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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Incorporating genetic analyses into birth defects cluster investigations: strategies for identifying candidate genes.

BACKGROUND: Incorporating genetic analyses into birth defect cluster investigations may increase understanding of both genetic and environmental risk factors for the defect. Current constraints of most birth defect cluster investigations make candidate gene selection the most feasible approach. Here, we describe strategies for choosing candidate genes for such investigations, which will also be applicable to more general gene-environment studies. METHODS: We reviewed publicly available web-based resources for selection of candidate genes and identification of risk factors, as well as publications on different strategies for candidate gene selection. RESULTS: Candidate gene selection requires consideration of available gene-disease databases, previous epidemiological studies, animal model research, linkage and expression studies, and other resources. We describe general considerations for utilizing available resources, as well as provide an example of a search for candidate genes related to gastroschisis. CONCLUSIONS: Available web resources could facilitate selection of candidate genes, but selection of optimal candidates will still require a strong understanding of genetics and the pathogenesis of the defect, as well as careful consideration of previous epidemiological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Protein structure resources.

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is the primary source of macromolecular structure data for a worldwide community of users. A subset of those users then process these data to derive secondary information which is also available on the WWW. This process includes validation, some form of reductionism, via sequence or structure, or visualization. The result, a set of further web-accessible resources on protein structure and functional classification, links to primary genomic information, protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions, protein dynamics and protein-modeling resources. This paper reports on these processes and a subset of the web resources that result.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed2004

PathoGene: a pathogen coding sequence discovery and analysis resource.

PathoGene is a web-based resource that streamlines the process of predicting genes in microorganisms and designs PCR primers for amplification to facilitate sequence analysis and experimentation. PathoGene currently supports primer design for every complete microbial, viral, and fungal genome as cataloged in GenBank by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The resulting primers can then be subjected to a stand-alone Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) system called PathoBLAST in which the predicted PCR product and/or primers can be compared against the genome of interest or a similar genome to find related genes or estimate primer quality.

Bacillus anthracis↗
PubMed2003

Teaching the principles of health management to first year veterinary students.

A course called Health Management 1 was created as part of a new DVM curriculum at the Ontario Veterinary College. This full year course was designed to introduce students to basic concepts of health management, integrating the disciplines of epidemiology, ethology, and public health in the context of selected animal industries. The course was comprised of 60 lecture hours and four two-hour laboratories. A common definition of health management, incorporating five principles, was used throughout the course, in order to reinforce the concepts and to maintain continuity between lecture blocks. Unlike in the years prior to the introduction of the new curriculum, epidemiology was presented as a tool of health management rather than as a separate discipline. To supplement the lecture and laboratory material, a Web-based resource was created and the students were required to review the appropriate section prior to each lecture block. Small quizzes, consisting of 10 questions each within WebCT, were used to stimulate self-directed learning. Overall, the course was well received by the students. The Web resources combined with the WebCT quizzes proved to be an effective method of stimulating students to prepare for lecture.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Patient and clinician vocabulary: how different are they?

Consumers and patients are confronted with a plethora of health care information, especially through the proliferation of web content resources. Democratization of the web is an important milestone for patients and consumers since it helps to empower them, make them better advocates on their own behalf and foster better, more-informed decisions about their health. Yet lack of familiarity with medical vocabulary is a major problem for patients in accessing the available information. As a first step to providing better vocabulary support for patients, this study collected and analyzed patient and clinician terms to confirm and quantitatively assess their differences. We also analyzed the information retrieval (IR) performance resulting from these terms. The results showed that patient terminology does differ from clinician terminology in many respects including misspelling rate, mapping rate and semantic type distribution, and patient terms lead to poorer results in information retrieval.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Navigating the World Wide Web in search of resources on antimicrobial resistance.

This overview gives information on navigating for English-language Web sites on antimicrobial resistance. Web sites were gathered on the basis of personal files, articles, and an exhaustive Web search of cross-links from other Web pages. The Web sites were categorized according to users' needs into 5 broad categories, as follows: comprehensive Web sites, with information on all aspects of antimicrobial resistance-related issues; Web sites with patient information about antimicrobial resistance and about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in particular; Web sites covering current multinational surveillance programs; Web sites on prevention of antimicrobial resistance in health care facilities; and Web sites on control of antimicrobial resistance in the community. We compiled a selection of Web sites that seemed to be useful as starting points for physicians, epidemiologists, researchers, or patients interested in this topic.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed2002

Usability assessment study of a web site displaying medical resources on line: the CISMeF.

We present here the usability assessment study of a medical web site dedicated to the Cataloguing and Indexing of French speaking Medical web Sites (CISMeF). We performed a usability inspection using heuristic evaluation and an empirical usability test using a portable lab. The results of the heuristic evaluation show usability flaws along guidance, prompting and legibility ergonomic criteria. The usability test confirms this result and gives some more hints about the severity rating of the problems. From these results, we draw up a set of recommendations for the re-engineering of the Human Computer Interface (HCI). We conclude on the necessity to integrate usability engineering early enough in the projects lifecycle.

France↗
PubMed2002

Bioinformatics and high throughput approach to create genomic resources for the study of bovine immunobiology.

The advent of technologies such as real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cDNA microarrays herald a new era in the study of biological systems. In immunobiology, these advances have begun to impact studies of infectious diseases, inflammatory processes, and immune cell function. However, a lack of genetic reagents for domestic and companion animals has precluded widespread application of new technologies to studies in these systems. We have recently described development of cDNA microarrays for studying bovine immunobiology. Although powerful in revealing genes involved in immunological phenomena in cattle, these resources were limited by a lack of genes known to function in immune responses from other species, such as mouse and human. To address this shortcoming, we used a combination of bioinformatics and high throughput RT-PCR to create amplicons representing over 270 bovine genes whose orthologs in other species were known to function in immune responses. Amplified gene segments were prepared from cDNA representing RNA isolated from either unstimulated or concanavalin A (ConA) stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In total, 276 genes were amplified from cDNA representing unstimulated bovine PBMC RNA or from cDNA representing ConA stimulated bovine PBMC RNA. A web-accessible resource (http://gowhite.ans.msu.edu/public_php/gd-bovine-immunology.php) has been created to assist in dissemination of this novel resource. The web-accessible resource contains information on gene name, the forward and reverse primers used to amplify each segment, expected product size, and if the gene was found in unstimulated PBMCs or only in ConA stimulated PBMCs. Gene names appear as hyperlinks to the Genbank pages representing the bovine gene or expressed sequence tag (EST) used to generate each primer pair.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

MERLOT: a faculty-focused Web site of educational resources.

The Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching (MERLOT) is a community of academic institutions, professional discipline organizations, and individual people building a collection of Web-based teaching and learning resources where faculty can easily find peer-reviewed materials for use in their classes. The MERLOT project is currently supported by 23 systems and institutions of higher education and by the National Science Foundation. MERLOT is developing collections of learning materials from many academic disciplines, including psychology.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

KEGG-based pathway visualization tool for complex omics data.

Pathway-level visualization of omics data provides an essential means for systems biology, to capture the systematic properties of the inner activities of cells. Here we describe a web-based resource consisting of a web-application for the visualization of complex omics data onto KEGG pathways to overview all entities in the context of cellular pathways, and databases created with the software to visualize a series of microarray data. The web-application accepts transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, or the combination of these data as input, and because of this scalability it is advantageous for the visualization of cell simulation results. The web server can be accessed at http://www.g-language.org/data/marray/.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed2004

An evaluation of trends in obstetrics and gynecology clerkships in the United States and Canada.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to provide an updated profile of clerkship directors and third-year clerkships for Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology at US and Canadian medical schools. STUDY DESIGN: All 142 accredited medical schools in the US and Canada were contacted to identify the individual(s) responsible for third-year medical education in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Additional clerkship sites (n=10) were identified using the Association of Professors in Gynecology and Obstetrics' (APGO) list of current members self-identified as clerkship directors. Written surveys were mailed to the individuals identified above. The survey included questions about demographic and academic profiles, 11 attitude statements, as well as potential interest in a national organization of clerkship directors under APGO and interest in the creation of web-based resources specifically for clerkship directors. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-three (81%) responses were received. Demographic and academic characteristics of clerkship directors were similar to those published 13 (1) and 6 (2) years ago, except that the proportion of female clerkship directors has steadily increased (20% in 1989 [1], 25% in 1994 [2], and 44% in 2000, P <.0001). Thirty-five percent of departments have a specialized division of medical education, and 21% of respondents stated that their affiliated medical school had a formal multidisciplinary women's health care curriculum. Eighty-nine percent of respondents felt that their job as clerkship director was personally fulfilling. Eighty- nine percent supported a national organization of clerkship directors under APGO and the majority supported other activities specific for clerkship directors, including web-based resources. CONCLUSION: The profiles of obstetrics and gynecology clerkships and clerkship directors in the US and Canada have remained relatively stable over the last 13 years. However, the proportion of female clerkship directors continues to increase. Interest in more organized activities specifically for clerkship directors and web-based resources is high.

Canada↗
PubMed2003

American ophthalmology graduate medical education and the web: current state of internet resource utilization.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the presence and accessibility of ophthalmology graduate medical education (GME) programs on the internet and the degree to which web-based resources are currently being utilized by American Ophthalmology training programs. DESIGN: Prospective sampling of internet postings of ophthalmology GME programs. METHODS: Ophthalmology residency programs listed in the American Medical Association Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) online website (http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/2997. html) were evaluated. Departmental websites were accessed either directly from the FREIDA website or from one of eight search engines or four metacrawlers utilized in the study. Each site was evaluated for the presence, extent, and type of postings in the following categories: residency, medical student resources, faculty, patient care, video utilization, and links. RESULTS: Departments with websites numbered 102 (83%). Specific posting rates were residency 84%; medical student resource 12%; faculty 72%; patient care 69%; video 2%; links 70%. CONCLUSIONS: Most departments have websites, but only a small number have postings in all categories.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed2006

World Wide Web hepatitis B virus resources.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health issue, often under-discussed due to social prejudices related to its mode of transmission. The World Wide Web, an increasingly popular means of dissemination of health-related information, can serve continuing medical practitioner awareness and enhance public health literacy. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to investigate the existence of, and evaluate the content of websites offering information on hepatitis B. STUDY DESIGN: Sites were selected by certain criteria (sponsor, language options, free access, validation of content by independent medical and non-medical personnel), which unavoidably rendered the lists subjective. RESULTS: At least three medical personnel-oriented websites (American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Clinical Care Options and The Hepatitis B Foundation sites) offer significant, up to date information on hepatitis B for clinicians. Sites offering information for the public used simple patterns as fact sheets and question-answer sets. The majority of the sites were based in the US. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatitis B virus infection is adequately represented in the web, regarding the needs of medical practitioners. Dissemination of information for the public appears in various modes, and at least at present, can only safely be achieved through simplified reports on the disease.

Hepatitis B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

www. Information resources for stroke.

The World Wide Web (www), or the Internet, is an essential educational tool for stroke survivors, caregivers and family members, rehabilitation nurses, and other healthcare providers. An immense amount of information about stroke is available on the Web, from its prevention to dealing with its effects. Anyone can publish anything about stroke on the Web. This article presents criteria for evaluating Internet resources and identifies numerous reliable Web resources related to stroke, along with suggestions about how the information from these Web sites can be helpful to both public and professional consumers.

Caregivers↗
PubMed2000

NCBI's LocusLink and RefSeq.

The NCBI has introduced two new web resources-LocusLink and RefSeq-that facilitate retrieval of gene-based information and provide reference sequence standards. These resources are designed to provide a non-redundant view of current knowledge about human genes, transcripts and proteins. Additional information about these resources is available on the LocusLink web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/LocusLink/

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1998

Breaking down information barriers: a guide to international research of medical resources on the World Wide Web.

The purpose of this paper is to facilitate international research of medical resources on the World Wide Web. International research consists of overcoming a unique set of obstacles and challenges that are not involved when undertaking research tasks using only U.S.-based information. Utilizing the World Wide Web can help us to overcome most of the restraints we would have to face when we perform research outside of our local geography. Currently, there are a number of Internet Web sites that may assist us in breaking down the barriers to undertaking international research.

Directories as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancing clinical practice through the use of electronic resources.

This article discusses the development of a web-based resource to support students in their learning, especially those engaged in problem-based learning. The Students Online in Nursing Integrated Curricula website has been evaluated and used in different settings (www.uclan.ac.uk/sonic). This open-access website can be used by students, mentors, practice educators and lecturers to support learning in a variety of settings.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of Web-based patient information resources: application in the assessment of a patient clinical information system.

The advent of Internet-based information systems has provided unprecedented opportunity for the widespread access to medical information. However, issues related to the evaluation of such systems to ensure their usability, effectiveness and to assess their effect on the provider-patient relationship pose a considerable challenge. This paper describes a framework for the distance evaluation of web-based information technologies. The methods are described in the context of an ongoing evaluation of a system known as PatCIS, designed to be accessed by patients from home for obtaining health information, and for management of chronic diseases. We employ a multi-method approach that involves collection of a rich data set, including Web-based questionnaires, automatic logging of user activity and e-mail communication with users. Our work in evaluation design is influenced from research in the areas of cognitive science and the field of usability engineering which aims to characterize the interaction of users with information technologies.

Attitude to Computers↗