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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Arterial thrombosis associated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast carcinoma: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study.

PURPOSE: Multiagent chemotherapy and chemohormonal therapy for breast cancer are associated with an increased risk for venous thromboembolic complications. We observed instances of arterial thrombosis in two studies of breast cancer involving multiagent chemotherapy for stages II and III disease. Our purpose in this study was to determine the incidence of this complication and whether it appeared to be related to the chemotherapy or was a random event. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Episodes of arterial thrombotic events were identified from record reviews of 1,014 assessable patients with breast cancer entered on two Cancer and Leukemia Group B protocols. Details of the kind of arterial event, when it occurred, the outcome, and the occurrence of metastases were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen (1.3%) patients had an arterial thrombosis: six (5.3%) of 113 patients with stage III disease and seven (0.8%) of 901 patients with stage II disease. Four of these patients had a peripheral arterial thrombosis and nine had strokes (four were fatal). All these events occurred while the patients were receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Only one additional arterial event (a stroke approximately four years later) has occurred in this patient group after chemotherapy was completed. CONCLUSION: Arterial thrombosis is also associated with multiagent chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. The mechanism is unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Sex mediated lipid metabolism in human aortic smooth muscle cells.

When human aortic smooth muscle cells in culture were treated with pharmacological doses of estrogen and testosterone for 48 hrs, the rate of cholesterol synthesis measured both by acetate incorporation and the 3, hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl Co enzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA) activity declined significantly as compared to control. However, the rate of cholesterol esterification increased by 132% and 45% in response to testosterone and estrogen respectively. Also, acetate incorporation into fatty acids and fatty acid synthetase enzyme activity increased by hormonal treatment but remained in the free form especially by estrogen. Testosterone treatment resulted in more esterification (p less than .025) of fatty acid than estrogen treatment. Incubation with hormones for 48 hrs resulted in enhanced uptake of 14C-labeled cholesterol along with increased accumulation of cellular cholesterol. Increased synthesis of phospholipid and triglyceride by estrogen may be responsible for excretion of cellular sterol and fat. These results indicate that sex-hormones have an important effect on the regulation of lipid metabolism in human aortic cells.

Aorta↗
PubMed1975

Impotence in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis: its frequency and etiology.

Fourteen patients with chronic renal failure and on a hemodialysis program underwent neurologic, psychiatric, and endocrine studies to determine the frequency and etiology of impotence in uremics. The data suggest that impotence is more frequent in the chronic dialysis group than in the general population. All seven of the impotent men were found to have prolonged nerve conduct on velocity and absent bulbocavernosus reflexes. Several of the impotent men also had clinical depression and low plasma testosterone levels. Neuropathy may be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of impotence in the uremic, but the importance of both psychiatric and endocrine influences must be strongly considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The effect of orally administered androgens on sperm motility.

The administration of oral androgens increased sperm motility to normal in 30 (52%) of 58 men whose impaired motility was the only defect in their semen quality. Their ejaculate volume, sperm count, and morphology were not benefited. Suppression was infrequently seen and appeared to be transient. Pregnancies were documented in 15 (26%) of the 58 couples studies. However, communication regarding this matter was made with only 39 of the 58 couples. The benefical effect from a single course of androgen is likely to persist. However, if a pregnancy does not ensue, semen analysis should be repeated to determine if additional medication is necessary. Pretreatment serum testosterone determinations were not helpful in determining those men who would most likely benefit from therapy. No appreciable benefit was noted in the semen quality of the 35 subfertile men identically treated who, in addition to poor sperm motility, had other defects in their semen.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Fertility of men with and without a varicocele.

The fertility of 742 men visiting our male infertility clinic was studied. A comparison was made between patients operated on for varicocele and patients treated in other ways. Of the men with a varicocele, 37.8% impregnated their partners; of the men without a varicocele, 21.5%. By subdivision of the total group of patients into those with sperm counts above and those with sperm counts below 20 X 10(6)/ml, it appeared that only men with low sperm counts operated on for varicocele showed a significantly higher fertility, as compared with patients not having a varicocele. It is suggested that patients not having oligozoospermia perhaps have spermatozoal defects other than too low a number as the principal cause of their infertility which do not significantly improve after varicocele operation.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Hormones in the treatment of metastatic renal cancer.

Metastatic renal adenocarcinoma has been highly resistant to most therapeutic approaches. However, hormonal treatment has been reported to induce significant subjective or objective improvement. Two groups of patients receiving either androgens or progestogens were evaluated. The number of responses was disappointing. Furthermore, neither of the 2 regimens appeared to increase the mean surival between detection of metastases and fatal outcome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Peliosis: a morphologic curiosity becomes an iatrogenic problem.

Peliosis is a morphologic entity describing a condition of blood filled spaces, most frequently occurring in the liver. In recent years it has evolved from an anatomic curiosity seen at autopsy to a potential clinical problem in view of its association with the administration of anabolic steroid hormones. The pathogenesis and predilection of peliosis for the liver remain unexplained. This article reports five patients with peliosis, four with splenic involvement, all but one of whom received an anabolic steroid preparation. One patient died as a result of rupture of the splenic peliotic spaces. The diagnosis in three cases was established on the basis of surgical material, i.e., liver biopsy or splenectomy. An increased awareness of peliosis in patients at risk, as well as an appreciation for the histopathologic changes in less advanced cases, may become an important issue for the surgical pathologist.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hepatic angiosarcoma associated with androgenic-anabolic steroids.

A retrospective epidemiological study of deaths from hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) in the U.S. showed that during 1964--74 there were 168 such cases, of which 37 (22%) were associated with previously known causes (vinyl chloride, 'Thorotrast', and inorganic arsenic) and 4 (3.1%) of the remaining 131 cases with the use of androgenic-anabolic steroids. It is suggested that the long-term use of androgenic-anabolic steroids is the fourth cause of HAS, the majority of cases still being of unknown aetiology. Moreover, the presented cases serve as a link in a spectrum of hepatic disorders recently recognised to be caused by environmental agents such as vinyl chloride, arsenic, and thorotrast, and by contraceptive and anabolic steroids. Similar precursor stages, usually not recognised by clinical laboratory tests and consisting of areas of hyperplasia of hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells and sinusoidal dilatation, lead potentially to hepatic adenoma, carcinoma, peliosis, and angiosarcoma.

Androstanes↗
PubMed1993

Sex hormones in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma tissue.

Five cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma were studied in terms of the presence of progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone in the juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma tissue using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Progesterone and estradiol were positive in all cases. Testosterone was positive in 2 of the 5 patients. Dihydrotestosterone was positive in 3 of the 5 patients. Hormone in the juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma tissue seems to change by the activity of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Amenorrhea induced by adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients: prognostic role and clinical implications.

BACKGROUND: The role of amenorrhea induced by chemotherapy in premenopausal women with early breast cancer is very controversial. Analyses by various authors of the effect of drug-induced amenorrhea (DIA) on treatment outcome have yielded conflicting results. In order to gain insight into the role of DIA, we reviewed all published data addressing the issue of DIA as a prognostic factor. METHODS: Computerised and manual searches were conducted of relevant studies published from 1966 to 1995. RESULTS: Thirteen studies involving 3929 patients were selected. In two papers, the prognostic role of DIA was analysed in three and two different groups of patients, respectively. Overall, 16 groups of patients were evaluated. With 12 groups, a higher disease free survival was observed in patients developing DIA compared to those who did not. This difference was statistically significant in eight groups. Data on overall survival, reported in only five studies, indicated that it was always improved in patients who became amenorrheic. CONCLUSIONS: Available data on the role of DIA support its importance as a favorable prognostic factor for early breast cancer patients. However, due to the possible biases of this type of evaluation, this result should be interpreted with caution.

Amenorrhea↗