Inhibition of Tamoxifen of the stimulatory action of FSH on oestradiol-17beta synthesis by rat ovaries in vitro.
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Psychomotor reminiscence was measured in contraceptively medicated and non-medicated subjects on Days 2, 8, and 14 of their menstrual cycles. As previously reported, mean reminiscence in non-medicated subjects was relatively low on Days 2 and 8, but significantly higher on Day 14. By contrast, reminiscence means in medicated subjects were relatively low and essentially alike across all testing days. These results are discussed within the context of reactive inhibition theory, wherein the adrenergic properties of mid-cycle concentrations of estrogenic hormones are thought responsible for more vigorous responding, hence more reactive inhibition and higher reminiscence. Such concentrations were, of course, precluded by contraceptive medication.
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Injectable progestogen, norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN, 200 mg/ml) was administered to 122 women at 2 month intervals for more than 1 year. Only a minority of women had consistently normal cycles. Most women experienced some menstrual irregularities: 57% of users experienced irregular bleeding, 32% developed amenorrhea, while only 11% showed regular cyclic bleeding. Important nonmenstrual side effects were weakness and abdominal pain. No appreciable changes in body weight and blood pressure were recorded.
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The efficacy and tolerance of RU 486 prescribed as a late luteal contragestive agent have been evaluated in 139 women at risk of pregnancy. They were given 400 or 600 mg of RU 486 once on the day before the expected menses. Among these women, 48 (34.5%) were pregnant (positive plasma beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, [beta-hCG]) at the time of RU 486 intake. Bleeding occurred in all but six women. An ongoing pregnancy after treatment was found in nine cases (failure rate, 9/48, 18.8%), which was subsequently terminated by surgical procedure in all cases. There was no disturbance in the menstrual cycle, and the tolerance was very satisfactory. In conclusion, this method is acceptable for women at risk of pregnancy in whom other usual postcoital contraceptive methods cannot be prescribed.
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The relationship between use of oral contraceptives and fibrocystic breast disease was examined in a hospital-based case-control study undertaken in New Haven, Connecticut, from 1977 to 1979. Particular emphasis was placed on the extent of epithelial atypia and other histopathologic characteristics found in the biopsy specimens from the cases. Women who had ever used oral contraceptives were at a somewhat decreased risk for fibrocystic disease as a whole. Cases with high atypia and controls had similar patterns of oral contraceptive use, whereas cases with low and intermediate atypia had less oral contraceptive use than controls. Cases with intermediate atypia reported the lowest oral contraceptive use. Subjects with biopsy specimens exhibiting gross cysts, microscopic cysts, or papillomatosis were about 50% less likely to have used oral contraceptives than controls.
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Report about 19 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver observed from 1971 to June 1981. The autopsy cases are 7 women between 19 and 62 years of age. The intake of oral contraceptives over a long time period was known in 4 cases; once a node was detected in a 19-year-old woman after a normal pregnancy (death from amniotic fluid embolism), once in a 62-year-old woman who had a longterm diabetes, and once in a 47-year-old woman who died from acute alcoholic intoxication; probably contraceptives had not been taken. The biopsy cases are 11 women between 27 and 50 years of age and a man 25 years of age. Ten times the nodes were found on occasion of cholecystectomy, once during gastric resection, and once during vagotomy. 4 women took oral contraceptives for 5 to 101/2, 2 others for about 2 years. A 34-year-old woman had 7 pregnancies one shortly after the other. 4 women did not use oral contraceptives. In 12 of 18 women a hormonal induction seems possible, in 10 cases by oral contraceptives and in 2 cases by pregnancies. Complications such as bleedings we did not find.
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