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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The "ligamental equivalents" of malleolar fractures caused by trauma from tibio-tarsal pronation].

The author, after analyzing a series of 7 cases of so-called "equivalents" of malleolar fractures, underlines the opportunity for correct evaluation of articular stability when observing an X-ray of a fracture due to rotation towards the exterior of the fibula. The test, under anesthesia, enables us to confirm the clinical suspicion of injury to the deltoid ligament and suggests surgical treatment for young patients and/or sportsmen.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intraepineurial constriction of nerve fascicles in pronator syndrome and anterior interosseous nerve syndrome.

In PS or AINS, if obvious epineurial compression deformity of the median nerve or the AIN is not found at known sites of compression, IeCNF should be considered. IeCNF may occur in one or more nerve fascicles of the median nerve at one of multiple levels in the distal upper arm and proximal forearm. Decompression of the nerve fascicles is achieved by epineurotomy, microsurgical interfascicular dissection, and removal of the constricting outer layer of the perineurium above and below the elbow. Resection of the constricted segments of the nerve fascicles is not necessary. Intraepineurial exploration of the nerve trunk also may be considered if, after surgical decompression of PS and AINS, expected recovery has not occurred and there is no evidence of axonal degeneration.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2002

Biometry of the radial head: biomechanical implications in pronation and supination.

The aim of this study was to perform biometry of the proximal extremity of the radius and to characterize the shape of the radial head. Knowledge of the size and shape of the radial head is necessary for the creation of a radial head prosthesis that is anatomically and biomechanically correct. Twenty-seven measurements, focused on the proximal extremity, were done on 96 radii. The shape of the radial head was determined by the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter. We considered the shape to be circular when the difference was less than 1 mm, and elliptical when the difference was greater than 1 mm. The shape of the radial head was compared with the neck/diaphysis angle. Fifty-seven percent of radial heads were elliptical and 43% were circular. When the head was elliptical the maximum diameter was 22 mm +/-2.9 and the minimum diameter was 20 mm +/-2.8 ( P<0.001). When the head was circular the maximum diameter was 21.2 mm +/-2.4 and the minimum diameter was 20.4 mm +/-2.4 ( P<0.14). The angle between the neck and the diaphysis varied with regard to the shape of the radial head. It was 166.75 degrees +/-3 for the circular heads and 168.62 degrees +/-3.2 for the elliptical heads ( P<0.01). The biomechanics of the circular shape and the elliptical shape are different, involving an adaptation of the angle between the neck and the radial diaphysis. This difference must be taken in consideration in the design of a radial head prosthesis.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1985

An experimental study of instability during supination and pronation of the fractured scaphoid.

Rotatory instability of scaphoid fractures was studied by a method not used previously. On two fresh specimens the scaphoid bone was fractured by osteotomy, and the fracture was fixed by a Hoffmann apparatus extending from the distal radius to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals. This permits free rotation in the forearm. The scaphoid fragments were marked by Kirschner wires. No movement occurred between the fragments when supination/pronation was kept within the normal range of movement.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1990

Use of pronator quadratus bone flap in bony reconstruction around the wrist.

A bone graft can be raised from the distal end of the radius with intact blood supply derived from a vascular pedicle, i.e., the anterior interosseous artery proximally or the communicating branch from the dorsal carpal plexus distally. This graft has been used to produce proximal radiocarpal fusion, carpal bone replacement, and distal ulnar replacement. This viable graft with excellent blood supply gives very satisfactory clinical results.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1986

Entrapment of the ulnar nerve by the deep flexor-pronator aponeurosis.

A study of eight patients and 20 cadaveric limbs identified the deep aponeurosis of the flexor carpi ulnaris as a potential site for constriction of the ulnar nerve. The ulnar nerve passes through this aponeurosis approximately 5 cm distal to the medial epicondyle and 2 to 3 cm distal to the cubital tunnel. In two cases of isolated compression at this level, local decompression was successful in relieving the symptoms of ulnar nerve compression. Submuscular transposition is also effective because it places the ulnar nerve deep to this aponeurosis throughout its entire course.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The square pronator: an "aspirin" strip in antalgic surgery for painful neuromas of the wrist].

From June 96 to January 2001, 25 patients have been operated on for painful neuromas localised at the wrist. They were between 10 and 52 years of age. These neuromas were located in at the median nerve 17 cases, at the ulnar nerve in seven cases and at the radial nerve in one case. In all cases the pain was not spontaneous but triggered off by external stimulus. All these neuromas were in continuity except 1 case at the median nerve where a total severing was present. After external neurolysis, the quadratus pronatus muscle is wrapped around the neuromas in 24 cases and around epineurial suture in one case. No internal neurolysis was done. This flap was vascularized by the anterior interosseous artery in 23 cases and by the posterior interosseous artery in two cases of distal ulnar nerve neuroma. All patients have been improved by using this method. In 21 cases (84%) (17 median, 4 ulnar nerves) the pain has completely disappeared and in four cases (3 ulnar, 1 radial), the pain has considerably decreased but without total disappearance. In the cases of median nerve neuromas the dysaesthesia has greatly decreased. No complications and no sequelae on the donor site are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Painful pronation--a diagnostic pitfall in septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the elbow in infancy].

Pulled elbow is a common injury in infancy and childhood. The history and clinical findings are usually classical, but one should never forget that the classical history can always be easily reconstructed by the examining physician. It can be estimated that in 93% of all cases a dramatic response to therapy can be observed. In the remaining 7% the most common cause for failure to treatment is an incomplete or recurrent subluxation of the radial head and distortions or fractures of the elbow. But in approx. 1% the examining physician must suspect a hidden osteomyelitis or osteoarthritis of the elbow. With adequate antibiotic therapy the prognosis is generally good. To avoid this diagnostic pitfall, it is essential to re-examine carefully all cases which do not respond to therapy in order to exclude an osteomyelitis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗