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Circular on planned parenthood, 1987.

In 1987 fourteen units of the Government of Henan issued a Circular stating that: "Planned parenthood must be publicized deep into the grass roots and among the people, and importance must be attached to results." The Circular stresses: "In the propaganda drive, it is necessary to successfully grasp three key links: 1. It is necessary to disseminate intensively the important directive on population problems that is contained in the report of the 13th CPC National Congress and the seriousness of the population situation of our country and province so that the cadres and the masses can understand the relationship between population control and the achievement of the strategic target of the three big steps, understand the reason for carrying out planned parenthood, understand that the one-child policy is still advocated, and conscientiously carry out planned parenthood. 2. It is essential to succeed in propagating knowledge of contraception, sterilization, childbirth, and child care and in conducting ideological education for those who undergo operations and for their family members. 3. It is imperative to visit those who have undergone operations and to help them solve practically their difficulties in making a living." The Circular concludes by demanding that under the unified leadership of party committees and governments at all levels, the propaganda drive be carried out by relying on the efforts of all of society. In conjunction with their own work, departments, including the propaganda, education, public health, and cultural departments, must carry out propaganda and education for planned parenthood.

Asia↗

Default patterns of patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases.

The influence of gender, propaganda, and treatment methods was studied in relation to default behaviour of patients with sexually transmitted diseases. The overall default rate of men and women was similar, but a larger proportion of men defaulted after the initial visit, while the biggest fall-out in women was after the second attendance at the clinic. The institution of a propaganda campaign was followed by a reduction in defaulting. The statistical significance of this is open to question, however: moreover the observed improvement in default rate was not maintained once the propaganda had been relaxed. Men treated for non-gonococcal urethritis by a regimen which included one injection a week for three weeks showed a highly significantly lower default rate compared with those who received tablets alone.

Counseling↗

[Thijsse, teacher of nature, teacher of malaria].

The start of organised malaria control in The Netherlands originated from an epidemic that became apparent in 1919. Shortly thereafter the Commission for Malaria Control realised the need for involvement of the population in the endemic area of North-Holland province. Education and propaganda would make them alert to reduce the risk of infection and aware of the need for medical diagnosis and treatment. The commission called upon Dr. Jac. P. Thijsse, a professional educator who had just received an honorary doctor's degree at the University of Amsterdam for his excellent work on bringing nature and field biology to the attention of the general public. He had founded the Society for Nature Conservation. Thijsse was invited to write a book on malaria, for use at primary school level. The booklet was called 'About mosquitoes and malaria' and it was widely used by teachers and pupils. Thijsse was also instrumental in the making of a propaganda film on malaria and its control. It was acclaimed by visiting malariologists from abroad for its quality, and it was watched with astonishment by the people in rural North-Holland. Thijsse was a member of the scientific Malaria Commission for five years. His profound knowledge about flora and fauna made him an expert in predicting the chances of mosquito breeding in polder canals with fresh or brackish water. After his resignation he was nominated president for a committee to organise a contest for a new propaganda poster. He passed away in 1945, just before a new epidemic would strike the war-exhausted population of the coastal provinces. It would have been a disappointment to him, because he had strongly believed that the scientific and organising power of the Malaria Commission would be successful in bringing the fever curse to a halt. This epidemic was the last one, and whatever the cause, malaria had disappeared from the Netherlands in 1960.

Animals↗

[Aspects of health education connected with the process of preparing for old age (author's transl)].

The essential principles and content of health education and health propaganda connected with preparing production workers for an active old age were sketched. Certain conclusions were drawn for integrating this complex into general health education and health propaganda, which, in the future, must embrace people of all ages in order to prepare them for old age. On the other hand it is important at this point to give priority to health education and health propaganda for factory workers doing relatively hard work or exposed to environments prejudicial to health. The special purpose of our contribution was to deal with some specific aspects the problems considered here.

Aged↗

AIDS--what've monkeys got to do with it?

I was appalled by Aminatta Forna's review on AIDS which appeared in the January issue. The Central African theory leaves a lot of questions unanswered, people in Central Africa have been living close to monkeys and other game since their existence. Why did the virus decide to jump across the Atlantic to attract the Americans and not the Zaireans? Or is the virus a racist? Kenyan scientists (some of whom are from the West), have shown that there is no connection between monkeys and AIDS transmission (Weekly Review: 13 September, 1985). The few cases reported have been found mainly among prostitutes in the cities who engage in sexual contact with Western tourists. Those who are closer to the monkeys in the rural areas have not suffered, nor have their ancestors. Most people, especially Africans will have realized that the Western media has engaged in a deliberate and calculated propaganda to lay this "white man's burden" on Africans as usual. What is most disturbing is to see an African falling prey to this propaganda.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

New studies disputing allegations of bacteriological warfare during the Korean War.

In the television series Korea the Unknown War produced jointly by Thames Television (London) and WGBH (Boston) in 1990, General Matthew Ridgway, Commander in Chief of United Nations forces during the Korean War, called the accusations that the United States waged bacteriological warfare "black propaganda." The charges discredited the United States and, despite denials and many international discussions, have not been completely refuted until new. Following studies in archives previously not available for research and after uncovering new sources, many specific examples of black propaganda were discovered that contained false information and lies discrediting the United States. The mechanism of lies, which convinced the Korean population that bacteriological warfare was going on and that the only way not to become victims of the United States' inhuman cruelty was to fight, are shown in this paper.

Biological Warfare↗