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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Women as managers in the health services.

Despite their numerical superiority women do not occupy positions of power and authority in the health services generally. This is perceived as being due to a variety of factors which prevent women from realising their full potential as managers. In other parts of the world, as well as in South Africa, middle class white males have dominated health services, since medicine became a formal science, usurping the traditional role of women healers. Some research indicates that women are inclined to practice "feminine" management styles. It is suggested that the feminine/masculine dichotomy is artificial and that qualities which ensure effective management should not be regarded as gender-linked. Leaders in the health services should strive for interdisciplinary, mixed-gender education and training at all levels. Identification and development of management potential in women health-care professionals, role-modelling and sponsor-mentor relationships should be encouraged to allow women to acquire the full range of management skills and to achieve positions of power and authority in the health services.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2006

Hepatic cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: a case report and review of the literature.

An abdominal pseudocyst is a rare, but important complication in patients with a ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt insertion. Several predisposing factors for this complication have been suggested, including infection, obstruction or dislodgement, but the pathophysiology is still unknown. However, the abdominal inflammatory process is accepted widely as a hypothesis for the formation of an abdominal pseudocyst. In this study, we report the case of a 21-year-old male that presented with a high-grade fever, poor appetite, shortness of breath and unconsciousness 1 week after receiving a VP shunt insertion for obstructive hydrocephalus. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic scans of the abdomen revealed a well-defined large hepatic cyst surrounding the peritoneal tube of the VP shunt. A hepatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cyst was diagnosed and Staphylococcus epidermis was cultured via CSF. After externalization of the VP shunt and adequate antibiotic treatment, the hepatic cyst was resolved. There was no recurrence observed in the regular follow up.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Teaching research: an introduction to statistical concepts and research terminology.

Concerns for establishing priorities in occupational therapy research and positive responses to these concerns are reviewed. Growth in occupational therapy research can be expected, but it is important that the research process not be limited to educators and graduate students alone. Involvement of occupational therapists in scientific inquiry is often deterred by misconceptions of the research process. Realistic acceptance of research is needed to replace these misconceptions. One major problem is understanding the language of research. It is suggested that the acquisition of research language can begin in regular occupational therapy classes. To introduce students to research concepts, frequently used statistical symbols and research terms are discussed. Limitations in applying "ideal" research methodology to clinical research are noted.

Occupational Therapy↗
PubMed1999

Quality assessment of computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) in the andrology laboratory.

If quality is assessed with regard to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA), the evaluation of seminal fluid in the andrological laboratory has to be considered. Three levels of quality assessment are generally accepted: structure, process and results. Quality of structure mainly concerns the quality of laboratory assessment, in particular the skill of the staff and the equipment used. The quality of the CASA system itself is difficult to assess. Process quality concerns the quality of performing a diagnosis. When the parameter settings of the CASA system and the handling of the sample are defined, the reproducibility of the CASA values is clearly better than that of the visual estimation of motility. CASA systems are also superior to other methods regarding the documentation of laboratory values, as all the values are obtained directly online. Result quality comprises the precision, reliability and reproducibility of measurement as well as the significance of values with respect to their biological relevance. Concluding from the definitions as quoted above and from reports of the literature it may be stated that: (i) in the dimensions of structure and process quality, CASA is superior to other methods of measuring sperm motility; (ii) the evaluation of results and quality of results, however, is highly problematic; (iii) CASA systems do not appear to be superior to the visual estimation of sperm motility with respect to the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa; (iv) the guidelines of the WHO task force form a basis for sufficient process quality; (v) further efforts should actually focus not on the improvement of investigation technology, but on the improvement in the qualification of investigators.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Urban community health workers: selection, training, practice and outcomes.

The role, desirability and success of community health workers is debated. Conflicting reports have highlighted important concerns and provided guidelines. Particular issues identified are the necessity for both community and health professional input to determine needs and to ensure an acceptable selection process, training, support and accountability. Such steps were followed in the Greater Soweto Maternal Child Project. These are described together with the results achieved. Eight trained Soweto community health workers centered at Chiawelo Clinic and providing home based and neighbourhood health care undertake supervised Tuberculosis treatment, tracing of immunisation defaulters, and health education based on GOBI FFF (Grant JP, UNICEF:1985;94) and "Facts for Life" (UNICEF 1989-1993). They form a link between the community and government health care services and also other available resources. Over a period of 26 months, working from their own homes, they provided 14,254 health related services and in addition undertook 14,501 neighbourhood home visits. They were responsible for 8,710 referrals to the clinic or other relevant agencies for assistance. Incremental training has included HIV/AIDS counselling, advice on family planning with regular report back sessions and discussions. Participatory management involves all major role players. The community health workers have the approval and support of the Local Soweto Health Authority, the Civic Association and the communities they serve. On completion of the project, all were redeployed into local health service posts where it is intended that they form the nucleus of an expanding service. Delegation of selected tasks allows for cost effective functioning of more highly trained staff, an improved service and better use of available resources.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A method for measurement of frequency, modulation characteristics and timer accuracy of ultrasonic therapy equipment.

A method is described for measuring the ultrasonic frequency, modulation data, and exposure time of ultrasonic therapy equipment be detection and analysis of the ultrasonic radiation rather than direct measurement of the electrical rf signal. The equipment used in performing these measurements consists of a receiving piezoelectric transducer, ana electron counter/timer designed to accept and process the detected ultrasonic signal, and an oscilloscope.

Ultrasonic Therapy↗