[Foreign body perforation in jejunum diverticulosis].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Foreign-Body Migration”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The immunopathology of intestinal granulomatus disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Cemented versus cementless hip arthroplasty. A review of prosthetic biocompatibility.
The fibrous interface tissue between hip prostheses and surrounding bone is often morphologically and functionally synovial-like. The fibroblast is the major cell type; but also giant cells and macrophages are present, and their numbers are increased in the occasional adverse-type host reaction to the prosthesis. Adverse lytic reactions are often associated with methylmethacrylate debris, whereas in cementless cases, polyethylene and metallic (titanium) wear debris seem to cause adverse reactions. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and mesenchymal collagenase secreted by fibroblasts and macrophages play an important role in the process of prosthetic loosening. Methylmethacrylate is immunologically relatively inert, while it induces inflammatory mononuclear-cell migration. Both cemented and cementless prostheses cause a foreign-body type host response, including adaptive and reactive processes. This response includes the formation of fibroblast-like B-type lining cells, which are able to synthesize and secrete hyaluronate. Material surfaces of hip arthroplasty components also provide a unique environmental niche to which staphylococcal strains adhere and colonize. Antibiotic resistance is related to the material colonized rather than to the presence of an exopolysaccharide barrier; organisms bound to polyethylene and methylmethacrylate are more resistant than organisms that are bound to stainless steel. An understanding of prosthetic biocompatibility requires an appreciation of tissue cell, bacterial cell and host defense-system response to biomaterials. The site of implantation is a stage on which the "players" (bacteria, host cells, and organic moieties) interact and compete, and before which the host is a "responsive audience."
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Experimental studies of sensitization to beryllium, zirconium, and aluminum compounds in the rabbit.
In a study designed to assess the potential sensitizing and granulomagenic capacities of selected metallic salts, rabbits were inoculated intradermally with zirconium aluminum glycinate (ZAG), sodium zirconium lactate (NZL), aluminum chlorhydrate (ACH), BeSO 4, and ovalbumin (OVA) by single and multiple injections. Animals immunized with BeSO4 and with OVA developed delayed skin reactivity as well as antigen-specific alveolar macrophage migration inhibition. Neither single nor multiple injections of ZAG or ACH resulted in clear-cut positive skin reactivity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production, or lymphocyte stimulation. Rabbits inoculated with multiple injections of NZL (500 microng) showed some marginally positive macrophage migration inhibition and skin reactivity. Histologically, ZAG and ACH were found to induce well-organized foreign-body granulomas after intradermal injection in both normal and inoculated rabbits. NZL and BeSO4 also induced skin granulomas, but these were less organized and distinct. Cell viability and ultrastructural studies indicated that BeSO4 was highly toxic for isolated alveolar macrophages in vitro at concentrations above 10 microng/ml, but NZL and ZAG did not exert such an effect at these dose levels. BeSO4 also depressed lymphocyte stimulation in sensitized animals which demonstrated delayed skin reactivity and macrophage migration inhibition.
Aluminum↗
Silicone lymphadenopathy associated with failed prosthesis of the hallux: a case report and literature review.
Three years after replacement of a first metatarsophalangeal joint with a silicone prosthesis, a tennis player developed an enlarged ipsilateral femoral lymph node. The implant was also noted to have failed. Fine needle aspiration of the node revealed a foreign body giant cell reaction to particulates morphologically compatible with silicone elastomer. This finding suggests the potential utility of fine needle aspiration in the evaluation of patient response to foreign materials used in prosthetic devices. The lymphadenopathy also suggests that prosthetic metatarsophalangeal replacement in patients with high demand activities run the risk not only of failure of the prosthesis, but also of central migration of the particulate debris resulting from silicone elastomers.
Female↗
Ultrastructural features of proliferating fibroblasts in inflammatory granulomas.
Proliferating fibroblasts in subcutaneous connective tissue of rats after injection of peanut oil or implantation of an almost insoluble synthetic material (silicap) were characterized electron microscopically. In tissue samples of both the foreign body granulomas typical fibroblasts with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and a peculiar cellular modulation resembling histiocytes concerning their organelle composition were found. The morphological picture of the latter cells does not allow the conclusion that their function must be a merely phagocytic one. True myofibroblasts as detected in other stages of connective tissue proliferation are not present. The capillary vessels show a clear proliferation of their vascular cells and migration of these cells with assumption of fibroblastic features is suggested basing on morphological observations.
Animals↗
Response to subdermal implantation of textured microimplants in humans.
In lieu of the problems involved with the use of foreign substances such as ivory, paraffin, liquid silicone, and collagen, a new subcutaneous injectable device has been developed. This material--Bioplastique--has been developed in an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of previous augmentation materials, most notably absorption, migration, and immunologic rejection. This article presents a longitudinal study of the use of this new microimplant.
Biocompatible Materials↗
The ultrastructural architecture of the tissue/hard-tissue replacement interface.
This investigation examined the tissue response and interfacial bonding between bone and hard-tissue replacement (HTR) using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and a hole (1.0 mm deep by 2.0 mm wide) was drilled in the calvarium. Subsequently, HTR was implanted and the wound closed. The implants and surrounding tissues were removed at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days and prepared for examination by SEM or TEM. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed a typical inflammatory response that subsided by day 14. At that time, a fine layer of collagen fibrils (fibrous envelope) was observed covering the polymeric surface. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) showed no sign of mineralization. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that the fibrous envelope was bilaminar; it consisted of a relatively undifferentiated cellular layer adjacent to the polymer and an outer fibrous region. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of 28-day implants showed that osteoblasts had migrated onto the outer surface of the fibrous envelope and that calcification had been initiated as judged by EDXA. Electron microscopic examination confirmed previous observations of an undifferentiated cellular layer along the interfacial boundary, but also showed both macrophages and foreign-body giant cells. At 56 days, bone was observed to contact and cover the fibrous envelope surrounding the polymeric bead; however, EDXA showed that the fibrous envelope remained noncalcified. Transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed that the inner cellular layer was beginning to mature, as indicated by the presence of numerous cellular organelles. This maturation was accompanied by an increased incidence of macrophages as well as foreign-body giant cells. Within the time constraints of the experimental design, it is apparent that a bilaminar layer of cells and fibers remains between the HTR and the bone. Additional studies will be necessary, over extended time periods, to determine whether the bilaminar layer remains a constant feature between the HTR and the surrounding bone or whether this region is gradually supplanted by the ingrowing bone.
Animals↗
Short-term effect of silicone gel on peripheral nerves: a histologic study.
The effect of silicone gel on the peripheral nerve was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Silicone gel was placed either extraneurally (N = 36) adjacent to or injected directly in the sciatic nerve (N = 20). Nerve histology was studied every 2 weeks over a 20-week period. Extraneural silicone gel elicited an intense inflammatory response characterized initially by predominantly histiocytes with a few eosinophils, lymphocytes, and foreign-body giant cells. The cellular response peaked at 4 weeks, after which time collagen deposition increased and the thickness of the cellular infiltrate surrounding the gel decreased. The gel was temporarily contained by the inflammatory response, but throughout the time course of the study, gel migration and breakup into smaller droplets occurred. Each droplet appeared to initiate the inflammation-fibrosis cycle anew. Perineural fibrosis was marked by 20 weeks, but there was no penetration of the epineurium by the gel. Intraneurally injected silicone gel also caused a delayed, but similar inflammatory response, eventually followed by fibrosis surrounding the gel. Intraneural gel tended to remain in larger droplets and did not migrate over the duration of this study. No direct evidence of gel toxicity to peripheral nerves was observed in either the extraneural or intraneural gel groups despite the initial intense inflammatory response and subsequent fibrosis.
Animals↗
Experimental study of tissue response to ruptured gel-filled mammary prostheses.
Miniature "soft gel" filled breast prostheses were implanted into rats, and half of these were purposefully ruptured upon insertion. At sacrifice of the animals later, the position of the exuded gel, the variability of the capsule thickness, and the extent of the capsule formation were evaluated. The capsule thickness was significantly increased around the ruptured prostheses, in response to the exuded gel. Also, the gel migrated through the fibrous capsule and into the surrounding tissue, eliciting an inflammatory response there to produce capsule thickening.
Animals↗
Experimental granulomatous inflammation: the ultrastructure of the granuloma induced by injection of tubercle bacilli into Freund adjuvant-sensitised guinea-pigs.
Injection of killed tubercle bacilli into a sensitised guinea pig produces a characteristic biphasic response with the development of an organised epithelioid cell granuloma in the second phase. Previous sensitisation to tubercle bacilli is a requirement for development of the organised granulomatous response. The main components of the granuloma are epithelioid cells, although multinucleate cells of both Langhans and foreign-body type are present. Epithelioid cells appear to evolve from monocytes, probably in the sequence: (a) monocyte, (b) monocytic transition form, (c) immature epithelioid cell, (d) mature epithelioid cell, although some may possibly develop through a macrophage stage. Differentiation of monocytes into epithelioid cells is a continual process in the experimental tuberculous granuloma with monocytes migrating into the lesion at all stages examined. Epithelioid cells are not obviously phagocytic. Their differ4ntiation has a phase suggestive of biosynthesis during which RER is the predominant cytoplasmic component. This is followed by a storage/secretory phase in which the cytoplasm contains membrane-lined vesicles and prominent Golgi apparatus. The vesicles and, where distended, the RER laminae contain a lightly staining, finely granular material the biological activity of which is unknown.
Animals↗
Evaluation of a collagen/hydroxylapatite implant for orbital reconstructive surgery.
A variety of autogenous and alloplastic materials have been used to correct enophthalmos. Hydroxylapatite (HA), is a calcium-phosphate-based compound that has been extensively studied as a bone replacement material. We studied the properties of a new dense particulate form of HA in a collagen matrix (PFC/HA) implanted in the subperiosteal space of ten rabbit orbits for a period of 6 months. All animals were studied with pre- and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans, and measurements of induced proptosis and implant volume were made. The proptosis induced by the implant averaged 2.2 mm and was stable over a 6-month period. Implant volume was constant throughout the study. Three-dimensional computer-generated images of the soft tissue, skeletal, and implant surfaces confirmed the implant stability. All animals were studied histologically with fluorochrome bone markers, which revealed minimal foreign body reaction to the implant, no evidence of infection, and marked fibrovascular ingrowth. We found the PFC/HA to possess properties that make it an ideal implant material: ease of availability, ease of handling, no resorption, minimal immunogenicity, infection resistance, no observed migration, biointegration, and no risk of disease transmission. PFC/HA may make an excellent implant material to manage orbital volume.
Animals↗
Production of lymphoid tissue in the rat brain by implants containing phytohemagglutinin.
Large numbers of plasmacytes and lymphocytic cells develop at the tip of miniature pipettes containing phytohemagglutinin (PHA) implanted into the brain of adult Lewis rats. The accumulation of lymphoid elements is present in tissue exposed to PHA for 1 week, and it persists in animals which were allowed to survive up to 10 weeks. It did not occur around control or non-active implants. Lymphoid cells usually serve as a morphologic index of immune mediated phenomena, but no evidence was seen in the present study to indicate that they produce damage to axons, dendrites or glial cells of the central nervous system despite direct contact with them. Plasma cells in the brain appear to develop from "dark" cells resembling lymphocytes that migrate into the central nervous system from reactive lymphoid tissue near the tip o.f the implant. Nerve, glial and subependymal cells do not respond with mitogenic activity to PHA.
Animals↗
Studies on the feeding of larval Argas persicus Oken.
The development of the lesions caused by Argas persicus larvae while feeding on chickens, their natural hosts, was followed using histological techniques. Penetration of the skin by the mouthparts was accompanied by rapid lysis of the cells of the epidermis and dermis within 100 mum of the mouthparts. A foreign-body reaction developed within 2 mm of the attachment and was characterized by rapid dilation of blood vessels, emigration of leucocytes, particularly heterophil leucocytes (heterophils) into the tissues and oedema. Haemorrhage developed near to the mouthparts and within 2 h of the start of feeding, erythrocytes were seen in the gut caeca of the larvae. Whole blood provides the diet of the larva throughout the entire period of feeding and unlike the situation described with nymphal and adult. A. persicus the blood is lysed immediately after ingestion. By 30 h the extra-vascular heterophils had migrated to the mouthparts around which they formed a loose, superficial, collar. Further emigration of heterophils into the tissues then ceased, although some were present in the blood being ingested. It appears that the heterophils mask the mouthparts so that they are no longer recognised as foreign by the host and thus provide an example of the concept of adaptation tolerance. But the development of lymphocyte and monocyte infiltrations in the dermis close to the mouthparts indicates that the immunological response of the host to salivary secretions is not suppressed. Oedema which develops around the site of attachment further protects the larvae from the host's predations.
Animals↗
The role of connective tissue in inhibiting epithelial downgrowth on titanium-coated percutaneous implants.
Ideally, the surface of epithelium-penetrating implants should impede apical epithelial migration. Previous studies have shown that micromachined grooved surfaces can produce connective-tissue ingrowth, which inhibits epithelial downgrowth on percutaneous implants [Chehroudi et al., J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 24, 9, (1990)]. However, in those studies, connective tissue and epithelium interacted with the same surface so that the effects of the surfaces on each population could not be determined separately. The objectives of this study were (a) to examine cell behavior on implants in which connective tissue contacted surfaces of various topographies and epithelium encountered only a smooth surface, and (b) to compare one-stage and two-stage surgical techniques. Implants had a base component (BC) which was either smooth or had a surface with 19-micron- or 30-micron-deep grooves or 120-micron-deep tapered pits, and a skin-penetrating component (SPC) which was smooth. In the two-stage technique, the BC was implanted subcutaneously for 8 weeks, which permitted the healing of the peri-implant connective tissue. In the second stage the SPC was connected to the BC. For one-stage implants, BC & SPC were connected and implanted percutaneously. Implants (BC & SPC) were removed 1, 2, or 3 weeks after percutaneous implantation and histological sections were measured for recession, connective tissue and epithelial attachment as well as capsule thickness. Light microscopy indicated that both grooved and tapered pitted surfaces encouraged connective tissue ingrowth. On the grooved surfaces, the orientation of fibroblasts changed from an oblique to a more complex pattern which included cells having round nuclei within the grooves, as well as cells oriented oblique or perpendicular to the grooves. In the tapered pits a hammock-like arrangement of fibroblasts was observed. In some cases, foci of mineralization and formation of bonelike tissue were found on the grooved and pitted surfaces. The apical migration of the epithelium was significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited by those micromachined surfaces which produced connective tissue ingrowth to the BC. This study found that placing the implants in two stages improved the performance of percutaneous devices, and that a further improvement was achieved if the implant had a surface promoting connective tissue ingrowth.
Animals↗
Massive extravasation of traumatically ruptured buttock silicone prosthesis.
Although requests for gluteal implants are unusual in the United States, the use of silicone implants for buttock cosmesis has been described. Complications of this procedure have rarely been reported. There are no reports of long-term follow-up in these patients. This report describes the traumatic rupture of a silicone buttock implant nine years after initial surgical placement. Massive silicone extravasation and migration, along with silicone granuloma formation, occurred. The contralateral implant remained intact, functional, and cosmetically acceptable. The surgical approach and repair of this injury is outlined and discussed. We conclude that early surgical treatment of extravasation injuries is needed and that buttock reconstruction with implants can be useful, but close follow-up is needed. We also suggest there is a need to evaluate alternative materials for use in this procedure.
Adult↗
Uses of RTV silicone in orbital reconstruction.
In a five-year follow-up of 42 patients with unsatisfactory cosmetic results after enulceation, room-temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone was used in the surgical correction of enophthalmos and superior sulcus depression. RTV silicone with a catalyst was placed in a dissected pocket subperiosteally along the floor and lateral wall of the orbit to correct the volume deficit. When vulcanizing in situ into soft silicone rubber, the implant conformed to the orbital wall and did not migrate. We determined tissue tolerance to in situ vulcanizing silicone histologically in 30 rats by inserting prevulcanized and in situ vulcanized material in paired subcutaneous pockets. No statistical difference was noted between the two methods. In 11 cases, the same material was used as a convenient stent to maintain the pressure over a graft and to maintain socket size after the reconstruction of a contrated socket, by filling the socket with RTV silicone which surrounded a Kirschner wire drilled through the lateral orbital rim.
Animals↗
Silicone gel infiltration of a peripheral nerve and constrictive neuropathy following rupture of a breast prosthesis.
Following rupture of a subpectoral breast prosthesis, massive amounts of silicone gel migrated into the arm of a patient. The patient developed painful paresthesias and decreased sensation in the cutaneous distribution of the superficial radial nerve. Nerve conduction studies showed both an increase in distal latency and decreased amplitude in this nerve compared with the normal opposite side. Subsequent neurolysis confirmed dense fibrosis surrounding the nerve. Silicone droplets also were observed within the thickened epineurium of the median nerve, but no electrophysiologic evidence of neuropathy occurred. Multiple debridements of the subcutaneous tissue of the arm were necessary. In one of these specimens, histologic sections demonstrated silicone gel infiltration of a subcutaneous nerve. This is the first reported case of silicone gel infiltration of a nerve and constrictive neuropathy associated with a prosthesis rupture.
Female↗