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PubMed2003

Wireless capsule endoscopy.

The Given M2A(R) ingestible, disposable imaging capsule contains a miniature video camera, which, when it is swallowed, can transmit images to a computer. It is used to detect abnormalities in the inner lining of the small intestine. In studies of small numbers of patients, the capsule demonstrates superior diagnostic rates for disorders of the small intestine among adults and children. All studies report fewer complications or less patient discomfort with the use of the capsule. Limiting factors are the time taken by physicians to evaluate the images, the lack of comparative evaluations of the capsule's sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional procedures and the impact of its cost.

Canada↗
PubMed2003

Endoscopically assisted video capsule endoscopy of the small bowel in patients with functional gastric outlet obstruction.

Since the introduction in 2001 of M2A video capsule imaging of the small bowel in humans, this technique has been used increasingly in patients with disorders of the small bowel. In particular the assessment of small obscure gastrointestinal bleeding sources and the detection of shallow inflammatory lesions in the small bowel, have been greatly facilitated by this novel imaging procedure. We report two cases of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, in whom normal passage of the capsule through the antroduodenal junction was inhibited. This was because of delayed gastric emptying in both patients, which was presumably caused by functional impairment of pyloric motility. To facilitate capsule transport into the small bowel, after swallowing the capsule each patient underwent unsedated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during which the capsule was grasped with a polypectomy snare, directly transported through the pylorus, and finally released upon arrival in the second portion of the duodenum. Capsule recordings revealed the source of bleeding in both patients and their medical or surgical treatment was subsequently escalated. Capsule imaging of the small bowel facilitated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is safe, and can be applied when patients have functional disorders of pyloric motility.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗