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PubMed1990

[Rhinocerebral mycoses caused by Mucoraceae species (mucormycosis). Case report and literature review].

According to the literature and on the basis of the case reported in this paper of rhinocerebral mucoraceae mycosis we summarize the characteristic features as follows: mucoraceae--mycoses--common, but wrong term: "mucormycoses"--are a group of infections caused by members of the family mucoraceae (Mucor, Rhizomucor, Rhizopus, Absidia species)--most frequently by Rhizopus species. Primarily the fungi enter the pharynx or nose, local infections or trauma being a prerequisite. The most important predisposing factor is diabetes mellitus. Invading the tissue and causing vascular thrombosis the infection frequently takes an acute, often fulminating and fatal course. Acute sinusitis accompanied by swelling of the cheek and protrusion of the eye in a diabetic, particularly with acidosis, are pathognomonic. Diagnosis is confirmed by microscopic examination of infected tissue (unstained smear or histologically). Since systemically administered antifungals have not proved very effective in these myoses, mainly because an adequate tissue level can hardly be achieved, the most effective and curative treatment is surgical removal of infected tissue, simultaneous control of diabetes being mandatory.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ketoconazole in the treatment of ocular mycoses].

Ketoconazole (aronazole manufactured by Janssen Pharmaceutica, Belgium) was used in the therapy of 29 patients with mycoses of the organ of vision, 5 of these with mycotic canaliculitis, 5 with mycotic conjunctivitis, 13 with keratomycosis, and 6 with mycotic endophthalmitis. The patients were administered 1 tablet of oronazole (200 mg of ketoconazole) daily usually for 2-3 weeks. In 6 cases with severe keratomycoses ketoconazole emulsion was additionally administered 5-6 times daily into the eye (in drops). 19 patients (including all those with keratomycosis) were cured, in 5 cases the clinical status improved, in another 5 no effect was achieved. No side effects were recorded. These data are in accord with the literature reports on the high efficacy of ketoconazole in the treatment of mycotic involvement of the organ of vision and on the high antimycotic spectrum of this drug.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1989

[Vulvo-vaginal mycoses].

Vulvo-vaginal mycoses are extremely frequent and relatively easy to treat. Nevertheless, recurrent forms are extremely debilitating and there is no miracle treatment for them.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

[The esterase activity of the peripheral blood in patients with foot mycoses].

Nonspecific esterase activities were measured in the peripheral blood phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) of 37 patients with mycoses of the soles. The measurements have revealed lowered potentials of alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, naphthol-AS-acetate esterase, and naphthol-AS-D-chloracetate esterase, which appears to be due to depressed leucocyte phagocytic activity. Diucifon therapy corrected this metabolic imbalance.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[Urea treatment of mycoses].

Urea has been neglected up to now as a therapeutic agent in the field of mycology. This does not have to remain so in the future since urea preparations do have properties which improve the prospects for successfully treating mycoses. Moreover, urea does not produce any undesirable side effects on human skin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[The glycolytic status of peripheral blood phagocytes and its therapeutic correction in patients with foot mycoses].

Changed glycogen levels in the neutrophils and monocytes is a pathogenetic component contributing to the development of mycoses of the soles and a characteristic feature of nonspecific immune reactivity. The neutrophilic phagocytic activity is depressed in such patients, and the monocytes are functionally inert. Furazolidonum, potassium orotate, and riboflavin are effective stimulants of the cell-mediated defense in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The pharmacology of agents used in the treatment of pulmonary mycoses.

The different antifungals currently used in pulmonary mycoses consist of polyene antibiotics, the antimetabolite 5-fluorocytosine, and azole derivatives. The pharmacologic profiles, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical indications for use, dosage recommendations, side effects, and drug interactions for these agents are presented.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1987

Pathogenesis of human mycoses: role of adhesion to host surfaces.

Adhesion of microorganisms to various mucosal surfaces appears to be essential for initiating infection. The role of adhesion to host surfaces in pathogenesis of human mycoses, particularly the various manifestations of candidiasis, has been shown experimentally and correlated with epidemiological data.

Candida↗
PubMed1988

A ten year survey of superficial mycoses in the Tauranga district, Bay of Plenty.

Between 1 January 1976 and 31 December 1985, 4086 patients living in Tauranga and its environs were examined mycologically. All were suspected of superficial cutaneous mycoses and the majority were referred by general practitioners. A total of 1085 pathogenic fungi were identified, an isolation rate of 27%. The main pathogens identified in order of frequency were--Candida species; Microsporum canis; Trichophyton rubrum; Malassezia furfur; Epidermophyton floccosum; T mentagrophytes var interdigitale. The positivity rate was slightly higher for patients attending the laboratory compared with specimens collected at the surgeries of medical practitioners. Some seasonal variation was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Biological diagnosis of pulmonary parasitoses and mycoses].

Pulmonary involvement in parasitic disease is now due above all to the visceral Larva migrans syndrome, the diagnosis of which is serological, and to imported distomatosis due to Paragonimus sp, confirmed by the discovery of eggs in the sputum. An immature immunological status or immunodepression is necessary for the development of Pneumocystis carinii, where all of the stages of diagnosis, including that of the obtaining of sample material, are difficult. Pulmonary mycoses are represented above all by candidiosis, aspergillosis and rarely cryptococcosis which also commonly occur in the presence of an impaired underlying state. Diagnosis of these opportunistic fungi is sometimes difficult and it is necessary to take all clinical, laboratory and immunological data together in order to obtain confirmation.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Multicentre clinical study with tolciclate in the local treatment of skin mycoses in 1083 patients.

A multicentre clinical trial with tolciclate was carried out in Italy on 1083 patients suffering from skin mycoses (tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea manuum and pityriasis versicolor). Both preparations (1% cream and lotion) showed a good activity evaluated weekly by clinical examinations and mycological assessments, i.e. culture for tineas and microscopy for pityriasis versicolor. Favourable clinical results ranged from 83% to 97% according to diagnoses. Cultural or microscopic conversions obtained in a mean time of about 2 weeks varied from 70% to 91%. Mycological relapses a month after the end of treatment were seen in 6.5% of cases examined. Adverse reactions were observed in 5.6% of patients but the treatment was discontinued only in 2.6%.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

[Use of a new culture procedure in the diagnosis of vaginal mycoses--a contribution on the improvement of diagnosis].

On the basis of our good experiences with the application of the spoon culture procedure in the quantitative bacteriological urine diagnostics, we tested the applicability of the plastic spoon in the diagnostics of vaginal mycoses. Our investigations show that the spoon culture procedure means an optimization and rationalization in mycological diagnostics due to omission of several stages of work and of the risks of transport, and due to improvement of diagnostic reliability and acceleration of the transmission of findings.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1994

[Use of insoles made of antimicrobial materials as prophylactic means in foot mycoses].

Stationary dermatologic examination covered 32 sufferers from epidermophytosis of soles, who used 3 types of antimicrobial insoles chosen through laboratory investigations. Clinical trials proved that antimicrobial insoles, if applied during 2 weeks, result in considerably decreased occurrence of causal fungus in the patients' surface skin scarring. The results proved fungicidal and bactericidal activity of insoles including furagin, nitrofurilacroleine, polyhexamethylene guanidine, so such insoles could be recommended as prophylactic measure for mycoses of soles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Use of products made of antimicrobial materials in the prevention of foot mycoses].

Field trials were conducted to evaluate effectiveness of mycoses prophylaxis gained by use of antimicrobial insoles and foot-binding with fungicide agents. The trials involved 100 novice soldiers. Bacteriology and bacterioscopy studies diagnosed 47 soldiers as having subclinical mycosis of feet. Using antimicrobial insoles and foot-binding caused considerably lower occurrence of pathogenic fungi in the skin samples; using antimicrobial insoles with regular foot-binding resulted in no changes of the skin microflora. The authors recommend wide application of antimicrobial stuff with fungicide agents for prophylaxis of feet mycosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Successful treatment of subcutaneous mycoses with fluconazole: a report of two cases.

Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis are subcutaneous mycoses caused by traumatic implantation of the fungus into the skin. Medical treatments for chromoblastomycosis has been disappointing, while lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis usually responds well to iodides. Here we present a case of chromomycosis and a case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. Both patients were treated successfully with fluconazole.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antifungal prophylaxis to prevent invasive mycoses among bone marrow transplantation recipients.

We reviewed the effect of systemic, intranasal, and lipid formulations of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis. Specifically we reviewed the effect of antifungal prophylaxis on the development of fungal colonization, frequency of superficial and invasive mycosis, and overall mortality and that due to invasive mycoses in bone marrow transplantation recipients. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature describing the risk factors, epidemiology, and chemoprophylaxis of invasive mycosis in these patients. Preliminary data published as abstracts at national infectious diseases and hematology conferences within the last 5 years were included. Antifungal prophylaxis reduces fungal colonization and superficial infection. The ability of antifungal prophylaxis to prevent systemic infection or reduce the need for empiric amphotericin B depends on specific variables. Ultimately, antifungal prophylaxis has no affect on overall mortality, and very little impact on mortality attributed to fungi.

Amphotericin B↗