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New approaches to ambulatory care facilities in the United Kingdom--an investor developer's perspective.

The purpose of this article is to describe the strategic context within which ambulatory care facilities are being developed, to consider a range of models of care facilities available, and, by drawing on the experience of the authors, to comment on some of the investment and development issues arising from two projects in progress--the community hospitals in Richmond, Yorkshire, in rural north England, and Thames Ditton on the borders of outer south London. In the final section, we consider the possible future of ambulatory care development in the light of government policy.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗

Housing reconstruction after two major earthquakes: the 1994 Northridge earthquake in the United States and the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan.

The idea of pre-impact recovery planning has recently been promoted by researchers and practitioners, but very little research has been done to evaluate its effects on disaster recovery. This study compared two jurisdictions--the city of Los Angeles, California and Taichung county in Taiwan--in their recovery from earthquakes. Although the two cases also differ with respect to variables other than the presence of pre-impact recovery plans, the available data suggest that having a pre-impact recovery plan facilitates housing reconstruction and allows local officials to make more effective use of the window of opportunity after disaster to integrate hazard mitigation into the recovery process.

Disaster Planning↗

Our Community Hospital: the evolution of a rural primary care hospital.

In the next few years, Our Community Hospital, located in the small town of Scotland Neck, NC, will undergo a conversion through which it may serve as an appropriate model for similar small hospitals in distressed rural communities. With technical and grant assistance from the Office of Rural Health and Resource Development of the North Carolina Department of Human Resources, the hospital has begun to phase out almost all acute care services and will expand and strengthen its focus on primary care, emergency medical services, and services for elderly persons. This paper addresses four issues of greatest concern to hospital administrators, rural health professionals, academics, and rural residents interested in hospital conversions: (1) community involvement during the planning process; (2) the evolution of the program's structure; (3) financing for the project; and (4) the development of cooperation between state and federal governments, foundations, and private groups. This case study describes one possible course in addressing an acute health care problem facing rural America--the viability of rural hospitals.

Aged↗

The Missouri Elks Mobile Dental Program--dental care for developmentally disabled persons.

This article describes the origins, funding, organization, operation, utilization, and outreach program of a statewide mobile dental program for the disabled in Missouri. The article includes information based on analysis of productivity reports and patient records. Comparisons are made between the utilization by mentally retarded (MR) and other disabled patients (MCCS), their county of residence, and the location where service was provided (rural vs urban). The mean number of dental procedures provided per client was 7.3. More procedures (8.35) were provided to urban clients than rural clients (5.81). The utilization rate of urban MR clients was 63.9 percent, compared to 60 percent for rural MR clients. Other findings show 10.7 percent urban MCCS clients utilized the mobile dental program, versus 13.5 percent of the rural MCCS clients. The budgeted expenditures for providing care to this underserved group were $46,000 less than the estimated value of dental care provided in a private practice setting.

Adolescent↗