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281 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Hemorrhoidal diseases].

Main symptoms associated with hemorrhoids are anal bleeding, pruritus as well as weeping and superficial wounds of the rima ani and, finally, hemorrhoidal prolapse. The reason for the symptoms described is a relative anal incontinence due to hemorrhoidal knots prolapsing into the anal channel. There is evidence of an increased sphincteric pressure following increase of intraluminal pressure in colon and rectum in patients whose volumes of stool are too little because of small amounts of dietary fiber or regular use of laxatives. The stop of venous blood flow leads to a constant swelling of the vascular bed in the anal channel, which herniates during defection with variable intensity. Almost half of the patients suffering from hemorrhoids of grade 1 or grade 2 are treated successfully and conservatively (regulation of bowel habits by intake of large quantities of dietary fiber, change of life style and training of sphincter ani). Although injection therapy is used mostly, ligation of the prolapsing knots is the most physiological form of treatment: in retaining the vascular bed, the patient is able to keep complete continence. The consequent use of the former mentioned modes of treatment gives a 95% success rate in patients suffering from hemorrhoids. Only 5% need surgical intervention.

Fecal Incontinence↗
PubMed1994

Local complications after arterial bypass grafting.

We have documented prospectively the problems occurring after 496 arterial bypass grafts (149 aortoiliac, 238 femorodistal, 65 extra-anatomic, and 44 others) implanted during the period 1987 to 1991 in a district general hospital. Postoperative bleeding occurred early in 14 (2.8%), and later (because of infection) in 3 (0.6%). Early graft occlusion (< 30 days) was seen in 2.9% aortofemoral, 10.4% femoropopliteal, and 25.3% femorotibial grafts, and amputation was required after 6.9% grafts. Wound problems were most common after femorotibial bypass--weeping of fluid in 3% and dehiscence or infection in 13.9%. Lymphatic collections occurred after 1.2% operations involving groin incisions. Graft sepsis was usually late, affecting 6% aortofemoral, 2.9% femorodistal, and 7.7% extra-anatomic grafts, but no intra-abdominal aortic grafts. These figures are probably representative of the complication rates seen by many surgeons and serve as an example for comparison and criticism.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

Modified Charles operation for primary fibrosclerotic lymphedema.

Radical excision of lymphedematous tissue with skin grafting (Charles operation) may be required for patients with advanced fibrosclerotic lower extremity lymphedema. Complications of this procedure include papillomatosis, wart formation, intractable skin ulcerations and weeping of lymph and are often considered major drawbacks of the operation. We have largely circumvented these sequelae by burying a strip of shaved split-thickness skin graft into the deep subcutaneous tissue thereby modifying the Charles operation. The strip of deepithelialized skin seemingly connects the superficial dermal lymphatics with subfascial deep lymphatics thereby facilitating lymph drainage and minimizing lymphedema accumulation and the complications outlined above. We have now treated 4 patients with advanced primary fibrosclerotic lymphedema using this modified technique. Not only were the patients improved in appearance and function with less trophic changes, but lymphscintigraphy using 99mTc-dextran also suggested improved interstitial tracer transport.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Exertion syncope disclosing supravalvular mitral stenosis in an infant].

An infant with frequent upper airways infections presented syncopes during meals and weeping since the age of eleven months. Cardiac examination was always normal. At 14 months of age, an echocardiogram with colour Doppler demonstrated a severely stenotic isolated supramitral membrane with severe pulmonary hypertension. The membrane was immediately excised curing the malformation and suppressing definitively the syncopes, probably due to decreased cerebral blood flow during exertion. An echocardiogram should always be performed when syncopes remain unexplained in small children. It allows early diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects which do not have auscultatory findings especially those resulting in severe pulmonary venous obstruction.

Echocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cisapride efficacy in gastroesophageal reflux in children].

In the last years gastroesophageal reflux disease received more attentions, due to an improving in diagnostic techniques. Motility disorders, such as reduced competence of lower esophageal sphincter, motor esophageal disorders, delayed gastric emptying are important factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore therapy using prokinetic agents has been considered useful. A variety of drugs such as bethanecol, metoclopramide and domperidone have been used. There are conflicting report on the effects of these drugs and it should also be emphasized that they are not devoid of side effects related to dopamine antagonism. Recently cisapride, prokinetic agent which acts through facilitation of acetylcholine release, has been considered effective and well tolerate drug for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. In this view we investigated the effects of oral administration of cisapride in 12 children (age range 3-40 months), 7 females and 5 males, suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnosed on the bases of: clinic criteria, barium swallow radiological examination, 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring. After diagnosis a treatment with cisapride (1 mg/kg/die) before feedings for 8 weeks was started in all children. At the end of the trial clinical assessment and 24-hour intraesophageal pH test were performed. Clinical assessment was determined through weight, length and a clinical score calculated using the following parameters: regurgitation, vomiting, irritability, nocturnal weeping, meteorism, respiratory complaints. The total score was evaluated at diagnosis and during the follow-up (1st, 2nd, 4th and 8th week).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

[Pathological crying and unilateral pontine infarction].

A 64-year-old man presented with pathologic crying and right hemiplegia due to a unilateral pontine infarct from probable branch disease of the basilar artery. The circumscribed nature of the lesion was supported by MRI and short-latency evoked potentials. The weeping spells ceased after a few days of imipramine in low doses. Pathologic laughing and crying can be viewed as a limbic-motor disconnection syndrome, in which the faciovocal motor system is released from forebrain afferents carrying information of emotional content. The inclusion of pathologic laughing and crying in the syndrome pseudobulbar palsy is inaccurate and misleading, since each is related to distinct functional and anatomic systems intrinsic to the human brainstem.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Know how guide to eczema/dermatitis.

Eczema is a very common skin problem in primary care, and is used to describe a group of conditions where there is inflammation in the skin. It can be either acute or chronic, or a combination of the two. Acute eczema presents as a red weeping rash, with the presence of vesicles and exudate. Chronic eczema is the reverse, being dry and scaly with lichenification.

Dermatitis↗
PubMed1997

[Menkes' disease: anatomo-clinical presentation of a case].

We describe a case of Menke's disease with severe neurological involvement, convulsive crises and characteristic hair anomalies (scanty, fragile, macroscopically hypopigmented and microscopically kinked) which led to rapid diagnosis. Vascular abnormalities with elongated, twisted arteries, skeletal abnormalities (more wormian cranial bones than usual, lateral spurs of metaphyses) and vesicle diverticuli. Electron microscopy of skeletal muscle showed concentrically laminated bodies, possibly of mitochondrial origin. Respiratory chain enzyme activity was normal. The patient died at the age of two and a half. On necropsy, histological abnormalities characteristics of the illness were seen (loss of neurones in the granular layer of the cerebellum, the neurones of Purkinje had thickening of the dendrites which spread out in the form of a weeping willow, reduplication and fragmentation of the internal elastic layer of muscle arteries). In the cortex of the cerebellum mega-mitochondria with electron-dense bodies, were seen on electron microscopy. This is the first case of Menke's disease described in the Spanish literature which includes pathology and electron microscope studies.

Brain↗
PubMed1997

The oral and intratracheal toxicities of ROUNDUP and its components to rats.

The toxicities of ROUNDUP and its component chemicals, glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) and polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA), were determined at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 24 h following administration to rats. The intratracheal administration of glyphosate (0.2 g/kg), POEA (0.1 g/kg), a mixture of glyphosate (0.2 g/kg) + POEA (0.1 g/kg), or ROUNDUP (containing 0.2 g/kg glyphosate and 0.1 g/kg POEA) elicited immediate respiratory effects which were more severe and which lasted longer in the groups receiving the POEA-containing preparations than in the glyphosate alone group. By 1 h, all test preparations had caused deaths, but more occurred from the POEA-containing preparations than from glyphosate. The po administration of POEA (1 g/kg), the mixture of glyphosate (2 g/kg) +POEA (1 g/kg), or ROUNDUP (containing 2 g/kg glyphosate and 1 g/kg POEA) produced diarrhea and blood-stained weeping from noses. Death was only seen from POEA at 24 h. Glyphosate (2 g/kg po) produced transient diarrhea without nose bleeds; POEA caused diarrhea at 1 h; and the mixture of POEA + glyphosate produced diarrhea later that increased in severity with time. Bloody nose secretions were seen only with the preparations that contained POEA. No deaths, respiratory effects or bloody nose secretions occurred in controls given saline. Both POEA and glyphosate caused lung hemorrhages and lung epithelial cell damage with po or intratracheal exposures. These results indicate POEA and preparations that contained POEA were more toxic than glyphosate.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[Hemorrhoids--etiology, symptoms and therapy].

Hemorrhoids are a very widespread disease causing pain by thrombosis, fear by bleeding and be a burden by weeping and pruritus. The different treatments show the different interpretations of physicians and patients. This paper will give a view of the most common and standardized procedures. Rubber band ligation is the most effective procedure in treating 1st and 2nd grade hemorrhoids. Surgical procedure is best in 2nd and 3rd grade disease. Recurrency is between 0.5 and 5% only. Technical development in surgical practice was leading to less pain in postoperative period by using diathermy, non-traumatic technique and avoiding of tampons. Using these principles hemorrhoidectomy allows a short hospital stay according to the individual needs of the patient. Special care should be given on urinary retention, the most common complication in anorectal surgery.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1976

Complication and correction of the pierced ear.

This paper emphasizes three major complications that are corrected by techniques of soft tissue surgery. These are: (1) keloid formation; (2) bifid earlobe; (3) recurrent itching and weeping. Other complications are also mentioned.

Beauty Culture↗