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PubMed1962

Concurrent morphological and chemical events in Staphylococcus aureus exposed to penicillin.

Disruption and lysis as well as accumulation of cell-wall precursor material have been demonstrated in several strains of Gram-positive cocci as results of the action of penicillin. The concurrence of these phenomena in typically penicillin-sensitive bacteria lends further support to the hypothesis that penicillin exerts its antibiotic action through interference with the formation of cell walls.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1965

STAPHYLOLYTIC SUBSTANCE FROM A SPECIES OF PSEUDOMONAS.

A substance that rapidly lyses living cells of Staphylococcus aureus, S. roseus, Gaffkya tetragena, and Sarcina lutea has been partially purified. The substance is produced extracellularly by a species of Pseudomonas which was isolated from soil by an enrichment procedure.

Bacteriolysis↗
PubMed1965

COMPARATIVE IN VITRO ACTIVITIES OF LYSOSTAPHIN AND OTHER ANTISTAPHYLOCOCCAL ANTIBIOTICS ON CLINICAL ISOLATES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.

The in vitro activity of lysostaphin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus was determined by conventional tube-dilution methods. For comparison, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were also determined for penicillin G, ampicillin, methicillin, ristocetin, vancomycin, and erythromycin. Phage type and penicillinase and coagulase production were determined for each isolate. The MIC values for lysostaphin ranged from <0.047 to 12.5 mug/ml; 96% of the penicillinase-positive strains were inhibited by 1.56 mug/ml of lysostaphin, whereas 3.12 mug/ml of vancomycin and methicillin were required to attain the same degree of inhibition.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1965

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW ANTIBIOTIC, ABBOTT 29119, FROM STREPTOMYCES ERYTHREUS.

A new antibiotic was isolated from fermentations of Streptomyces erythreus designed for erythromycin A production. Isolation of this compound was accomplished by use of ion-exchange chromatography and countercurrent distribution. It crystallized from methyl isobutyl ketone in colorless acicular plates which melted at 127 to 130 C. The empirical formula was C(42)H(75)NO(14) with a molecular weight of 820. Electrometric titration in 66% dimethylformamide showed an apparent pKa of 8.4. Nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and ultraviolet absorption indicated a close resemblance of the compound to known erythromycins, although its chromatographic behavior and solubility differed from those of the known erythromycins. Its antimicrobial spectrum was similar to erythromycin A, but the minimal inhibitory concentrations were much higher.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗