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306 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Is there a risk of global respiratory insufficiency with the use of intramuscular midazolam as premedication for bronchoscopy?].

To determine whether midazolam i.m. as premedication for bronchoscopy involves a risk of overall respiratory failure, we compared hydrocodonum (15 mg i.m.) with midazolam (5-7.5 mg i.m., weight related) as premedication in flexible bronchoscopy in two groups of 30 patients. The two groups were comparable. Arterial blood gases were measured before premedication, before bronchoscopy, and 10 and 60 minutes after the procedure. Significant respiratory depression did not occur in either group. Side effects were rare and similar. Confusional states, as reported with midazolam given orally, were not noted. Midazolam administered as reported above is of value as premedication in flexible bronchoscopy.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of conorphone on the dimensions of the myocardial infarct and the ultrastructural changes in the adjacent tissue].

Among contemporary problems of cardiovascular therapy, pain management in the cardiac patient is an important issue. Correct selection of a suitable analgesic drug is important in the acute phase of myocardial infarction because pain relief prevents adrenergic response which aggravates unbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demands. Until today morphine has been the best choice, nevertheless its side effects and limited availability demands pharmacological alternatives. Meperidine has been used for this purpose although its anticholinergic and narcotic profiles do not fulfill the therapeutic requirements. Conorphone is a codeine derivative which retains analgesic potency without other narcotic side effects and which presents an antagonistic profile for the remainder of opiate effects. Preliminary studies demonstrate that conorphone lacks cardiovascular side effects. Conorphone also shows antiarrhythmic effects in experimental models such as in rat in which arrhythmias were induced by coronary ligation. In this paper a morphologic analysis with electron microscopy was done on adjacent myocardial tissue next to an area of infarct. Experimental myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of descendant branch of left coronary artery, four hours prior to rat sacrifice and suitable samples for ultrastructure study were obtained. The experiments demonstrate that a group of rats that received 3.1 mg/kg of conorphone had less expressions of cellular damage when compared with similar myocardial areas of a control group of rats.

Analgesics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disposition and metabolism of codorphone in the rat, dog, and man.

The disposition and metabolism of codorphone, 17-cyclopropyl-methyl-4,5 alpha-8 beta-ethyl-3-methoxymorphinan-6-one (I), a new narcotic antagonist, analgesic agent, have been studied in the rat, dog, and man. Rats and dogs were given single 100- and 50-mg/kg po doses, respectively, of I-3H; human volunteers received single 10- to 30-mg doses of unlabeled I po. The compound appeared to be well absorbed in the three species. In rats the highest levels of radioactivity were in liver, adrenals, kidneys, spleen, and lungs. Excretion was primarily fecal in rats and dogs. In man about 50% of the dose appeared in the 24-hr urine. I was about 95% metabolized by each species. The major metabolites in rats resulted from 3- and/or 17-dealkylation. Metabolism in dogs was characterized primarily by 17-dealkylation. The major pathways of I metabolism in man were 17-dealkylation and 6-reduction. In the three species significant glucuronic acid conjugation of metabolites occurred.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of conorphone, a mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, to codeine for postoperative dental pain.

The analgesic efficacy of two doses of conorphone (20 and 40 mg), a mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, were compared to two doses of codeine for postoperative pain in the oral surgery model. Each subject received 2 of the 4 possible treatment at two separate sessions in an incomplete block, single crossover design. Both doses of conorphone and the 60 mg dose of codeine were superior to 30 mg of codeine for the various indices of analgesic activity. The 40 mg dose of conorphone resulted in a high incidence of side effects (25/30 subjects) such as drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. The low dose of conorphone resulted in side effects similar to 60 mg of codeine with the exception of a greater incidence of drowsiness. These data suggest that while 40 mg of conorphone may not be well tolerated clinically, 20 mg of conorphone may be an alternative to 60 mg of codeine for postoperative pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Useful and superfluous measures in the treatment of respiratory infections].

A safe and inexpensive approach to respiratory infections requires: 1. an accurate diagnosis, 2. a critical attitude towards drugs whose clinical efficacy is unproven, 3. to avoid antibiotics where they are not strictly indicated, 4. to use penicillin instead of more expensive (and often less active) antibiotics in the treatment of infections due to streptococci or pneumococci.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1998

To tame the pain?

Pain is still one of the most common reasons given by patients for avoiding dental care. Dental pain was identified as one of the most common pain complaints a national survey of pain in the US population. Although pain associated with dentistry encompasses intraoperative pain and pathologic pain as a result of dental neglect, it is likely that some of the aversion toward dentistry is a result of pain that occurs in the postoperative period.

Analgesics, Opioid↗