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Healthcare systems' earnings performance last year was tied to their ownership status. For-profits saw an increase in earnings even though revenue decreased slightly. But not-for-profits' margins declined, even though those systems posted a robust increase in revenue. Those are among the findings of Modern Healthcare's revamped "Hospital Systems Survey."
In many ways it's been a quarter-century of change. But in some ways it's been just the opposite. To mark Modern Healthcare's silver anniversary under its current ownership, the magazine's staff took a trip through time, looking at pivotal events in healthcare during the past 25 years and the people who helped shape the industry.
In the United States, murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi) is endemic in southern California and South Texas. Evidence indicates the natural host/vector system is the opossum and cat flea, the most common flea on both cats and dogs, and speculation suggests that pet contact may pose a risk for R typhi exposure. Serum from 140 subjects was tested for rickettsial antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that used an R typhi antigen. Each subject was asked about pet contact status and placed in one of the following groups: owners, non-owners but with regular contact (more than 3 times per week), non-owners with irregular contact (fewer than 3 times per week), or non-owners with no contact. Overall, 15.7% of sera were positive for antirickettsia IgG. Of owners or those with regular contact, 14 of 96 (14.6%) were seropositive, while 8 of 44 (18.2%) of non-owners or those with irregular contact were seropositive. A chi-square test showed no significant difference among these groups (P > .5). We conclude that pet ownership or regular contact with pets is not a risk factor for exposure to Rickettsia typhi.
The objective of this study was to evaluate animal health status at entry to a feedlot against feedlot performance and carcass value. There were 24 herds represented by 417 calves in a retained ownership program. The health status at entry was represented by the levels of serum antibody to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 (BVDV1a, BVDV2), parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3V), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), Mannheimia haemolytica, and Pasteurella multocida, as well as by the presence of virus in nasal swabs and blood leukocytes and the presence of bacteria in nasal swabs. The presence or absence of viruses or bacteria at entry did not predict subsequent illness. However, there were predictors of illness severity (number of treatments) and performance parameters of feedlot performance. Herds with a low morbidity rate had higher levels of BVDV1a antibodies than herds with a high morbidity rate. On both an individual-animal and a herd-average basis, calves with low levels of antibody to BVDV1a and BVDV2 had increased total treatment costs. Also, for individual animals and the herd as a whole, low levels of antibody to P. multocida, BVDV1a, and BVDV2 were related to decreased net value to owner (carcass value minus total feedlot cost). Calves treated twice or more had lower levels of antibody to BVDV1a than those treated once or not at all. Differences in herd morbidity rate and treatment costs were more related to appropriate timing of vaccine (last dose at or near delivery of calf) or lack of a 2nd dose of killed vaccine. This was best illustrated by the levels of antibody to BVDV1a. The results of this study were used to formulate recommendations for the subsequent year.
This Act makes provision for the granting of the following incentives for the encouragement of home ownership in Malta: 1) relief from the duty chargeable under the Duty on Documents Act, 1981; 2) relief from the duty chargeable under the Death and Donations Duty Act, 1973; and 3) the right to register a dwelling house as a decontrolled dwelling house under the Housing (Decontrol) Ordinance, 1959.
This Law provides that foreigners may acquire buildings and vacant land in Egypt with the approval of the Prime Minister. Ownership is to be limited to one property for use as a private dwelling and not to exceed 3000 square meres in size. Vacant land acquired also must not exceed 3000 square meres. Exceptions are made for diplomatic premises. A foreigner acquiring vacant land must build upon it within three years, or the taxes on the land will be doubled. An additional doubling of the tax will be made at the end of the next three-year period and will be doubled after every additional year up to a tax of 10 times the original tax if the foreigner continues to fail to build on the land. Under the Law, land purchased by a foreigner may not be sold or otherwise disposed of until five years after the purchase. Sale or disposal of property without permission of the Council of Ministers or in violation of the provisions of the Law is void. Prime Ministerial Decree No. 1133 of 1988 sets forth procedural details for the purchase of land and buildings by foreigners. See Arab Law Quarterly, Vol. 4, Part 2, May 1989, p. 177.
The present article deals with the potential impact of structural changes and changes in hospital control or ownership on the employment contracts of the physicians concerned. While taking the applicable jurisdiction into consideration, the author examines the options of assigning new responsibilities or decreasing compensation opportunities, amending or even terminating employment contracts, outsourcing hospital-related services, or allowing physicians in the future to provide these services at their own risk. Furthermore, the article outlines the change in employer in various "change of control" scenarios such as in the case of hospital privatisation.
The results of a trend analysis concerning the traffic involvement of older people between 1975 and 1984 demonstrate that this group shows very positive attitudes towards motor-car ownership, with regard to the instrumental functions of motor-cars as well as to their non-instrumental values. However, attitudes toward motor-cars vary considerably within this population. The heterogeneity of the group of older people is also demonstrated with regard to their feelings of anxiety in traffic situations. The accumulation of some negative individual and collective variables results in increasing anxiety and immobility. As the results show, these feelings of anxiety are gradually increasing since 1975.
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"The analysis of events encountered by couple and family households may suffer from sample selection bias when data are restricted to couples existing at the moment of interview. The paper discusses the effect of sample selection bias on event history analyses of buying a home [in the Netherlands] by comparing analyses performed on a sample of existing couples with analyses of a more complete sample including past as well as current partner relationships. The results show that, although home-buying in relationships that have ended differs clearly from behaviour in existing relationships, sample selection bias is not alarmingly large." (SUMMARY IN FRE)
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A consistent pattern in the nursing home industry is that non-profit institutions serve a lower proportion of Medicaid patients than do for-profit facilities. This is contrary to the expectation that non-profit, altruistically motivated firms should serve a larger proportion of the less profitable Medicaid patients than proprietary firms. The literature confirms this pattern empirically, but provides no theoretical basis for it, which is the contribution of this paper. Specifically, we show theoretically that information disparities between providers and consumers regarding quality fosters an environment in which the percentage of uninformed consumers is a key factor in determining public-private patient mix.
Ethics and professional conduct are vital to civil engineering undergraduate curricula. Many programs struggle to ensure that students are given an adequate exposure to and appreciation of ethical and professional conduct issues. This paper describes a two-part ethics/professionalism project used in a senior-level course taught at the University of Arkansas. Initially, students scrutinize ethical canons and standards of professional conduct published by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), and prepare an essay concerning the applicability of these standards. The second part of the project builds on the first: based on the opinion(s) generated in Part 1, students are asked to develop a set of canons or standards targeted specifically to the undergraduate student, and suggest processes for implementing those standards within the department. Project objectives include: (1) exposure to nationally-recognized ethical canons and standards of professional conduct; (2) personal formulation of ethical and professional standards; (3) skill enhancement for non-technical written communications. Feedback by students prior to and after the project indicates success in meeting all objectives. The feedback also indicates that for some students, definitions and applications of ethics and professionalism are being broadened to include more than academic honesty issues.