Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CALCANEUS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Intra-articular fracture of the calcaneus. Classification, assessment and surgical procedures].

Our experience with open reduction of calcaneus fractures and internal stabilization without joint transfixation (n = 83) has shown us that the following features are mandatory in order to obtain normal postoperative foot statics and dynamics, normal joint mobility, and normal foot function: (1) restoration of the normal height, length and width of the calcaneus; (2) reduction of all joint surfaces and (3) stable screw- or H-plate osteosynthesis, allowing functional treatment later. Our own fracture classification (X-fragment/Y-joint fracture) allowed us to determine the type of fracture, its severity, and the prognosis, as well as the choice of operative treatment. A detailed +/- 200-point follow-up scoring system assured operative quality control and comparability of results. The complications were: 9 cases of superficial wound-edge necrosis (8%), 2 hematomas requiring revision, and 1 deep bone infection (1.2%). During our first operative period (1983-1985, mostly unilateral medial approach and trans-articular K-wire fixation), we had only 50% good-to-excellent results. During the second period (1986-1988, bilateral, extended lateral approach and stable screw/H-plate osteosynthesis), 76.5% (29 of 51 patients) had good-to-excellent results. Our experience thus indicates that our operative treatment principles can be recommended for patients who are either professionally active or active in sports.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1989

Calcaneal osteotomy and tendon sling for the management of calcaneus deformity.

A one-stage operation for severe post-poliomyelitic calcaneus deformity was done in seventy-seven feet of seventy-seven patients. The operation consisted of osteotomizing the calcaneus to increase the lever arm and to reshape the hind part of the foot and using a posterior sling formed from the peroneus brevis and tibialis posterior to provide plantar-flexion power. We were able to evaluate sixty-six patients more than three years after the operation. Most of the patients had improvement in the appearance and function of the foot as a result of the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Bone mineral content in the calcaneus after ankle fracture.

The bone mineral content across the calcaneus was measured by gamma absorptiometry in 82 patients with operated on ankle fractures. A mean deviation in bone mineral content between the injured and the uninjured leg of 6 percent was found. Early weight bearing in a walking cast or brace did not influence the process of postfractural osteopenia. Compared with the patients with isolated lateral malleolar fractures, the patients with bimalleolar and trimalleolar fractures were older and had a lower bone mineral content in the calcaneus of their uninjured leg. The percentage of deviation in bone mineral content between the injured and uninjured leg was also greater in patients with more severe fractures.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Irreducible fracture of the calcaneus in a child.

Displaced fractures of the calcaneus are rare in children, and most do not require open reduction as a treatment modality. The case of a 4-year 8-month-old boy who sustained a fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus requiring open reduction is presented; no similar fracture in childhood has been previously reported. Treatment guidelines for calcaneal fractures in children are reviewed.

Bone Wires↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Steroid injection of a unicameral bone cyst of the calcaneus: literature review and two case reports.

Two interesting cases are presented, describing the diagnosis and treatment of unicameral bone cysts of the calcaneus. The first case report presents a patient who had a 5-month history of a painful right heel. The pain had been getting progressively worse and was aggravated by prolonged walking and physical activity. The second case report presents a patient whose unicameral bone cyst was discovered as a relatively incidental finding on radiographs; however, the patient later admitted that he had mild tenderness upon the plantar-lateral aspect of his right calcaneus with weightbearing. The authors reviewed the literature concerning the etiology and treatment of unicameral bone cysts. Attention is directed to the use of injectable steroid as an alternative means to open surgical intervention. Certain potential problems exist, in spite of the various surgical approaches utilized, including infection, postoperative fracture, recurrence, immobilization, and prolonged hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The plantar ecchymosis sign in fractures of the calcaneus.

The appearance of a central plantar ecchymosis is not an uncommon occurrence 24-48 hours after a compression fracture of the calcaneus. In order to understand the development of this characteristic ecchymosis, the authors studied the anatomy of the fascial compartments in five adult cadaveric feet. The anatomic basis for the plantar ecchymosis sign is demonstrated through dissection of the three osteofascial compartments within the sole of the foot. Dye injected into the central compartment overlying the calcaneal tuberosity reproduces the observed clinical sign. The specificity of this sign for compression fractures of the calcaneus makes it a useful clinical observation in cases where the diagnosis of fracture is uncertain.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1986

Fracture dislocation of the calcaneus. A report of two cases.

In two typical cases of calcaneal fracture dislocation, the primary fracture, which runs forward and medially from a point behind the sustentaculum tali, is associated with inversion of the hindfoot. The calcaneus splits into a small anteromedial and a larger posterolateral fragment. Rupture of the lateral collateral ligament allows the posterolateral calcaneal fragment to move laterally to lie immediately subjacent to the distal fibula. Closed reduction is impossible. Open reduction of this rare fracture dislocation is essential. A lateral approach to the calcaneus is generally sufficient, but a second medial incision may be required.

Aged↗
PubMed1968

Fractures of the calcaneus. Diagnosis and treatment.

Good lateral, Anthonsen oblique, anterior-posterior, and axial roentgenograms are necessary to define the extent of fractures of the calcaneus. Roentgenograms of the lumbar spine, including the thoracolumbar junction, are recommended whenever a fall has occurred sufficient to fracture the calcaneus. The great majority of calcaneal fractures are compression shearing fractures. Significant disruption of articular surfaces and spreading of the body beneath the fibula are major surgical problems and require careful treatment. In a series of 50 fractures treated by four methods, open reduction with stabilization by bone grafts, followed by active motion at six to eight weeks, gave the best results.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1977

Stress fractures of the calcaneus in women marine recruits.

Stress fractures of the calcaneus constitute about 25% of all stress fractures seen during Marine recruit training, and are often bilateral. The incidence can be correlated with individual physical condition at the onset of training. There was no correlation with age, height, weight, or foot architecture. In 114 women Marine recruits the incidence was 10.5%. The principal factors involved in the occurrence of this fractur are: the types and mechanism of application of forces to the calcaneus, the musculo-skeletal architecture of the foot and ankle, and the initial physiologic condition of the individual.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Repositioning and retention problems of calcaneus fractures].

A new procedure is elaborated by the authors: the treatment of impression-fractures of the calcaneus. Exact repositioning is considered to be important. For this purpose, an apparatus for repositioning was constructed. The authors discuss the manoeuvres for exact repositioning. The repositioned fracture can be fixed well by two divergent ASIF cancellous bone screws to be inserted percutaneously after predrilling from the tuber calcanei. The stability of the osteosynthesis makes external fixation with plaster superfluous. This statement is based on the good results of 63 calcaneus fractures treated in this manner.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1984

[Current status of the treatment of calcaneus fractures in adults].

Today, contradictory concepts and various methods of treatment are discussed. The interpretation of a questionnaire recording 2600 calcaneus fractures collected from 51 Traumatological Depts of the GDR permits the conclusion that conservative therapy predominates. Attention is drawn to the method of functional treatment. Good results were observed with it in all types of fractures of the calcaneus.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Indications for conservative and surgical treatment of fractures of the calcaneus].

In the course of the last 25 years 468 fractures of the calcaneus were seen at the Surgical Dept. of Olomouc-University. In cases of extraarticular and non-dislocated intraarticular types satisfactory results can be obtained by conservative treatment. The criterion for surgical therapy is not only a reduction of Böhler's angle, but especially dislocation of the posterior articular surface of the calcaneus.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1983

[Subarticular spongiosa and its relation to the remaining internal structure of the calcaneus in the human].

The subarticular cancellous bone of the human calcaneus has been investigated in sixty nine cases of known age and sex. In addition eleven calcanei without corresponding informations were used. The three forms of cancellous bone and their threedimensional junctions were analysed by means of the dental burr. It is shown an age bound transformation of the roundmeshed cancellous bone into tubular structures and finally into bone plates or an trabecular network. A tubular construction is presumed as intermediate stage changing by osteolysis into bone plates or trabecular meshwork. The conception of the trajectorial structure presented by Gierse (1976) is more differentiated and enlarged. Considering the calcaneus the normal osteoporosis of old age can be understood to be an age controlled exactly adjusting process. The findings of wide spaced an enlarged cancellous bone elements in a few elder individuals is thought to be a secondary adaptation after preceding normal reduction. Histologic and biometric investigations of this subject will be following.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Contact characteristics of the subtalar joint after a simulated calcaneus fracture.

A simple calcaneus fracture consisting of two parts was modeled in nine fresh cadaver hindfoot specimens to assess changes in subtalar joint contact characteristics with increasing plantar depression of the posterolateral fracture component. To perform the experiment, rods were placed in the tibial and fibular shafts of each specimen, which was mounted in a frame in neutral stance. A pneumatic cylinder was used to deliver a vertical compressive load through the rods into the foot while permitting free motion of the foot in the horizontal plane. Sealed packets of pressure-sensitive film were inserted into the anterior-middle and posterior facets of the talocalcaneal articulation, and a 700-N load was applied. After testing of the intact foot, a primary fracture line was created using a microoscillating saw. The osteotomized posterolateral component was anatomically reduced and fixed, the film inserted, and the load reapplied. The test was repeated after the posterolateral fragment was displaced 2, 5, and 10 mm in a plantar direction. The resulting pressure prints were scanned along with pressure/color density calibration strips using a flat-bed scanner, and an image analysis system was used to determine contact areas within specified pressure intervals. The contact area (> 0.5 MPa) of the posterior facet was significantly decreased with 2, 5, and 10 mm displacements of the posterolateral calcaneus fracture component. The ratio of high-pressure area (< 5.0 MPa) to contact area in the posterior facet was significantly increased only with displacements of 5 and 10 mm. There were no significant changes in any contact parameters in the anterior-middle facet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1995

Primary subtalar arthrodesis for the treatment of comminuted fractures of the calcaneus.

Comminuted fractures of the calcaneus are extremely difficult to manage, and the prognosis after this type of injury is particularly poor. The author has approached this problem with precise and anatomic restoration of the height and width of the calcaneus with open reduction and internal fixation followed by primary subtalar arthrodesis. The surgical technique of primary arthrodesis is complex and is described in detail. The rate of arthrodesis and return of function is surprisingly good given the magnitude of comminution present and has given us renewed hope that these injuries should not be abandoned to later salvage attempts at reconstruction.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1994

Surgical treatment of the intra-articular calcaneus fracture.

The acute displaced intra-articular calcaneus fracture should be approached on a rational basis. Minimally displaced fractures are best treated with early motion and delayed bearing of weight. Reconstructible, displaced fractures are probably best treated with exact open reduction and internal fixation, assuming contraindications such as poor skin condition or underlying disease are not present. The severely displaced, Sanders-type IV fractures remain a dilemma, and these may demonstrate a role for primary fusion in select instances. If one chooses to treat a calcaneus fracture surgically, it should be recognized that the result will be related to the exactness of the reduction. This surgery is very challenging, with an arduous learning curve. Importantly, if one cannot obtain an anatomic reduction, the patient may have been better off treated nonoperatively.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed1977

Solitary bone cyst of the calcaneus.

Ten cases of solitary bone cyst are presented. Nine of the lesions were asymptomatic and were discovered incidentally. Two patients were operated upon while eight were followed for 1 to 14 years. In spite of severe foot injuries that three patients have sustained, no fracture of the calcaneus occurred. We also showed experimentally that the strength of the calcaneus is not significantly reduced by the presence of the cyst. Therefore operative intervention in this lesion is not recommended. Acknowledgements: We wish to thank Dr. M. Carakostas, Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon at Asclepeion Hospital, Athens, for allowing us to present Case 6 and Mr. St. Paipetis, Professor of the Polytechnic School of Athens, for his adivce during the experimental work.

Adult↗