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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Antifilarial effect of two triterpenoid saponins isolated from Acacia auriculiformis.

The active principle, isolated from the funicles of A. auriculiformis, consisted of two triterpenoid saponins, acaciaside A and acaciaside B which killed in vitro 97% microfilaria of Setaria cervi in 100 min at 4mg/ml concentration and 100% of adults in 35 min. The drug, when administered orally at 100 mg/kg on rats, in which S. cervi adults were implanted intra-peritoneally, increased the blood mf count by 1.5-fold after the first phase of treatment for 10 days. Following the third phase of treatment and thereafter, the mf density was reduced by more than 80%. No toxic effect of the saponins was observed in rats. The rise in mf count indicated that the drug induced a very high physiological stress on the adult worms which increased the rate of discharge of the mf before impending death. The treated rats on autopsy did not show any adult worms.

Acacia↗
PubMed1982

Subchronic effects of gum arabic (Acacia) in the rat.

Young Wistar rats were fed gum arabic (GA) at dietary concentrations of 0% (two control groups), 1, 2, 4, 8 and 20% for 13 weeks. The criteria studied were body weights, food and water consumption, urinalysis, liver and kidney weights, clinical chemistry, haematology, and histology. No untoward effects were observed at dose levels below those which caused dietary imbalance. At the top dose, female rats showed a small reduction in kidney weight, caecal enlargement, and changes in serum urea and total CO2. Male rats showed no differences from the control groups at dietary concentrations up to approx. 8%, but food and water consumption, body weight, liver and kidney weights all decreased significantly and caecal enlargement was evident at the top dose tested. There were no histological changes and no significant changes in haematological parameters in male or female rats at the top dose tested. The no-untoward effect concentrations were 8.6% (5.2 g/kg/day) and 18.1% (13.8 g/kg/day) for male and female rats respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Complex coacervation between beta-lactoglobulin and Acacia gum: a nucleation and growth mechanism.

Complex coacervation between proteins and polysaccharides is a demixing process mainly driven by electrostatic interactions. During this process many structural transitions occur, involving the formation of soluble complexes, aggregated complexes, and coacervates. The dynamic mechanism of complexation/coacervation was studied on beta-lactoglobulin (BLG)/Acacia gum (AG) mixed dispersions (0.1 wt% total concentration; BLG:AG ratio of 2:1) using small angle static light scattering (SALS). Acidification of BLG/AG dispersions was induced by dissolution of 0.11 wt% glucono-delta-lactone, allowing in situ SALS measurements. Time evolution of turbidity, scattered light intensity at 46 degrees scattering angle (I46) or slope of scattering functions at high q range revealed the existence of six pH-induced structural transitions. During BLG/AG complexation and before coacervation took place, scattering profiles displayed a monotonic decrease of I(q) as a function of q. A correlation peak in the scattering functions was only observed when coacervates appeared in the system. The wave vector q(max) corresponding to the maximum in scattered intensity first shifted toward larger q values, indicating an increasing number of coacervates, then shifted toward smaller q values, as a consequence of the system coarsening. The power laws q(max) approximately t(-alpha) and I(max) approximately t(-beta) gave values of 1.9 and 9.2, respectively, values much larger than those expected for intermediate and late stages of spinodal decomposition. From these results, it was concluded that complex coacervation between BLG and AG was a nucleation and growth type process. In addition, the temporal evolution of I46 followed power laws with two different exponents. First exponent corresponding to BLG/AG complexation was 3.0+/-0.3 and indicated a diffusion-controlled growth mechanism. Second exponent corresponding to the initiation of phase separation to the coacervation process was 6.5+/-0.3 and revealed an interfacially-controlled growth mechanism.

Gum Arabic↗