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PubMed1992

Contrast media nephrotoxicity: comparison of diatrizoate, ioxaglate, and iohexol after intravenous and renal arterial administration.

In several studies in humans and animals it has been suggested that high osmolality and ionicity of contrast media are responsible for higher nephrotoxicity. To examine this suggestion, we evaluated the renal effects of three different contrast media--an ionic high osmolar, an ionic low osmolar, and a nonionic--following intravenous and renal arterial administration, in a population of 84 unselected, nondiabetic patients with adequate renal function. The results showed that the nephrotoxicity is minimal and equal for all three contrast media and for both routes of their administration, and it is concluded that in this category of patients the far higher cost of the newer low osmolar ionics and nonionics should be considered seriously in regard to nephrotoxicity.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1989

Influence of an ionic and a nonionic (sodium meglumine diatrizoate and iopromide) x-ray contrast medium of hemorrheology.

In two groups of ten patients each, an ionic and a nonionic contrast medium was injected intravenously, for digital subtraction angiography of the supra-aortic branches, to examine the influence of hemorrheologic properties. Afterward, blood samples were obtained through a central venous catheter and evaluated by a new instrument (oscillating capillary rheometer and densitometer). The viscous and elastic components of the complex blood viscosity and the hematocrit decreased after injection of ionic and nonionic contrast media. A statistically significant difference between the patient groups could not be found. The evaluated results describe an improvement of the hemorrheologic properties after contrast media injection.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Intravenous digital subtraction angiography with iohexol (Omnipaque) and sodium meglumin diatrizoate (Urografin).

A randomized, double-blind crossover trial in intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) (aorto-femoral or aorto-cervical) was performed in 38 patients with Omnipaque, 350 mg I/ml versus Urografin, 370 mg I/ml. The aim of the study was to compare subjective reactions, ECG, heart rate, blood pressure, image quality and disturbing artefacts. The median volume of contrast media given per patient was 165 ml, ranging from 85 to 250 ml. No serious complications occurred. Fewer and significantly (p less than 0.05) less intense reactions as sensations of heat and taste were experienced after Omnipaque. Significantly more patients preferred Omnipaque. The heart rate changed significantly more after Urografin than after Omnipaque. Urografin also caused a significantly greater but transient decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was a tendency to better overall quality and less artefacts when using Omnipaque, but the difference between the two media was not statistically significant.

Aged↗