Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “LUPUS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and drug-induced lupus bind determinants on histone 5 (H5).

The antigenic domains of histone 5 (H5), a highly conserved variant of histone 1 (H1), were studied in relation to their reactivity with autoantibodies found in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and drug-induced lupus (DIL). While some H5 antibodies cross-react with H1, adsorption and immunoblotting studies have identified H5-specific antibodies as well. After proteolytic cleavage of H5 peptides, the reactivity of sera from these patients was tested by Western immunoblotting. All SLE (9/9) and DIL (7/7) sera bound an antigenic determinant in the carboxyl (C) terminus of H5 while none of the sera bound to the amino (N) terminus or the central hydrophobic domain. Although the reactivity of DIL sera with the purified H5 peptides was weaker than that of SLE sera, the antigenic domains bound by both groups of sera were the same. These observations demonstrate that the H5 domains reacting with DIL sera are restricted to the carboxyl terminus and are therefore no less restricted than those reacting with SLE sera. Further, the potential epitopes in the carboxyl terminus of H5 do not have a high degree of sequence identity with known mammalian peptides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus: 25-year evolution of a prototypic subset (subphenotype) of lupus erythematosus defined by characteristic cutaneous, pathological, immunological, and genetic findings.

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) represents a widespread, photosensitive, nonscarring, nonindurated form of lupus erythematosus (LE)-specific skin disease. SCLE lesions are associated with a distinctive immunogenetic background including the production of Ro/SS-A autoantibodies. Individuals who have SCLE skin lesions as a component of their presenting illnesses represent a distinctive subset (subphenotype) of LE that enjoys a good prognosis with respect to life-threatening systemic manifestations of LE. SCLE skin lesions can be triggered by a number of different drugs the majority of which are capable of producing photosensitivity drug reactions in nonlupus patients. Single agent or combination aminoquinoline antimalarial therapy will suffice for 75% of SCLE patients. The remaining 25% will require other forms of systemic antiinflammatory therapy (e.g., diaminodipenylsulfone (Dapsone), thalidomide) or systemic immunosuppressive-immunomodulatory therapy. The etiopathogenesis of SCLE skin lesions is thought to result from four sequential stages: (1) inheritance of susceptibility genes (HLA 8.1 ancestral haplotype [C2, C4 deficiency, TNF-alpha-308A polymorphism], C1q deficiency); (2) loss of tolerance/induction of autoimmunity (ultraviolet light, photosensitizing drugs/chemicals, cigarette smoking, infection, psychological stress); (3) expansion/maturation of autoimmune responses (high levels of autoantibodies (Ro/SS-A), immune complexes, autoreactive T-cells); and (4) tissue injury/disease induction resulting from various autoimmune effector mechanisms (e.g., direct T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity).

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Effects of systemic lupus erythematosus on spatial cognition and cerebral regional metabolic reactivity in BxSB lupus-prone mice.

Brain-reactive auto-antibodies appear as key elements in the progressive CNS disturbances associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. The BxSB lupus prone mice are a model of this pathology, in which a gene located on the Y chromosome provokes a sex specific morbidity in males. This study was aimed to establish and characterize the relationships between behavioral disorders, neurological deficiencies and the aged-related immunological perturbations in this murine model. For this purpose, spatial and motor abilities were evaluated in male and female mice at six and 26 weeks of age. The results showed that the older males were greatly altered in their spatial abilities while the young ones and the females, whatever their age, were not. None of the animals had motor skill and motor learning disabilities. These spatial alterations were associated with modifications of basal neuronal activity measured by the cytochrome oxidase histochemical method in several areas directly or indirectly involved in spatial behavior, such as the hippocampus, the amygdala, the parietal and perirhinal cortex. Immunological study allowed us to correlate the behavioral abnormalities to the appearance of antibodies reactivities against cellular and nuclear components.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Lupus cardiomyopathy: cardiac mechanics, hemodynamics, and coronary blood flow in uncomplicated systemic lupus erythematosus.

Right and left heart pressures, left ventricular volumes, indices of contractility, myocardial wall stiffness, and coronary blood flow were determined in five young women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during diagnostic right and left heart catheterization. Examinations revealed (1) increases of right and left ventricular enddiastolic pressures; (2) decreases of cardiac output, stroke volume, ejection fraction, contractility indices, diastolic left ventricular volume inflow; (3) decreases of pharmacologically induced coronary vasodilation in SLE. The results demonstrate impaired pump function, reduced contractility, increased myocardial wall stiffness, and decreased coronary vascular reserve in SLE. It is concluded that lupus cardiomyopathy associated with an impairment of left ventricular function may be apparent in young women with SLE who have no clinical signs of cardiac dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Lupus in the 1980s: III. Influence of clinical variables, biopsy, and treatment on the outcome in 150 patients with lupus nephritis seen at a single center.

Of 500 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus observed at our center, 150 fulfilled criteria for lupus nephritis. Of these 150 patients, 91% were female, and 67% were white. The mean age of onset was 26.2 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 11.7 years. Biopsies (n = 142) performed on 107 patients showed the following World Health Organization (WHO) class distribution: class I, n = 1; class II, n = 13; class III, n = 19; class IV, n = 69; class V, n = 17; class VI, n = 8; and class not determinable, n = 15. Ninety-five patients were nephrotic. Therapeutic intervention courses given to all patients (n = 356) included parenteral (IV) cyclophosphamide (n = 58), high-dose oral steroids (n = 126), pulse steroids (n = 49), apheresis (n = 39), azathioprine (n = 43), oral cyclophosphamide (n = 5), nitrogen mustard (n = 27), and chlorambucil (n = 6). In addition to examining the course of disease for various subsets, various predictors for fatality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were analyzed. Descriptive data for the short-term response to five therapies are provided for the complete patient sample, proliferative disease, and nephrotic syndrome. Twenty patients died, primarily from cardiovascular complications and sepsis, with 97% and 92% 5- and 10-year survival rates, respectively. Twenty-nine were dialyzed, and 11 were transplanted. Risk of ESRD by WHO class at 5 years was as follows: class III, 0%; IV, 9%; V, 16% (P = .04 for class V v other patterns).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Carpal tunnel syndrome in cutaneous connective tissue disease: generalized morphea, lichen sclerosus, fasciitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and lupus panniculitis.

Carpal tunnel syndrome developed concurrently with cutaneous connective tissue disease in five patients. The skin lesions varied from morphea, lichen sclerosus, fasciitis, and discoid lupus erythematosus to lupus panniculitis. Variable and transitory serologic and direct immunofluorescent findings were noted. In two cases, surgical specimens from carpal tunnel operations had lymphoid nodules. Treatment of the cutaneous connective tissue syndrome (antimalarials, four cases; corticosteroids, two cases) brought healing of the carpal tunnel syndrome as well as improvement of the skin lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Verrucous lupus erythematosus: ultrastructural studies on a distinct variant of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus.

Ten patients with classic discoid lupus erythematosus of the face associated with verrucous, papulonodular lesions on the arms and hands were studied by electron microscopy. The ultrastructural findings on the verrucous lesions included apoptotic keratinocytes, intraepidermal lymphocytes, and gapping, detachment, and reduplication of the basal lamina. Also, tubuloreticular inclusion bodies were present in the endothelial cells. These observations, together with the clinical, histopathologic, and immunofluorescence findings, suggest that the verrucous lesions represent a rare, but distinct, variant of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2000

Factors predictive of outcome in severe lupus nephritis. Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group.

In 1992, we published the results of a prospective, controlled trial of aggressive therapy (high-dose prednisone plus oral cyclophosphamide alone or with plasmapheresis) in 86 patients with severe lupus nephritis. During this study, remission (serum creatinine < or =1.4 mg/dL [< or =123 micromol/L] and proteinuria < or =330 mg/d of protein) in renal disease occurred in 37 patients (43%). To assess the long-term effect of remission on patient and renal survival, we now report the results of our extended follow-up of these patients. After an average of 10 years of follow-up in the 86 patients, patient survival rates at both 5 and 10 years were 95% in the group that had a remission and 69% at 5 years and 60% at 10 years in the no-remission group (P < 0.001). Renal survival rates were 94% at both 5 and 10 years in the remission group compared with 46% at 5 years and 31% at 10 years in the no-remission group (P < 0. 0001). Features predictive of remission included stable renal function after 4 weeks on therapy, category IV lesion, lower chronicity index, white race, lower urine protein excretion level at baseline, and lower baseline serum creatinine level. The features predictive of end-stage renal disease were higher baseline serum creatinine level, presence of anti-Ro antibodies, and failure to attain a remission. Thus, in patients with the most severe forms of lupus nephritis, a remission of clinical renal abnormalities is associated with dramatic improvement in long-term patient and renal survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Irreproducibility of the activity and chronicity indices limits their utility in the management of lupus nephritis. Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group.

Histological indices of renal pathology in lupus nephritis have been proposed as prognostic signs and as a method to quantitate therapeutic response. We tested the reproducibility of the activity (AI) and chronicity indices (CI) in the renal biopsies from 83 patients with lupus nephritis, enrolled in a controlled therapeutic trial. The AI/CI were calculated separately by four renal pathologists using published criteria. Pair-wise Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship among the scores of the four raters, and their degree of reproducibility was evaluated using the coefficient of reliability. The mean CI scores ranged from 2.84 to 4.61, and the mean AI ranged from 9.64 to 12.89. The correlation among the different pathologist's scores ranged from 0.44 to 0.63 for the AI and 0.60 to 0.76 for the CI. One pathologist (M.M.S.) rated the biopsies twice, and the correlation between the two ratings was 0.58 for the AI and 0.74 for the CI. Thus, the AI and CI calculated by different pathologists and the temporally separate observations of a single observer were only moderately correlated. The reproducibility of a single rating was low, showing a reliability coefficient of 0.48 for the AI and 0.57 for the CI. The low reliability coefficient suggests that the variability among pathologists was the result of interpretative differences. We conclude that the AI/CI are too subjective to be used as therapeutic guides or as prognosticators.

Atrophy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of antibodies to histones in human systemic lupus erythematosus and in murine lupus-like syndromes using micro-ELISA.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent microassay (micro-ELISA) was improved for the detection of anti-histone antibodies. Detection of these antibodies in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic sclerodermitis sclerosis (SCL), showed a positive correlation between the presence of antinuclear antibodies detected by indirect immunofluorescence and the level of anti-histone antibodies (p less than or equal to 0.02) having anti-H1 (p less than or equal to 0.001) and anti-H2B (p less than or equal to 0.01) specificities. These antibodies were more frequently detected, and at a higher level, in human SLE than in RA and SCL. Anti-H1 and anti-H2B (and less frequently anti-H3) antibodies were also found in mice with lupus-like syndrome (MRL/1, PN and Swan). Their level rose with age and they were prevalent in the severe forms, especially in MRL/1 and PN.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Predictive value of renal pathology in diffuse proliferative lupus glomerulonephritis. Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group.

We tested the value of the activity (AI) and chronicity (CI) indices devised by Austin et al as predictors of outcome in lupus patients with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN). Four renal pathologists independently scored the AI and CI on 84 renal biopsy specimens from patients with lupus DPGN followed for 109 +/- 74 weeks (mean +/- SD), and the mean score was compared to the development of renal failure and to adverse outcome (combined data for renal failure, death and predefined clinical stop points). Receiver operator characteristic curves were derived from a series of 2 x 2 tables in which one variable was renal failure or adverse outcome and the other variable was AI or CI dichotomized by a cut-off point. Over the entire range (0 to 10) of the CI there was no value that separated patients who developed renal failure from those who did not. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of the CI were too low to allow it to function as a good test. Once patients entering renal failure were identified, the mean CI approached but did not reach a significant difference when compared to the mean CI of those who did not go into renal failure (4.38 +/- 0.42, mean +/- SE vs. 3.19 +/- 0.23, P = 0.0620). The CI did not predict the adverse clinical outcomes. There was no cut-off value of the CI which separated patients who had an adverse outcome from those who did not, and this result was confirmed by ROC analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Role of pathology indices in the management of severe lupus glomerulonephritis. Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group.

The principal value of the renal biopsy in patients with SLE is as a therapeutic guide. Although semiquantitative indices of nephron loss (chronicity = CI) and acute potentially reversible inflammation (activity = AI) are reported by some to have separate values from traditional classifications of glomerular pathology as predictors of outcome and therapeutic guides, this point remains controversial. We have tested the predictive value of the AI and CI in a large group of patients with severe lupus glomerulonephritis (SLE GN) and a mean follow-up of 281 weeks +/- 116 (mean +/- SD). A total of 86 patients entered into the study of plasmapheresis in severe SLE GN by the Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group, and long-term follow-up was available in 83. The predictive value of the AI and the CI was described over the entire range of cut-off points by the method of receiver operator characteristics (ROC). ROC analysis demonstrated that there was no level of either AI or CI that predicted the outcome of death or renal failure with sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be useful in the individual patient. The CI signifies renal damage and nephron loss, whereas the AI describes potentially reversible pathology. Neither the CI nor the AI taken by itself predicts individual outcomes of renal failure or death in patients with aggressively treated SLE GN. Since the indices fail to identify the patient whose disease will progress to renal failure, they are both insufficient as therapeutic guides and add little to the management of the patient with severe SLE GN.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Follicular lupus erythematosus: a new cutaneous manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

We report the clinical, histopathological and immunological features of follicular erythema and petechiae in a 30-year-old Japanese woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Histology showed this eruption to constitute a cutaneous manifestation of SLE. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of follicular erythema and petechiae in association with SLE. Accordingly, we propose that this rare eruption be termed 'follicular lupus erythematosus'.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

An analysis of apoptosis in lymphoid organs and lupus disease in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process that helps to regulate both T cell and B cell development. In this study, we have investigated the levels of apoptotic death in cells of the thymuses and spleens (white matter) of autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice with progressive lymphadenopathy and SLE disease activity; we also examined the renal pathology in these animals. Fas is a cell surface receptor, which when activated initiates the sequence of events that lead to apoptosis. In MRL-lpr/lpr mice Fas is defective, so the competency for apoptosis may be reduced. In young animals of advancing age the thymuses enlarged until in 5-month-old females the average weight was three times that at 1 month, and spleen and kidney weights also increased in size disproportionately. At light microscope level apoptotic cells in tissue sections were counted using both routine eosin and haematoxylin staining (to identify them by their morphology) and in situ end-labelling of cells with DNA strand breaks; their presence was further confirmed by electron microscopy. As the mice aged, the numbers of apoptotic cells in thymic cortex, thymic medulla and spleen white pulp areas reduced significantly (P < 0.01-0.001), whereas in BALB/c normal controls they increased significantly (P < 0.05). These changes were coincident with the development of severe lupus, whose activity was assessed by measuring serum anti-ssDNA and anti-dsDNA antibody titres and urinary protein (albumin) level which were elevated significantly by 5 months of age (P < 0.001 for both ssDNA and dsDNA and P < 0.01 for urine albumin) compared with their younger counterparts. Thus, lymphoid organ enlargement, decrease in apoptotic indices, elevated serum anti-ssDNA and anti-dsDNA antibody levels, and impaired renal function coincided with the onset and severity of lupus disease in lpr mice. It seems likely that there is a causal relationship between defective deletion of autoreactive lymphoid cells, imperfect Fas-mediated apoptosis and development of murine SLE.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Mycobacteria, an environmental enhancer of lupus nephritis in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies directed against self antigens. Immune complex glomerulonephritis (GN) is one of the most serious complications of this disorder and can lead to potentially fatal renal failure. The aetiology of SLE is complex and multifactorial, characterized by interacting environmental and genetic factors. Here we examine the nature of the renal pathology in mycobacteria-treated non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, in order to assess its suitability as a model for studying the aetiopathogenesis of, and possible treatment options for, lupus nephritis (LN) in humans. Both global and segmental proliferative lesions, characterized by increased mesangial matrix and cellularity, were demonstrated on light microscopy, and lesions varied in severity from very mild mesangiopathic GN through to obliteration of capillary lumina and glomerular sclerosis. Mixed isotype immune complexes (IC) consisting of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA and complement C3c were detected using direct immunofluorescence. They were deposited in multiple sites within the glomeruli, as confirmed by electron microscopy. The GN seen in mycobacteria-treated NOD mice therefore strongly resembles the pathology seen in human LN, including mesangiopathic, mesangiocapillary and membranous subclasses of LN. The development of spontaneous mixed isotype IC in the glomeruli of some senescent NOD mice suggests that mycobacterial exposure is accelerating, rather than inducing, the development of GN in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Successful delivery in a pregnant woman with lupus anticoagulant positive systemic lupus erythematosus treated with double filtration plasmapheresis.

The case was a 29 year old female who has suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) since 15 years of age. The activity of SLE was low, and she took prednisolone orally. Her first pregnancy failed after 14 weeks. In the second pregnancy, she had thrombocytopenia, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), positive lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and thus was diagnosed with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). Combination therapy with steroids and aspirin was started, and she underwent treatment of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in the early stage of pregnancy. Her platelet count increased, and the value of APTT has normalized with DFPP treatment. She delivered successfully on the 32nd week of pregnancy. We think that DFPP is an effective and safe treatment in patients with an LAC positive pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Lupus-specific autoantibodies in concomitant human immunodeficiency virus and systemic lupus erythematosus: case report and literature review.

OBJECTIVES: To report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We also reviewed the medical literature for similar cases to assess the role of "lupus-specific antibodies" in the diagnosis of SLE in the presence of HIV infection. METHODS: We described the presentation, clinical course, and serologic studies of our patient and reviewed the English language medical literature from 1966 to 1999 using MEDLINE with the keywords "SLE," "HIV," "acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)," and "autoantibodies." RESULTS: Our patient with long-standing HIV infection presented with fever, arthralgias and arthritis, photosensitive rash, oral ulcers, alopecia, headache, pleuritic chest pain, and lymphadenopathy. Laboratory testing showed leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, antibodies against ribonucleoprotein, Smith, and ribosomal-P, as well as immunoglobulin G anticardiolipin antibodies. Review of the literature revealed only 25 cases of concomitant SLE and HIV. In these cases, rheumatologic signs and symptoms were common in HIV and overlapped significantly with SLE. Autoantibodies also occurred frequently in both diseases. CONCLUSIONS: There are very few reported cases of concomitant HIV and SLE. These diseases may be largely mutually exclusive, but distinguishing the two can be difficult because of the high degree of rheumatic complaints and autoantibodies in HIV-positive patients. As illustrated by the patient presented, SLE should be considered in HIV-positive patients with rheumatologic complaints.

Adult↗