Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CICATRIX”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Lensectomy-vitrectomy for stage V cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia.

Ten infants (18 eyes) blind from stage V cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia were examined from January 1978 to January 1981 at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. The early perinatal factors which may have predisposed to the binding end-stage cicatrix are identified. To increase their visual potential and to prevent secondary angle closure glaucoma, 12 lensectomy-vitrectomies were performed on 12 eyes (eight infants). One eye (one infant) had a pars plana vitrectomy without lensectomy. Seven eyes (seven infants) were not operated. Five of these eyes (five infants) had stage VRLF while two eyes (two infants) remained stable at stage II RLF. All retinas remained detached immediately after surgery. Secondary vitrectomies with air injections (three eyes, two infants) similarly failed to attach any retinas. Adherence of ciliary epithelium to clear lens and retrolental membrane as visualized within the dilated pupil (Eifrig-Merritt sign) was an intra-operative indicator of imminent surgical failure. Two eyes (two infants) developed early vitreous hemorrhages, hyphemas, secondary glaucoma, and phthisis bulbi within 12 months. Follow-up data were unavailable on two infants. Blindness secondary to cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia is increasing due to increased survival of low birthweight premature infants. Since surgical visual rehabilitation is not possible after the retrolental cicatrix has formed, the risk factors common to this high risk population should prompt preventive therapies.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1976

[Combined treatment of a cicatrised post-intubation complication with surgery and medication summary (author's transl)].

A case of postintubation laryngotracheal injury is described. The paramedian position of the vocal cords was found to be a consequence of cicatrix in the area of the posterior commissure, and by a luxation with ankylosis of the right cricoarytenoid joint. Paresis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was excluded by electromyography. Multiple incisions of the cicatrix failed to correct the problem, whereas subsequent incision followed by intensive therapy with fludrocortisone and hyaluronidase was successful in management. In administering the medication, a new simplifed method for translaryngeal injection is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Management of distal tracheal stenosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment, perioperative management, and outcome of infants who underwent repair of congenital tracheal stenosis. We hypothesized that early resection and tracheoplasty with early weaning of ventilatory support results in less mucosal injury, and thus better outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective study from 1986 to 1996. SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS: Seventeen consecutive infants with congenital tracheal stenosis, aged from birth to 16 months. Fifteen patients had complete tracheal rings, 6 of whom also had a left pulmonary artery sling. Fourteen patients underwent either tracheoplasty or resection and reanastomosis of the trachea, both facilitated by cardiopulmonary bypass. RESULTS: Six patients underwent resection and reanastomosis; 4 patients were extubated within 2 to 5 days without sequelae. There was 1 unrelated perioperative death. Two patients required reintubation. Eight patients required tracheoplasty due to severe tracheal stenosis and had variable postoperative courses. Seven of 14 patients required 0 to 1 postoperative bronchoscopies. Seven of 14 patients required 2 to 7 bronchoscopies for granulation tissue formation, cicatrix, graft collapse, and tracheitis. One patient required numerous procedures and revision tracheoplasty for cicatrix and stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: Correction of short-segment (<5 rings) tracheal stenosis by resection and reanastomosis of the trachea with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass and early weaning of ventilatory support is recommended. Tracheoplasty using either the castellation technique or slide tracheoplasty is recommended in the treatment of infants with severe (long segment) tracheal stenosis.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1984

The distribution of types I, III, IV and V collagens in penetrant lesions of the central nervous system of the rat.

The presence and distribution of types I, III, IV and V collagens within open lesions in the rat cerebrum have been demonstrated by immunofluorescent techniques. In the adult animal, types I and III collagens can be identified in the cicatrix from eight days onwards. Types IV and V collagens occur in the basement membrane of the glia limitans formed between the neuropile and the cicatrix and in the basement membranes of the blood vessels. In neonatal animals, less than eight days old at operation and allowed to recover for eight days, no type I or III collagens occur in the lesion and no types IV and V are present along the edge of the neuropile, because a glia limitans is not formed. In animals operated on when eight days old, the adult response is found in the cortex only, but when 16 days old the full adult response occurs in all parts of the lesion.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Major complications of omphalitis in neonates and infants.

Omphalitis is a common problem in developing countries, and a wide range of complications requiring surgery may occur. We conducted a retrospective review of 19 neonates and infants treated for major complications of omphalitis: 13 boys and 6 girls aged 5-75 days (median 33 days). Five (26%) patients presented with spontaneous evisceration of small bowel through the umbilical cicatrix, resulting in intestinal gangrene in 1. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) occurred in 5 (26%) patients involving mainly the scrotum, and in 2 involving the penis as well. Three (16%) patients had peritonitis, resulting in intra-abdominal abscesses in 2. Three (16%) had superficial abscesses, 2 (11%) had hepatic abscesses resulting in extensive destruction of the left lobe in 1, and 1 (5%) developed an adhesive intestinal obstruction. Although Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly cultured organism, many cultures were sterile due to the use of antibiotics before presentation. Treatments consisted of repair of the umbilical cicatrix for evisceration (and intestinal resection for gangrene), radical debridement for NF, drainage and lavage for peritonitis, drainage of superficial abscesses, and lysis of adhesions. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were also given. No patient developed tetanus. One patient died from peritonitis. There was no death from NF. As serious complications may result from omphalitis in neonates and infants, with high morbidity and possible mortality, early recognition and prompt treatment are necessary for a good outcome.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of peroral transendoscopic contact neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser and snare excision of subepiglottic cysts in horses.

Three basic techniques (and one modified technique) were developed, allowing successful excision of subepiglottic cysts in 10 horses (5 Standardbreds, 4 Thoroughbreds, and 1 Quarter Horse; mean age, 3.5 years) via peroral approach. This approach eliminated the need for laryngotomy or pharyngotomy and reduced postoperative care. None of the cysts redeveloped. Clinical signs of disease before surgery included respiratory noise, exercise intolerance, coughing, and dysphagia and were eliminated in all horses except one that raced successfully, but in which some respiratory noise was detected. Peroral subepiglottic cyst excision was performed on anesthetized horses that were positioned in lateral recumbency and intubated via the nares and trachea. General anesthesia allowed careful intraoral palpation and endoscopic visualization of the oropharynx on a television monitor. Custom-designed instruments, including a guide tube, cyst snare, and long grasping forceps, facilitated either laser or snare, or laser and snare cyst excision. Hemorrhage was negligible in all horses. Initial attempts to develop a technique to submucosally excise subepiglottic cysts through a transnasal transendoscopic approach in conscious horses, using a contact neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser, were unsuccessful. In each of 3 horses, the cyst was inadvertently penetrated before it could be excised, causing it to collapse and disappear beneath the soft palate. Postoperative complications were excessive subepiglottic swelling after laser excision (n = 1 horse), which resolved completely in response to anti-inflammatory treatment, and subepiglottic cicatrix formation after snare excision (n = 1 horse), which required surgical excision of the cicatrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Causes of ineffectiveness of BCG vaccination and its impact on childhood tuberculosis].

In the last few years BCG vaccination has covered 97% of the newborns, but in 45% of them this vaccination proves to be low effective since no more than 2- or 3-mm long postvaccination cicatrix disappears by the 2-nd or 3-d year of their lives. The reasons of a low efficacy of BCG vaccination include inadequate BCG vaccination techniques, incomplete administration of the inoculation dose, etc. Cases of M. tuberculosis infection in children ineffectively vaccinated with BCG are 3 times more than among those effectively vaccinated and having postvaccination cicatrix.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1990

Static or dynamic repair of chronic lateral ankle instability. A prospective randomized study.

In a prospective study, 82 patients with 89 chronic lateral unstable ankles were randomly allocated to either static (Group S) or dynamic (Group D) reconstruction. For static reconstruction a procedure involving the distal part of the peroneus brevis tendon was used. The bore holes in the lateral malleolus were placed at the insertions of the original ligaments. For dynamic reconstruction the anterior one-half of the peroneus brevis tendon was used. On muscular contraction the split tendon will slide through a bore canal in the lateral malleolus. Theoretically, both procedures can stabilize the ankle and subtalar joint. Fifty-six patients were assigned to static reconstruction and, because of thin tendons, only 26 were assigned to dynamic reconstruction. Thirty-three cases had increased subtalar mobility. All patients had standardized clinical and roentgenographic examinations preoperatively and at nine and 25 months postoperatively. At the 25-month follow-up examinations the clinical results were best in Group S. The number of reinjuries was highest in Group D, and two patients had given up sports. The inversion movement was most restricted in Group S but without functional importance. A significant reduction of talar tilting and anterorotational talar displacement was seen in both groups but was most pronounced in Group S. Also, postural balance improved in both groups. Complications in Group S were venous thrombosis in two patients, dysesthesia in the cicatrix in two, hyposensibility of the lateral foot edge in one, and calcification at one bore hole in one patient. Complications in Group D were hyposensibility and dysesthesia in the cicatrix in one patient. The static procedure is recommended for reconstruction of chronically unstable ankles, especially if associated with increased subtalar mobility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Dynamic changes in the healing of liver wounds while using the new hemostatic preparation kaprofer].

The liver wound healing dynamics under the influence of a new hemostatic preparation kaprofer was studied in experiment on 61 rabbit. During the histological investigation it was determined that while putting on the preparation on the wound the fibrinous clot of light brown colour is generated immediately; on the second day the wound surface has a light brown colour, fibrin patch at the centre; on the fourth day she has a whitish colour due to the cicatrix formation; on the eighth day the cicatrix is formed, and abundantly vascularized cicatricial and fibrillar tissue zones.

Aminocaproic Acid↗
PubMed1993

[A growing skull fracture: a case report].

A case of growing skull fracture was reported with some considerations on the literature. At the age of 1 year, the patient fell down stairs and struck the right occipital region, but did not receive any treatment at that time. At the age of 19 years, he suffered from several epileptic attacks and was admitted to our ward. Plain craniograms showed a right occipital bone defect measuring 7 x 3 cm in size. CT scan demonstrated a cystic lesion just beneath a membranous substance existing at the bone defect. MRI revealed cystic encephalomalacia underlying the cyst very clearly. At the operation the bone defect was found to be replaced by the granulation tissue which was examined microscopically. Under the granulation tissue, a cyst filled with yellowish fluid and surrounding gliotic brain was found. The dural tear was noticed to be much wider than the bone defect. A dural plasty with LYODURA and a cranioplasty with methacrylic resin were performed. Microscopic examination revealed the granulation tissue to be a fibroglial cicatrix. According to these findings, we concluded that the contused and swollen brain tissue which had herniated through the dural tear had enlarged the skull fracture and formed a fibroglial cicatrix with subcutaneous tissue. It is emphasized that MRI combined with CT scan is an indispensable procedure for diagnosis of growing skull fracture, and microscopic examination contributes to an understanding of its pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Morphological study of CD3+ dendritic epidermal T cells in human skin and scar].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the CD3/TCR-bearing T cell in the epidermis and explore the influence of the dendritic epidermal T cells on regeneration and differentiation of epidermal cells. METHODS: The CD3/TCR-bearing T cells in epidermis of human skin and cicatrix were examined by means of histomorphology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: It was found that the density of CD3/TCR-bearing T cells in human skin and scar tissue had great dissimilarity. CD3+ dendritic epidermal T cells increased in hyperplastic scar. Such result was not observed in atrophic scar. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate CD3+ dendritic epidermal T cells regulate the generation and differentiation of epidermal cells. CD3+ dendritic epidermal T cells may play an important role in the maintenance of the morphology of epidermal tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Three morphologically distinct types of interface develop between adult host and fetal brain transplants: implications for scar formation in the adult central nervous system.

The development of the host/graft interface of cerebellar and cerebral transplants was studied 1-60 days after operation. Grafts from fetal Wistar rats were transplanted to a cavity over the superior colliculus of adult rats by removing parts of the overlying cortex and hippocampus according to the Björklund/Stenevi technique. In sham-operated control rats, in which a cavity was made in the brain but no graft was implanted, the parenchyma bordering the entire cavity developed a complete glial-meningeal scar within 2 weeks after operation consisting of multilayered glial processes, a basal lamina, and fibroblasts (meningeal cells). A similar interface also developed between graft and host in the most superficial parts of the transplantation cavity. In the basal parts of the transplantation cavity, the host/graft interface consisted either of an incomplete sheet of astrocyte processes aligned in parallel to each other but without a covering basal lamina or of completely fused neuropil without any morphological signs of separation between host and transplant. It is concluded that these three zones of host/graft interface are established by differential interaction between the growing transplant and the host cicatrix. At the basal host/graft parenchymatous interface the fetal transplant interferes with the normal adult cicatrization process of the host, possibly by either releasing inhibitory factors or by preventing contact between the astroglia of the host and fibroblasts (meningeal cells). In white matter regions of the transplantation cavity, voluminous cysts developed, both in sham-operated controls and in graft recipients, which were invaded by transplanted neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Principles of preventing esophageal cancer in corrosive strictures].

In the treatment of corrosive strictures of the esophagus the subsequent development of carcinoma in the cicatrixed esophagus should be taken into consideration. Prophylactic measures should be undertaken. In case of severe persistent stenosis surgery is the most adequate management.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1976

Scar contracture after neck dissection. Causes, prevention, and treatment.

Every effort should be made to employ neck incisions that allow for the accomplishment of surgical extirpative goals and at the same time provide maximal functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. Incisions parallel to the normal skin tension lines best fulfill these criteria. When vertical incisions are used, they should be anteriorly directed so as to cross the skin crease lines at an acute angle rather than a perpendicular angle. Such incisions perpendicular to the normal skin crease lines usually result in the greatest degree of scar contracture. Significant improvement in both major and minor scar contractures can be achieved with conventional Z-plasty technics to redistribute the skin tension. A wide resection of the subcutaneous cicatrix in such cases is imperative for a successful result.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of speech intelligibility after a secondary dehiscence operation using an artificial graft in patients with speech disorders after partial glossectomy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate speech intelligibility after a dehiscence operation using artificial grafts for patients with speech disorders after partial glossectomy that were caused by scars resulting from the primary operation. The subjects were six men and three women, who had had a partial glossectomy for tongue cancer followed by direct closure without reconstruction. They were operated on a second time operation to mobilise the residual tongue by dividing the cicatrix. An artificial graft was applied to the wound to maintain the dehiscence. Speech intelligibility was evaluated by a standardised Japanese speech intelligibility test before, and 6 and 12 months after the second operation. The intelligibility scores significantly improved during the first 6 months after the second operation, and continued to improve slightly during the following 6 months. This study suggests that the dehiscence operation using an artificial graft could improve speech in patients after partial glossectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Effect of early pregnancy on a previous lower segment cesarean section scar.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the manifestation, diagnosis, and early management of early pregnancy on a previous cesarean section scar. METHOD: Fifteen cases of early pregnancies implanted on previous cesarean section scars were diagnosed and treated in two obstetrical centers. RESULTS: The 15 patients had light, painless vaginal bleeding and their serum beta-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG) was elevated. The interval between cesarean section and admission ranged from 6 months to 12 years (7.1+/-3.6 years). Doppler and real-time ultrasonic examinations demonstrated an enlargement of the previous cesarean section scar in the lower segment, a gestational sac or a mixed mass attached to the cicatrix, and a very thin myometrium between the gestational sac and the bladder wall. Serum beta-HCG dropped to normal in 12 of the 15 patients following treatment with crystalline trichosanthin injected into the cervix followed by oral mifepristone, intramuscular injections of methotrexate, or other appropriate treatment. Two patients underwent total hysterectomy due to massive vaginal bleeding. The remaining patient was misdiagnosed with choriocarcinoma and also had total hysterectomy. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy on a previous lower segment cesarean section scar is rare but very dangerous. Early diagnosis and effective conservative drug treatment may be instrumental in decreasing the occurrence of uterine rupture.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Contemporary surgery of tracheomalacia.

During the past 7 years, 41 infants were treated for tracheomalacia. The etiology was primary/congenital in 28 patients and secondary/acquired in 16 patients, of which three patients were originally in the primary group. The primary group consisted of patients with pulsatile tracheomalacia but normal vascular anatomy, idiopathic disease, or tracheomalacia associated with tracheoesophageal fistula. The secondary group consisted of patients with tracheal compression due to great vessel abnormalities, or tracheostomy-tracheomalacia. Diagnosis was made by bronchoscopic demonstration of major (greater than 40%) collapse of the trachea. Treatment consisted of conservative therapy, tracheostomy, aortopexy, or tracheal reconstruction. The 15 patients with mild primary tracheomalacia treated conservatively had gradual resolution of symptoms by the age 2 years. All five patients with primary tracheomalacia treated by tracheostomy developed secondary tracheomalacia and/or cicatrix at the tracheostomy site. In the 9 patients with primary tracheomalacia treated by aortopexy, 5 are symptom free, 1 is improved, 1 had recurrent apnea, and 2 died, 1 from unrelated complications. Of the 10 patients in the acquired group treated by aortopexy, 6 were cured, 2 were improved, and 2 failed. Of 6 patients with tracheostomy-tracheomalacia, 3 were eventually extubated, 1 had major reconstruction, and 2 had tracheostomies when lost to follow-up at 1 and 5 years. Our conclusions are that, when feasible, conservative therapy in milder cases is preferred, and no perfect operation currently exists for severe tracheomalacia although aortopexy may have less long-term morbidity than tracheostomy.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1977

The abductor digiti minimi muscle flap.

The problems of extensive scarring involving the median and ulnar nerves at the wrist are discussed. Possible methods of separating the dermal cicatrix from the nerves are skin flaps or muscle flaps. A case is presented in which an abductor digiti minimi muscle flap was used. The reasons for this choice are discussed and the technique described.

Aged↗