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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A computer-based test system for implementing pure-tone audiometry, acoustic immittance and tympanic membrane displacement measurements.

Valuable information on functional features of the auditory system may be gained by measuring the fine structure and time course of the acoustic stapedial reflex. This type of measurement invariable needs a computer for averaging the reflex response and the analysis of its salient features. This paper describes a 'Computerised Audiometric System' (CAS) which allows an integrated approach to certain audiometric tests, including pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry. In particular, 'tympanic membrane displacement' and acoustic immittance measurements have been combined to allow a comprehensive study of the reflex characteristics to be made. The purpose of this paper is twofold; first to describe the CAS in respect of reflex measurements; secondly, to describe the design of a practical computerised audiometric system which may be used for a wide variety of clinical testing and research. Features of special mention are the modular design strategy used, which makes the system an extremely versatile research tool as well as a potentially valuable addition to the audiology clinic, and menu-driven software written in FORTH, which allows complex test paradigms to be learnt and reliably implemented with a minimum of training. The prototype facility has been used extensively for research over the past 18 months, and a second is now installed in the Wessex Regional Audiology Centre. Both facilities will be linked to a patient data bank now under development.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1986

A micro-computer based trainer for pure-tone audiometry.

A micro-computer based system to simulate patient performance on pure-tone audiometry has been developed, which in conjunction with a dummy audiometer allows easy development of a student training facility. The system can be easily configured to realistically and comprehensively represent a wide range of hearing losses. Students can then acquire the necessary technical skills to produce accurate pure-tone threshold determinations free from the restraints of a clinical setting.

Audiometry↗
PubMed2005

The instructional effectiveness of a web-based audiometry simulator.

With distance learning becoming more of a reality than a novelty in many undergraduate and graduate training programs, web-based clinical simulations can be identified as an instructional option in distance education that has both a sound pedagogical foundation and clinical relevance. The purpose of this article is to report on the instructional effectiveness of a web-based pure-tone audiometry simulator by undergraduate and graduate students in speech-language pathology. Graduate and undergraduate majors in communication sciences and disorders practiced giving basic hearing tests on either a virtual web-based audiometer or a portable audiometer. Competencies in basic testing skills were evaluated for each group. Results of our analyses of the data indicate that both undergraduate and graduate students learned basic audiometric testing skills using the virtual audiometer. These skills were generalized to basic audiometric testing skills required of a speech language pathologist using a portable audiometer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Dychotomic tests in Polish for speech audiometry part 1: preparing material for the tests].

INTRODUCTION: Dychotomic tests in speech audiometry are extremely beneficial, especially in diagnosing central auditory processing disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Basing on new articulatory lists (NLA-93), the authors have prepared a new set of language tests, including filtered speech test, numeral and verbal dichotic tests and Calearo test. CONCLUSIONS: The phonetic characteristics of the tests are presented, with special attention paid to their phonetic balance.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1991

[On infantile audiometry: the Bordeaux strategy].

Infantile "subjective" or behavioural audiometry requires highly skilled pediatric audiologists. It is indeed often said in the majority of centres that any subjective examination is impossible under the age of 3, whereas in our clinic we successfully complete extremely precise tests, including in bone conduction, as from the age of 6 months. The strategy and techniques employed to obtain audiometric curves with headphones as from such an age are described. Subsequently, the statistical studies covering over 600 cases are presented, evidencing the earliness, accuracy and reliability of the curves obtained over nearly 15 years in Bordeaux by the method described.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of presbycusis: evaluated by pure tone audiometry].

In order to explore the incidence and course of presbycusis, 82 elderly and aged as well as 16 young persons were studied by Bekesy audiometry, including tone stimuli of different durations, SISI, and tone decay tests. Results showed that the hearing threshold has elevated in all the old persons. Positive correlations were found between age and hearing problems. Based on analyses of the DLI, temporal integration and tone decay tests, characteristics of the cochlear lesion had been suggested and some might exhibit retrocochlear dysfunctions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

[Evoked response audiometry in pediatric audiology].

Since we know that maturation of the hearing system occurs within the first few weeks after birth, audiologic testing should be performed as soon as possible whenever there is the slightest suspicion of a hearing disorder. The only reliable test method in this early period of life is the electric response audiometry. To use the advantages of this objective test method, several criteria must be observed. The most important of these are: 1. good sedation, 2. sufficient test routine comprising not only clicks but also 500 Hz pulses and bone-conducted stimuli, and 3. sufficient experience in the interpretation of the various recorded response patterns. Comparing subjective and objective results in 533 children, the ERA proves to be the more reliable and effective method giving extensive information on the hearing threshold and the dynamic response of audition and allowing an exact control and correction of the hearing aid adjustment.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Crib-O-Gram in the NICU: an evaluation based on brain stem electric response audiometry.

This study evaluated the Crib-O-Gram as a screening test for hearing loss in NICU infants using Brain Stem Electric Response Audiometry (BERA) as the standard. Two Crib-O-Gram tests were administered to 280 babies within 48 hours of BERA testing. An additional 26 babies received BERA and one Crib-O-Gram test. Correlation coefficients for the two Crib-O-Gram scalar scores were calculated separately for a group of preterm (31 to 37 weeks) and a group of full term and older (38 to 54 weeks) infants, with values of 0.36 and 0.52, respectively. This indicates that the Crib-O-Gram has poor reliability for a screening test, particularly for preterm babies. Approximately one-third of babies with normal BERA thresholds failed Crib-O-Gram screening. The identification of hearing loss by Crib-O-Gram increased with the severity of the loss. Crib-O-Gram was able to identify moderately severe hearing losses in full term and older babies.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

Auditory Brainstem Response audiometry. Applications in central disorders.

ABR is the most sensitive and specific test in the audiology battery for detecting disorders that affect the brainstem. When combined with central speech audiometry, ABR can detect most intra- and extra-axial tumors, demyelinating lesions, and polyneuropathies that affect brainstem auditory structures. Alone, it is a promising tool for monitoring neural maturation, tumor growth, coma, and neurologic or vascular therapies. The test can be severely compromised by peripheral hearing loss and knowledge of the audiogram is a prerequisite for any central testing application of ABR. Six cases of intra- or extra-axial brainstem pathology are described here. ABR results were abnormal in all but one case, based on response latency measurements. In two cases, ABR was the only audiologic test that detected the abnormality. In general, ABR was sensitive to and conventional tests were insensitive to central lesions involving the eighth nerve. ABR abnormalities were not in themselves sufficient to define the precise site of the lesion, nor could they determine the kind of lesion present. However, they were indicative of the level and extent of direct involvement by the disease process or of the pressure and distortion effects of the lesion on the brainstem. In one case where ABR failed to detect the lesion, central speech testing was abnormal. The potential usefulness of ABR to monitor brainstem status is emphasized. A case is described where ABR provided valuable information on the effects of an experimental embolic therapy for AVM. Special precautions are described for monitoring ABR in neonates. ABR is an important screening test for the detection of brainstem disorders, especially those that cannot be detected radiographically. Its greatest use, however, may prove to be as inexpensive and noninvasive monitor of brainstem status in patients with confirmed or suspected brainstem disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Behaviour of the fast brain stem response P6 under noise influence, an "objective noise audiometry" (author's transl)].

The fast brain stem response can be recorded even at the threshold; it informs on hearing in the high frequency range of greater than or equal to 2000 cps. Especially in those frequencies often the differentiation between sensorial and neural hearing impairment is of interest--f. e. controlling the pure tone threshold in noise: at sensorial hearing loss tones remain heard within noise of equal loudness unaltered, at neural hearing loss the tone vanishes in noise, e. g. the tone-intensity must be increased to make the tone arise again. This phenomenon known from subjective audiometry mentally can be transferred to the recording of acoustic evoked potentials and can be proved by the behaviour of latency of P6: at sensorial hearing loss the latency is prolonged (corresponding to minus 20 dB) but the response furthermore is recorded in the noise as well as at the click masked threshold; at neural hearing loss, however, the response can be recorded again with a click-intensity, which exceeds that of the noise clearly.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1984

Brief clinical report on visual reinforcement audiometry with deaf infants.

Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is a commonly used and efficient procedure for measuring hearing thresholds on infants and young children. The reliability of VRA with normal infants is well established. However, there are few reports, if any, in the literature on the use of VRA with deaf infants under one year of age. This report presents two cases of deaf 11 month old infants, showing test-retest audiograms obtained using VRA. The median retest threshold change was 10 dB. This suggests that VRA is a clinically viable technique, even with deaf infants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

High-frequency Bekesy audiometry: IV. Normative aspects for normal-hearing young adult.

Normal-hearing young adults Ss (10 M, 20 F) produced Bekesy threshold tracings on a modified Grason - Stadler E-800 audiometer for pure tone in 2-kc/s increments from 7-19 kc/s, using as transducer an air-coupled 1/2-inch condenser microphone. Mean threshold functions and variances, the proportion of Ss responding at each frequency, and the role of sex-related differences were analyzed and discussed. Although the same was too small to yield reference equivalent threshold SPLs for high-frequency audiometry using the present apparatus and procedures, the data are useful for a future full-scale normative study.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A neonatal hearing screening research program using brainstem electric response audiometry.

Results of brainstem electric response audiometry (BERA) for intensive care nursery graduates and babies from the general nursery are described. At-risk babies received both screening and more detailed BERA before hospital discharge. The latter test was repeated after four months. From 2,597 risk assessments, 421 were at risk and 379 have been tested. The specificity of 40 dB click screening is good, but its sensitivity is only moderate. Follow-up BERA detected 25 cases of hearing loss, 12 having moderate loss in at least one ear. Discrepancies between predischarge and follow-up tests occurred, especially for mild losses. There was substantial resolution of hearing loss, but also some emergent mild loss. These changes support BERA at about four months as the determinant of habilitation, as opposed to predischarge testing. Differences between click and frequency-specific BERA were found, suggesting that click evaluations alone are insufficient.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1980

[Békésy audiometry at suprathreshold level in sensorineural bearing losses (author's transl)].

In order to study the suprathreshold hearing phenomena for a differential diagnosis of sensorineural hearing losses Békésy Audiometry has been used at two different levels: a) Békésy threshold level; b) Békésy comfortable level. Are considered: the tracing's amplitude; the continuous decay; the gap between the two different threshold levels. Results has demonstrated that Békésy comfortable level give substantial contribution as decay test and as indirect recruitment test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Normal values in brain stem electric response audiometry (BERA)].

The normal values in brainstem electric response audiometry (BERA) were studied. A description is given of the latencies and amplitudes of the normal response. The effects of (1) the intensity of the stimulus, (2) the stimulation rate, and (3) the use of a sedative were investigated. It seems that the transmission time P1-P5 is significantly longer (+/- 0.25 msec) in men than in women.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1980

The comparison of different calculation formulas for the interpretation of the pure-tone audiometry in the evaluation of professional hearing-loss.

The authors report the analysis of 761 cases of auditive impairment, of which 676 are due to professional noise exposure. They compare the different interpretation formulas of the pure-tone audiometry (Fletcher-Fournier-Fund of Occupational Diseases (FOD) the one to the other by means of regression analyses. Moreover, different cut-off values are discussed on the basis of their sensibility, specificity and validity in comparison with the subjective repercussion of the impairment on the social relations of the individual. The authors demonstrate the advantage of the use of the FOD formula for the evaluation of subjective hearing loss. For the professional hearing loss the limits of 50 or 55 dB FOD give the highest validity. For the hearing loss of non professional origin the highest validity is obtained with the cut-off value of 60 dB FOD corresponding to 50 dB Fletcher or Fournier. The differences between the latter two formulas are unsignificant.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1981

[Criteria for the differential diagnosis of cochlear-retrocochlear disorders with brain stem audiometry (author's transl)].

Brain stem audiometry turned out to be a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of cochlear-retrocochlear damage. Reviewing the literature of recent years it becomes clear that various criteria are used to distinguish such lesions when interpreting the brain stem potentials. The most frequently used parameters are: 1. ipsilateral latency of potential V as compared to mean of normal population; 2. difference of latency of potential V of ipsi- and contralateral side; 3. ipsilateral latency difference potentials I -- V as compared to mean of normal population; 4. difference of latency difference potentials I -- V of ipsi- and contralateral side. Evaluating the registrations of brain stem potentials of 50 patients with uni- or bilateral cochlear lesions these parameters had a different degree of liability. Comparing latency differences of potentials I -- V of ipsi- and contralateral sides was the safest method to avoid a false positive diagnosis. It is discussed why this parameter should be the most suitable in the distinction of cochlear and retrocochlear lesions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗