Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SHEEP DISEASES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

The high genetic variation of viruses of the genus Nairovirus reflects the diversity of their predominant tick hosts.

The genus Nairovirus (family Bunyaviridae) contains seven serogroups consisting of 34 predominantly tick-borne viruses, including several associated with severe human and livestock diseases [e.g., Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Nairobi sheep disease (NSD), respectively]. Before this report, no comparative genetic studies or molecular detection assays had been developed for this virus genus. To characterize at least one representative from each of the seven serogroups, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) primers targeting the L polymerase-encoding region of the RNA genome of these viruses were successfully designed based on conserved amino acid motifs present in the predicted catalytic core region. Sequence analysis showed the nairoviruses to be a highly diverse group, exhibiting up to 39.4% and 46.0% nucleotide and amino acid identity differences, respectively. Virus genetic relationships correlated well with serologic groupings and with tick host associations. Hosts of these viruses include both the hard (family Ixodidae) and soft (family Argasidae) ticks. Virus phylogenetic analysis reveals two major monophyletic groups: hard tick and soft tick-vectored viruses. In addition, viruses vectored by Ornithodoros, Carios, and Argas genera ticks also form three separate monophyletic lineages. The striking similarities between tick and nairovirus phylogenies are consistent with possible coevolution of the viruses and their tick hosts. Fossil and phylogenetic data placing the hard tick-soft tick divergence between 120 and 92 million years ago suggest an ancient origin for viruses of the genus Nairovirus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

[Incidence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in sheep].

Out a total number of 19 mycoplasma strain from diseased sheeps, 5 strains were used for further investigations. The 5 strains were differentiated as Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. The relation between mycoplasma findings and the disease is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A new bluetongue virus serotype isolated in Kenya.

An apparently new strain of bluetongue virus was first isolated in Kenya in 1965 and since, has been obtained on 7 further occasions from diseased sheep during clinical outbreaks of disease. It proved to be serologically different from the 16 bluetongue virus strains then held at this laboratory. The virus was modified by passage in embryonated hens eggs to produce a live virus strain suitable for inclusion in a polyvalent vaccine. Recent neutralisation tests, carried out with 24 guinea pig immune sera prepared at Pirbright against the currently known World serotypes, have confirmed the earlier results and show that it is different from any of the existing serotypes.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Blood gas values in healthy sheep and in sheep with lung diseases] .

In 24 healthy and 101 sheep with different lung diseases like catarrhalic pneumonic bronchopneumonia, lung abscesses, lung worm infections, Maedi and Sheep Pulmonary Adenomatosis (SPA) in arterial and venous samples blood gas analysis was performed. The alveolo-arterial-oxygen-difference was the most sensitive parameter to detect impaired ventilation, it was 11.40 +/- 6.39 mm Hg in healthy sheep. Global insufficiency occurred mainly in sheep with SPA and in mixed infections of SPA with Maedi.

Abscess↗
PubMed1996

Increased intestinal TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 expression in ovine paratuberculosis.

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is an intracellular parasite of intestinal macrophages and causes a chronic granulomatous enteritis in sheep and other ruminants (paratuberculosis or Johne's disease). Macrophages can be produced a variety of immunoregulatory cytokines that may influence mycobacterial killing and produce disordered inflammation within the gut. In this study, messenger RNA (mRNA) was extracted from intestinal tissue from control and multibacillary diseased sheep and profiles for the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were semi-quantified using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Infected intestinal tissues had significantly increased mRNA for TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 but TGF-beta1 and GM-CSF mRNA levels were significantly different from controls. Supernatants from in vitro intestinal cultures were assayed for TNF-alpha activity using the PK(15)-1512 cytotoxicity bioassay and levels were significantly raised in diseased samples. TNF-alpha was not detected in any serum samples. Further analysis on intestinal tissues from sheep with the different, paucibacillary, form of the disease showed significant elevation of TNF-alpha mRNA but not other cytokines tested. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the intestine coincident with a failed or misdirected immune response may contribute to the pathogenesis of paratuberculosis and the persistence of a chronic inflammatory state.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Dermatophilus congolensis infection in Brandenburg].

At first time Dermatophilus (D.) congolensis-infection was diagnosed in Brandenburg in 3 sheep herds and in one horse, which had contact to diseased sheep. The causative agent was introduced from West-Germany probably. Cause of the disease was influenced by a longer rain period and by secondary infections through Staph. aureus var. ovis. The morbidity came up to 90%, the mortality of lambs was 10%. Clinical picture, diagnostic and control of the disease are described. Economical losses are caused by disturbances of the development and deaths of animals mainly. Treatment of sheep was successful with Terramycin LA or 200 mg Oxytetracycline by i.m. injection of 1 ml within 7 days. All isolated strains of D. congolensis caused beta-hemolysis and liquidation of Löffler-Medium (heated denatured serum of cattle), and gelatin and fermented glucose and fructose to acid.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed2004

The humoral and cellular immune response of sheep against Borna disease virus in endemic and non-endemic areas.

Borna Disease (BD) is a mostly fatal disease of horses and sheep endemic in central Europe. Antibodies to Borna disease virus (BDV) have been described in sheep and other species living in BD non-endemic areas. Meaningful clinical BDV serology is hampered by difficulties in defining serological cut-offs, which require the investigation of populations from endemic areas. Here we studied BD serology in sheep from endemic and non-endemic areas of similar geography in Switzerland. Antibodies to BDV antigens were detected by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence analysis (IFA) only in sera from 3 of 6 sheep with autopsy confirmed BD. One serum was positive by IFA but not by ELISA, while 2 sera were negative in both assays, indicating that not all diseased animals develop BDV specific antibodies. Six % of clinically healthy animals (6/106) from an endemic area and 2% from a non-endemic area (4/192) had serum antibody to either BDV p40 or p24 as detected by ELISA. None of the animals showed a cellular immune response to BDV p40. In some healthy sheep from the endemic area, serum antibody titers to BDV p24 antigen remained elevated over several months without onset of disease symptoms. Infections with either BDV or related viruses may thus occur at low frequency in sheep from non-endemic areas leading to the production of antibodies to BDV antigens. We further propose viral strain differences or environmental factor(s) may determine the clinical outcome.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Japanese scrapie cases.

Worldwide attention has been given to scrapie, because bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) could be experimentally transmitted to sheep. This ovine form of BSE was clinically identical to scrapie. In Japanese scrapie cases, a majority of the diseased sheep were from Suffolk, while 8 cases were from Corriedale. It is very likely that sheep-to-sheep transmission of scrapie has taken place in Obihiro, Hokkaido. Normal prion protein may play a role in the morphoregulatory signaling pathway, which orchestrates the specificity of a particular cellular response. Over-expression of normal prion protein in mice cause neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, Prnd was identified downstream of the mouse prion protein gene (Prnp), and encodes 179 amino acids and a prion protein (PrP)-like protein designated doppel (Dpl). Dpl was upregulated in the central nervous system of two PrP-deficient lines of mice, as well as in prionless cell lines. Dpl caused neurodegeneration similar to that caused by PrP. Linked expression of Prnp and Prnd may cause several neurodegenerative disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effects of congenital infection of sheep with border disease virus on myelin proteins.

Border disease (BD) of sheep is caused by a virus in the genus Pestivirus that results in decreased myelination throughout the CNS when acquired congenitally. Pregnant ewes were inoculated with BD virus at 50 days of gestation, and myelin proteins were quantified in several regions of the CNS during prenatal and postnatal development of infected lambs for comparison with age-matched controls. Newborn field-infected lambs were also examined. Myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) were measured by densitometric scanning of western blots. Deficiencies in the myelin proteins were detected as early as 116 days of gestation, and the deficiencies of myelin proteins were most pronounced in the cerebellum at all ages examined. PLP and MBP increased from 10-30% of normal in cerebellar white matter at birth to 40-60% of normal at 6 months, suggesting some catch-up in the amount of compact myelin with development. MAG and CNP were between 70 and 80% of control levels in the cerebellum at birth and at 6 months. Similar results were obtained for the corpus callosum and spinal cord of infected lambs, but the deficiencies of myelin proteins were not as great. A common finding in all regions examined was that MBP and PLP were reduced more than MAG and CNP. This is probably explained by a greater deficit of compact myelin, in which MBP and PLP are localized, than of associated oligodendroglial membranes, in which MAG and CNP are concentrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1981

A mycobacteriosis in a sheep resembling paratuberculosis (Johne's disease).

In a sheep which was euthanased because of severe emaciation and weakness, slight thickening of the ileum was seen grossly. Microscopically there was a granulomatous ileitis with obliterative lymphangitis and lymphangiectasis. Granulomatous lesions were also present in the liver and some mesenteric lymph nodes. Large numbers of acid-fast bacilli were present within epithelioid macrophages in the lamina propria of the ileum. Although the identity of the Mycobacterium spp. involved was not established, the possibility of paratuberculosis is discussed. The apparent rarity of this disease in sheep in South Africa is considered. Particular attention is drawn to the absence of diarrhoea in this case, to the slightness of the gross changes and to the importance of submitting material for mycobacterial culture.

Animals↗