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Results for “Insurance Selection Bias”

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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Legal rules and industry norms: the impact of laws restricting health insurers' use of genetic information.

Since 1991, twenty-eight states have enacted laws that prohibit insurers' use of genetic information in pricing, issuing, or structuring health insurance. This article evaluates whether these laws reduce the extent of genetic discrimination by health insurers. Using multiple data sources, it concludes that there are almost no well-documented cases of health insurers asking for or using pre-symptomatic genetic test results in their underwriting decisions either before or after these laws, or in states with or without these laws. At present, health insurers are not thinking about or interested in using genetic information of this sort. Using this information is not cost effective and is not seen as contributing significantly to underwriting accuracy. However, if genetic testing information were easily available, some health insurers would consider using it in some fashion if that were legal. In the future, such information could become much more relevant to health insurers than it is now. Therefore, the major effect of these laws is to make it less likely that insurers will use genetic information in the future. Although insurers and agents are only vaguely aware of these laws, the laws have helped to convince the industry that it is not appropriate or socially legitimate to use this information. Thus, these laws have caused the insurance industry to embrace more socially oriented norms and attitudes.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2001

An analysis of the proposal for population based screening for hereditary hemochromatosis in Massachusetts.

The Massachusetts Senate is considering a bill which would require a screening test for iron overload diseases when such a test is medically necessary. The legislation is also authorized to establish, promote, and administer a statewide early detection program for the detection of hereditary hemochromatosis. Despite the challenges to a successful screening program which have been documented in the medical literature and the potential for genetic discrimination, the public health benefits justify this legislation as long as the necessary modifications and precautions are established.

Genetic Testing↗
PubMed2003

Implications of genetic testing: discrimination in life insurance and future directions.

This article examines the possibility of genetic discrimination in life insurance and discusses the inability of current Australian legislation to deal adequately with genetic test result information. Genetic information has certain features that distinguish it from other medical information and thus a specialist legislative package is required to regulate its use. This article outlines how current practices in the life insurance industry are inconsistent with notions of human rights. Several legislative options are suggested and examined. Given the negative and damaging impact that adverse selection is likely to have on the life insurance industry should the use of all genetic test results be prohibited, an approach which modifies the current regime is recommended. This includes a comprehensive review scheme and the introduction of additional insurance products tailored to individuals suffering from various genetic illnesses or predispositions to future disease.

Australia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetics and the moral mission of health insurance.

Deciding whether genetic differences among individuals are morally relevant to health insurance requires us to ask, What kind of good is health care? and, What principles should govern its distribution? There are good reasons to doubt that "actuarial fairness" is an adequate description of genuine fairness in health insurance.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insurance for the insurers. The use of genetic tests.

Genetic testing raises concerns that individuals will be denied health insurance (and thus, effectively, access to health care), or that employers will screen to eliminate potentially costly workers. Although we as a society do not yet concur on the degree to which private businesses have a responsibility to promote social justice, several different policy alternatives might allow us to weigh the interests of insurers, as businesses, against the interests of citizens in a responsible manner.

Eligibility Determination↗
PubMed2003

Sick system.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2004

Pricing implications of trends in population mortality and underwriting effectiveness.

Pricing actuaries try to anticipate insured lives mortality rates for decades into the future by considering historic relationships between population and insured lives mortality and trends in population mortality. The degree to which underwriting might decrease insured lives mortality relative to population mortality is of particular importance. A comparison of trends in population and insured mortality is presented to illustrate historic relationships. Two theories for future life expectancy trends are: 1) no foreseeable limit to life expectancy, and 2) life expectancy limited by biological forces. Factors that may increase or decrease the future effectiveness of underwriting are reviewed.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2004

Older age underwriting: frisky vs frail.

The speed of the aging process is variable. Some individuals remain exceptionally fit beyond age 90, while others become frail and fragile early. Survival is better predicted by biological age (state of health, status of reserves) rather than chronological age (age in years since date of birth). The frail group shows a higher mortality compared to the robust group. When assessing the elderly in underwriting, it is important to note the usual chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, COPD, cancer risk, and so on. But because of its strong impact on prognosis, it is also important to assess frailty. Key features of frailty are social isolation, dependency in managing life activities and self-care, cognitive decline, shrinking of bone and muscle mass, and slow weight loss.

Activities of Daily Living↗