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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Diabetes information systems: a rapidly emerging support for diabetes surveillance and care.

BACKGROUND: With the rapid advances in information technology in the last decade, various diabetes information systems have evolved in different parts of the world. Availability of new technologies and information systems for monitoring and treating diabetes is critical to achieving recommended metabolic control, including glycosylated hemoglobin levels. The first step is to develop a registry, including a patient identifier that can link multiple data sources, which can then serve as a springboard to electronic mechanisms for practitioners to gain information on performance and results. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to review the provisions for diabetes surveillance in different parts of the world. This is a systematic review of national and regional information systems for diabetes surveillance. LITERATURE REVIEW: A comprehensive review was undertaken using Medline literature review, internet search using the Google search engine, and e-mail consultation with opinion leaders. TOPICS REVIEW: National/regional-level diabetes surveillance systems in Europe, the United States, Australia/New Zealand, and Asia have been reviewed. State-of-the-art diabetes information systems linking multiple data sources, with extensive audit and feedback capabilities, have also been looked at. RESULTS: National/regional-level audit databases have been tabulated. Diabetes information systems linking multiple data sources have been described. Most of the developed countries have now implemented systems such as diabetes registers and audits for diabetes surveillance in at least some regions, if not nationally. Developing nations are beginning to recognize the need for chronic disease management. CONCLUSIONS: With the advancements in information technology, the diabetes registers have the potential to rise beyond their traditional functions with dynamic data integration, decision support, and data access, as demonstrated by some diabetes information systems. With the rapid pace of development in electronic health records and health information systems, countries that are beginning to build their health information technology infrastructure could benefit from planning and funding along these lines.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1980

Health care planning: acts, agencies, and activities of the federal government.

Healthh care planning and provision are societal responsibilities supported by the federal government since 1798. To maximize benefits of money spent on health care during the past two decades, the federal government created in succession Regional Medical Programs, Medicare and Medicaid, area-wide Comprehensive Health Planning Agencies, and Professional Standards Review Organizations, and enacted the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974. Health care planning consists of three phases: assessment, planning, and implementation. Intrinsic to these activities are decisions concerning the extent to which society is willing to devote its resources, the types of health care to be given, and to whom services will be rendered.

Financing, Government↗
PubMed2004

Allocation of cadaver donor kidneys in Australia.

The national allocation of kidneys in Australia is based on a combination of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching and equity factors designed to make transplantation accessible to as many patients as possible. A points system has been designed that deducts points for HLA mismatches but adds points for factors such as levels of HLA sensitization, waiting time on dialysis, and a loading for pediatric patients. Kidneys that do not reach the level of matching required for national allocation are transplanted in the donor state using both matching and waiting time criteria, which caters to minority groups with rare HLA types.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1998

Regionalization of health services in Canada: a critical perspective.

Since the introduction of universal health insurance in Canada in the late 1960s, the federal and provincial governments have been concerned with cost savings, efficiency of service delivery, equity in service provision, enhanced citizen participation, and increased accountability of decision-makers. A plethora of government royal commissions and task forces have recommended a similar range of options for addressing these concerns. Central to the reforms has been a proposed regionalized health system with an intermediary body responsible for functions previously assigned to local or central structures. For its supporters, regionalization offers a means of better coordinating and integrating health care delivery and controlling expenditures, and promises a more effective provision of services and an avenue for citizen participation in health care decision-making. All provincial governments except Ontario have introduced regional structures for health care, with the hope that these changes will increase efficiency, equity, and responsiveness. However, despite the alleged benefits, regionalization presents significant challenges. It faces obstacles to integrating and coordinating services in a manner that produces economies of scale; it requires an enhanced level of information that may be difficult to achieve; it is unlikely to involve citizens in health care decision-making; and it may actually lead to increased costs.

Budgets↗
PubMed1975

Study of the Information Dissemination Service--Health Sciences Library, State University of New York at Buffalo.

The Information Dissemination Service at the Health Sciences Library, State University of New York at Buffalo, was established June 1970 through a three-year grant from the Lakes Area Regional Medical Program, Inc. Analysis of two samples of user request forms yielded results which significantly substantiate findings in prior biomedical literature utilization studies. The findings demonstrate comparable utilization patterns by user group, age of material, journal titles, language, time to process request, source of reference, and size of institution.

Books↗
PubMed2001

Installation and experience of an automatic scheduling system for multiple diagnostic examinations: in search of maximum utilization of regional health care resources.

We installed a scheduling system that optimally schedules multiple appointments for various diagnostic examinations for a patient based on patient characteristics, disease characteristics and conditions, characteristics of diagnostic examinations, possible interactions between two successive examinations, and features and availability of diagnostic equipment. The system consists of four client terminals, 12 laboratory terminals, and one server. After the run-in period, the system started operation in July 2000. A total of 14353 examinations involving 11447 patients were managed over 7 months. On average, approximately 82 patients per day underwent approximately 103 examinations. On average, 16.1 patients a day requested 2 or more examinations in a scheduling session (approx. 2.3 examinations/patient; maximum 5 examinations for a single patient). After reading the request sheet(s) (OCR sheet(s)), suggested time/date slots of examination(s) were displayed on the client terminal within 10 seconds. The average time required for a patient to establish his or her schedule was approximately 2 minutes. Thus, the system greatly mitigated the load on health care professionals in scheduling appointments for examinations. In general, patients had a positive impression of the system. Furthermore, networking through these health care facilities and implementing this automatic scheduling system as a centralized appointment system can easily establish a "virtual diagnostic examination center" that fully utilizes the diagnostic equipment and staff available at community health care facilities. We estimate that approximately 30% of the diagnostic examinations in a health care facility can be referred to another facility in this cooperative system.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

Special delivery: when the pills "absolutely, positively" can't be delivered at home.

The practice of storing and dispensing medications by providers at an inner city neighborhood health center that serves predominantly ethnic minority clients was terminated due to accreditation regulations. This practice promoted adherence since many clients did not want to receive medications by mail at home due to confidentiality concerns or were unwilling to present to their local pharmacy due to fear of discrimination related to HIV status. The purpose of this paper is to describe an alternative means to access HIV medications in a safe and supportive environment for clients confronted with cultural and social barriers through a unique collaboration between an HIV specialty care program and HIV specialty pharmacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Worldwide experience in newborn screening for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

The need for a reliable screening test for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia prompted development of newborn screening programs. Worldwide incidence of classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia in this report was taken from newborn screening programs in France, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Scotland, and the United States. Two populations in which the occurrence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia among live births has been reported with greater than usual frequency are the Yupik Eskimos of southwestern Alaska (1:282) and the people of La Reunion, France (1:2,141). Aside from these populations, 1,093,310 newborns were screened between 1980 and 1988, of whom 77 had congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Thus, worldwide incidence of this disorder was estimated at 1:14,199 live births for homozygous patients, 1:60 for heterozygous subjects, with a gene frequency of 0.0083. Incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia among whites was estimated to be 1:11,909 (41:488,279) for homozygous patients, 1:55 for heterozygous subjects with a gene frequency of 0.0091. Incidence for the salt-wasting form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia was 1:18,850 (58:1,093,310) compared with 1:57,543 (19:1,093,310) for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the simple virilizing form. Thus, salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia was three times more common than simple virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Estimated incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in white populations in Italy and France (1:10,866) was higher than in Scotland (1:17,098), New Zealand (1:14,500). The incidence in an Asian population (Japan) (1:15,800) did not differ significantly from that of the white population. In four of five populations, overall incidence was higher than previously reported, as was the frequency of the salt-wasting form (75% v 50% to 66%), suggesting improved case detection by newborn screening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1971

Planning the new medical school library in relation to local and regional information resources.

The first relationship of a new medical school library with local and regional medical libraries is one of dependence. This must change, as the new library grows, to a continuing state of interdependence. To accomplish this, the new library must thoughtfully design its collections and services, and must prepare for an extramural as well as an intramural clientele. Relationships with Regional Medical Library services and with Regional Medical Programs must be carefully planned. So too must be the adoption of EDP and related procedures where future compatability is important. Any new medical school library must have strength, but must never forget the need for true cooperation to give it viability.

Health Facility Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An infrastructure for Integrated Electronic Health Record services: the role of XML (Extensible Markup Language).

BACKGROUND: The sharing of information resources is generally accepted as the key to substantial improvements in productivity and better quality of care. In addition, due to the greater mobility of the population, national and international healthcare networks are increasingly used to facilitate the sharing of healthcare-related information among the various actors of the field. In the context of HYGEIAnet, the regional health telematics network of Crete, an Integrated Electronic Health Record environment has been developed to provide integrated access to online clinical information, accessible throughout the island. OBJECTIVES: To make available comprehensive medical information about a patient by means of incorporating all the distributed and heterogeneous health record segments into an Integrated Electronic Health Record that can be viewed on-line through a unified user interface and visualization environment. METHODS: The technological approach for implementing this Integrated Electronic Health Record environment is based on the HYGEIAnet Reference Architecture, which provides the necessary framework for the reuse of services, components, and interfaces. Seamless presentation of information is achieved by means of the Extensible Markup Language (XML), while its underlying capabilities allow for dynamic navigation according to personalized end-user preferences and authorities. RESULTS: The Integrated Electronic Health Record environment developed in HYGEIAnet provides the basis for consistent and authenticated access to primary information over the Internet in order to support decision-making. Primary information is always kept at the place where it has been produced, and is maintained by the most appropriate clinical information system, contrasting traditional store and forward techniques, or centralized clinical data repositories. CONCLUSIONS: Since documents are much more easily accessible rather than data inside a database, Extensible Markup Language has the potential of becoming a very cheap technology provided, of course, that the underlying Healthcare Information Infrastructure exists. XML can be introduced incrementally and its implementation is completely transparent to the end user.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Medicare program; durable medical equipment regional carrier service areas and related matters. Final rule.

This final rule provides a mechanism for us to expeditiously make changes to the durable medical equipment regional carrier (DMERC) service area boundaries without notice and comment rulemaking. Through this mechanism, we can change the geographical boundaries served by the regional contractors that process durable medical equipment claims through issuance of a Federal Register notice and make other minor changes in the contract administration of the DMERCs. The mechanism provides a method for increasing or decreasing the number of DMERCs, changing the boundaries of DMERCs based on criteria other than the boundaries of the Common Working File sectors, and awarding new contractors to perform statistical analysis or maintain the national supplier clearinghouse. We will publish these changes and their justifications in a Federal Register notice, rather than through notice and comment rulemaking. Although we may change the number and configuration of regional carriers, we are not altering the criteria and factors that we use in awarding contracts. Through this final rule, we are improving the contracting process so that we can swiftly meet the challenges of the changing healthcare industry and address the changing needs of beneficiaries, suppliers, and the Medicare program.

Catchment Area, Health↗