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Results for “Vision, Low”

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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Saccadic eye movements as a measure of the effect of low vision rehabilitation on reading rate.

We assessed saccadic eye movements and reading capabilities in individuals with macular disease by a masked clinical study to determine whether changes in saccadic frequency were correlated to changes in reading rates or number of errors for a reading task. We used a measure of eye movement characteristics in the form of a saccadic frequency score (SFS). Twelve subjects with macular disease were tested before and after an intense 6-week inpatient vision rehabilitation program. The mean age was 70.9 years (63 to 77 years). Mean visual acuity was 10/100 (10/40 to 10/200). Mean reading rates at entry and discharge were 8.5 words/min and 20.9 words/min, respectively (p = 0.02). SFS improved from 2.709 to 2.022 (p = 0.07). Reading errors improved from 5.60 to 4.00 (p = 0.03). Reading rates and SFS's were highly inversely correlated both pre- and post-treatment (Pearson r = -0.892 and -0.896, respectively). SFS and the number of reading errors were highly correlated with both pre- and post-treatment as well (Pearson r = 0.782 and 0.601, respectively). Interestingly the data appeared to cluster into two groups, one showing improvement and the other showing none. Cluster analysis revealed a strong association among reading rate, saccade scores, and reading errors. Membership in the two clusters is consistent pre- and post-rehabilitation in all but one case. Clustering is most evident for reading rate and reading errors and less so for saccade scores.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Visual correlates of obstacle avoidance in adults with low vision.

This study examined how mobility performance in a heterogeneous sample of visually impaired adults relates to measures of visual sensory and perceptual function. We found that the best predictors of mobility performance under photopic and scotopic lighting conditions were models that incorporated visual field extent (VFE) and scanning ability. Together with measures of contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution, these models accounted for approximately 50% of the variance in mobility performance. We also found that VFE and scanning ability were the dominant predictor variables when the sample was broken down by subjects' type of vision loss into an acuity loss, a visual field restriction, and a combination loss group.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed2000

The limitations imposed on reading by low vision aids.

INTRODUCTION: The changes that occur in the reading eye movements of normally sighted readers were measured as they used hand magnifiers to identify how these devices contribute to the slow reading of visually-impaired patients. METHODS: Subjects inexperienced in magnifier use read texts containing two sizes of print, using hand magnifiers of two different powers, held at two different eye-to-magnifier distances. The effect of magnification (up to 13.5x) and field-of-view (FOV) (2-45 characters) could be assessed independently. RESULTS: Reading speed decreased with increasing magnification because the size of the saccades did not increase in proportion to the magnification: for a given level of magnification, decreasing the FOV and decreasing the viewing distance both reduce the size of the saccades even further. The overall reading speed is only slowed significantly when the FOV restriction is extreme (two characters' width). CONCLUSIONS: Two mechanisms seem to be used spontaneously by normally sighted readers to mitigate the limitation of reading speed created by the shortened saccades: head movement in the direction of reading and retinal image slip during fixation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Low vision.

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Humans↗