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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

["Inner perilymph fistula" of the anterior semicircular canal. A new disease picture with recurrent attacks of vertigo].

In 1998 Minor et al. described a new variant of perilymphatic fistula: the "superior canal dehiscence syndrome". This syndrome is clinically characterized by recurrent attacks of vertigo and oscillopsia induced by loud noises or stimuli that result in changes in intracranial or middle ear pressure. It is caused by a dehiscence of bone overlying the superior (anterior) semicircular canal. Due to this dehiscence, a third, mobile window (in addition to the round and oval windows) is formed, and changes in pressure are pathologically transduced to the anterior semicircular canal. Although the superior canal dehiscence syndrome is not a rare condition, no other cases have yet been reported. Therefore, we describe a typical patient who suffered for many years from recurrent attacks of vertigo and oscillopsia induced by coughing and Valsalva's maneuvers. High resolution temporal bone CT scan showed a defect in the bone overlying the left anterior semicircular canal. Three-dimensional eye movement recordings using the search coil technique and subsequent vector analysis demonstrated that the eye movements were induced by excitation of the left anterior semicircular canal. We conclude that superior canal dehiscence syndrome is an important differential diagnosis in patients suffering from symptoms of a perilymphatic fistula, especially since it can be successfully treated by "plugging" of the affected semicircular canal. Such patients are thus spared unnecessary surgery of the middle ear.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1980

Nonlinear aspects of infrasonic pressure transfer into the perilymph.

The perilymphatic pressure was studied in response to various low frequency pressure changes in the ear canal. The pressure transfer was analysed and found to be nonlinear in many aspects. The pressure response was found to contain two time constants representing the inner ear pressure regulating mechanisms. The time constants showed an asymmetry in response to positive and negative going inputs--the effects to some extent proportional to input levels. Further nonlinearities were found when infrasonic sine waves were applied to the ear. Harmonic distortion and modulation appeared. When short bursts of infrasound were introduced a clear d.c. shift was observed as a consequence of an asymmetry in the response to positive and negative going pressure inputs. A temporary change in mean perilymphatic pressure was thus achieved and continued throughout the duration of the signal. At very low frequencies a distinct phase shift was detected in the sine waves. This appeared as a phase lead, breaking the continuity of the output sine wave.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1988

Effect of elevated potassium concentration in the perilymph on the nonlinearity of cochlear microphonics in the guinea-pig cochlea.

Various characteristics of cochlear microphonic responses (CM) were measured in the guinea-pig after perfusing scala tympani with KCl solutions. In addition to a decrease of CM magnitude, the nonlinearity and the symmetry of waveform showed typical modifications suggesting, in addition to a depolarization of hair cells, some mechanical alterations.

Animals↗