole blood, urine, spinal fluid, and hair) reflects the difficulty in measuring extremely small quantities of this element. Detailed examination of these methods demonstrates that the one most used is flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. In this review we report the different instrument settings for wavelength, slit width, protection gases, graphite furnaces, type of background correction, amounts measured, and thermal programs. We give detailed recommendations by various authors for collecting samples. A thorough description of the preliminary steps and the handling of the specimen samples is also included: direct determination with or without dilution, addition of a matrix modifier or determination after ashing, with or without chelation-extraction steps. The preparation of the standards, procedures used, analytical criteria (accuracy, precision, specificity, detection limit, linearity), problems (interferences, matrix effects), and reference values and their physiological variations are also described. We give a consensus of recommendations concerning the choice of a method.

Female↗
PubMed1983

The diagnosis of meningococcal disease by culture. Some points of practical importance.

Meningococcal disease has been a serious problem in Norway for nearly a decade. A nation-wide study of this disease revealed that almost 40% of all cases in clinical practice remained without a microbiological diagnosis. In the hope that this situation can be improved, a brief review is given of information available in the literature concerning collection and handling of microbiological specimens from patients with possible systemic meningococcal disease.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative analysis of postmortem changes in myocardial norepinephrine using HPLC with electrochemical detection.

Myocardial adrenergic function may be important in the pathophysiology of many cardiac abnormalities, and quantitative analysis of catecholamines in cardiac tissue can provide insight in the role of adrenergic neurons in specific disorders. Our purpose was to determine the stability of myocardial catecholamines postmortem to assess the validity of using postmortem samples to represent premorbid conditions and to provide information applicable to proper handling of biopsy specimens. Serial myocardial samples were obtained postmortem in rats and dogs for which norepinephrine and dopamine levels were analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. No significant differences in catecholamine content were found between samples taken immediately after death and those taken 15 minutes later. Thereafter, a progressive decline in catecholamines was observed. We conclude that biopsy or postmortem samples frozen within 15 minutes of death will accurately reflect premortem catecholamine values.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic accuracy of biopsy and endoscopic cytology in cancer of the esophagus and stomach. Experience and analysis of error factors].

The definitive diagnosis of esophageal and gastric carcinoma rests upon histological confirmation of the lesion and it is one of the basis for planning the proper treatment. With the advent of exfoliative citology in 1947 the possibility of studying isolated cells detached from the esophagogastric mucosa became a reality. Later on, the development of the fiberoptic endoscopy permitted the direct observation of the lesion, and histological and citological diagnosis. In this report we publish the results obtained in 270 consecutive cases of esophageal and gastric carcinoma. The biopsies were positive in 86.2% of the cases and the citology was positive in 61.8% of the cases. Both procedures combined yielded 90.3% of positive results. Most false negative studies were related to lesions located in the cervical esophagus, and in the esophago-gastric junction, It is suggested that retrograde esophagoscopy through a gastrostomy could improve the results. The false negative cases of gastric carcinoma are related to inadequate gastric evacuation or to submucosal extension of the tumor. The adequate handling of the specimens is vital if good standards are to be kept.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2006

Key issues in handling and reporting radical prostatectomy specimens.

CONTEXT: Patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma commonly undergo radical prostatectomy, and it is often difficult and time consuming to handle the resulting specimens and to report the findings. Pathologic information derived from the radical prostatectomy specimen is used for selecting adjuvant therapy, such as radiotherapy and hormone therapy, and for determining a patient's prognosis. The prostate specimen must be handled in a systematic fashion to derive the appropriate prognostic parameters. OBJECTIVE: To review the prognostic factors of relevance in classifying radical prostatectomy specimens, using the College of American Pathologists categorization system, including a detailed survey of the morphologic-based factors but excluding other factors such as DNA ploidy and novel phenotypic and genotypic markers. CONCLUSIONS: Gleason score, pathologic stage, and margin status are considered category 1 prognostic factors, which are of proven prognostic significance and are useful in patient management. Factors such as tumor volume (intraglandular extent) and tumor subtype are considered category 2 prognostic factors, which show significant promise but require validation in multivariate analysis. Lymphovascular space invasion is a promising category 3 prognostic factor that needs additional study. Perineural invasion is an almost ubiquitous finding in radical prostatectomy specimens and is considered a category 3 prognostic factor. After prognostic factors have been analyzed at the histologic level, it is critical to report the findings in a clear and unambiguous fashion. The synoptic style of reporting is ideal for describing complex cancer resection specimens. A synoptic report based on an evidence-based checklist, such as the one developed by the College of American Pathologists, effectively communicates complex cancer-related data, such as radical prostatectomy specimen findings. This information is used not only for individual case management with respect to treatment and prognostication but also for purposes such as education, research, quality monitoring, and system planning.

Adenocarcinoma↗